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This volume, the outcome of a seminar organized at the International Institute for Asian Studies, Leiden, marks an important advancement in the study of South Indian Sanskrit manuscripts which are predominantly on palm leaf and rarely older than three to four centuries. Nevertheless, they continued a manuscript culture for around two millennia and had a profound impact on traditions of knowledge and culture. After an introductory essay (by J.E.M. Houben and S. Rath) addressing theoretical and historical issues of text transmission in manuscripts and in India’s remarkably strong oral memory culture, it contains twelve contributions dealing with South Indian manuscript collections in India and Europe (mainly of Vedic and Sanskrit texts) and with problems related to the scripts, the dating of manuscripts and India's literary and intellectual history. Contributors include: G. Colas, A.A. Esposito, M. Fujii, C. Galewicz, J.E.M. Houben, H. Moser, P. Perumal, K. Plofker, S. Rath, S.R. Sarma, D. Wujastyk, K.G. Zysk
Composite and multiple-text manuscripts are traditionally studied for their individual texts, but recent trends in codicology have paved the way for a more comprehensive approach: Manuscripts are unique artefacts which reveal how they were produced and used as physical objects. While multiple-text manuscripts codicologically are to be considered as production units, i.e. they were originally planned and realized in order to carry more than one text, composites consist of formerly independent codicological units and were put together at a later stage with intentions that might be completely different from those of its original parts. Both sub-types of manuscripts are still sometimes called "miscellanies", a term relating to the texts only. The codicological difference is important for reconstructing why and how these manuscripts which in many cases resemble (or contain) a small library were produced and used. Contributions on the manuscript cultures of China, India, Africa, the Islamic world and European traditions lead not only to the conclusion that "one-volume libraries" have been produced in many manuscript cultures, but allow also for the identification of certain types of uses.
This collection, presented to Michael Friedrich in honour of his academic career at of the Centre for the Study of Manuscript Cultures, traces key concepts that scholars associated with the Centre have developed and refined for the systematic study of manuscript cultures. At the same time, the contributions showcase the possibilities of expanding the traditional subject of ‘manuscripts’ to the larger perspective of ‘written artefacts’.
: It my immune’s pleasures to bring out a comprehensive text book on Research methodology and biostatistics for post-graduation of Ayurveda according to NCISM Syllabus. Research methodology is one of the challenge topic in post-graduation studies. The salient features of this text book provide 10 chapters from introduction to research, research process, Ayurvedic research techniques, Research in manuscripts, drug research and instrumentation, selection of appropriate study design in clinical research, Pharmacovigilance, scientific writing and biostatistics. 1. This book emphasising on identification and prioritization areas in Ayurveda where research is Need, Interest, Concern, Expectation is there. Understanding the thirst areas in Ayurveda according to that selection of topic guidelines has been given. 2. This book gives comprehensive, clear and concise overview of application of Ayurveda research tools in selection of topic, writing thesis and in clinical research and systematic documentation etc, along with that it will provide step by step guideline to conduct research in manuscripts and its publication 3. The uniqueness of this text book is Drug Research, how to do standardization of drug as per API and their Instrumentation, selection of appropriate laboratory instruments their principal, and application in ASU Drug testing has been Clearly spelled out. 4. This book clearly addressing the selection of appropriate selection of study design in clinical research as per the research question has been clearly, concise, explained. Like case report, case series, cross sectional study, case control study, cohort study, Randomised controlled trail, systematic review, Meta analysis has explained in detail, and appropriate selection statistical test has been mentioned. Publication skills has been explained 9 heading and 40 points for publication. 5. This book has been illustrated in simple language with table’s, figures, chats etc, for all the readers this book is concise summary on research techniques and their instrumentation uses in research.
This volume deals with South Indian Sanskrit manuscripts, predominantly on palm leaf and rarely older than three to four centuries, and their role in a manuscript culture that had a significant impact on Indian intellectual history for around two millennia.
This book highlights the present status of manuscript collection in the different repositories of India, and also suggests some remedial measures which are required to be adopted for the proper conservation, care and management of manuscripts. It showcases the nature of base material, ink, pigments, binding materials, writing and illustration techniques used in different manuscripts, given the importance of having thorough knowledge about the chemical composition of different materials before adopting any kind of conservation practice. As dating of manuscript is a very difficult task, a great variety of techniques and methodology such as palaeography, style of writing, illustration and terminology, colophon, spectrometric methods, and radio carbon dating, among others, are discussed here. Furthermore, as prevention is better than cure, different preventive measures, including indigenous methods practiced during the ancient period for preservation of manuscripts, are also outlined, as are the hazards of using different chemicals for conservation of manuscripts.
Preservation of manuscripts is a serious issue for the Librarians, Information Scientists and Archivists ever since human beings acquired the knowledge of writing. The manuscripts have the chances to be damaged by insects or due to tearing by use of rough handling; so it is most essential to repair these damages at the moment of identification. The preservation of manuscripts follows traditional as well as modern methods, which are scientific and preserve documents for further use. In traditional system of preservation herbals are used such as neem leaves, aswagandha leaves, dried ginger, kumkum fruit powder, sandal wood, turmeric powder, garlic, etc. In case of modern methods suitable chemicals are used for preservation. This work contains twenty-eight papers contributed by distinguished scholars from India. These articles, with notes references and bibliography are well illustrated and have shed illuminating light on various aspects of manuscript and manuscriptology as practised in India which focus on the following facets like, Manuscript writers; Manuscript research; Manuscript typology; Manuscript and use of colophons; Style of writing Manuscript; Manuscript editing; Manuscript centers; Manuscript collection; Manuscript storage and preservation; Manuscript conservation; Manuscript catalogue and cataloguing and Manuscript case studies.
This volume is the first to attempt a comprehensive and cross-disciplinary analysis of the manuscript cultures implementing the pothi manuscript form (a loosely bound stack of oblong folios). It is the indigenous form by which manuscripts have been crafted in South Asia and the cultural areas most influenced by it, that is to say Central and South East Asia. The volume focuses particularly on the colophons featured in such manuscripts presenting a series of essays enabling the reader to engage in a historical and comparative investigation of the links connecting the several manuscript cultures examined here. Colophons as paratexts are situated at the intersection between texts and the artefacts that contain them and offer a unique vantage point to attain global appreciation of their manuscript cultures and literary traditions. Colophons are also the product of scribal activities that have moved across regions and epochs alongside the pothi form, providing a common thread binding together the many millions of pothis still today found in libraries in Asia and the world over. These contributions provide a systematic approach to the internal structure of colophons, i.e. their ‘syntax’, and facilitate a vital, comparative approach.