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Cutting edge research in cell and tissue research abounds in this review of the latest technological developments in the area. The chapters are written by excellent scientists on advanced, frontier technology and address scientific questions that require considerable engineering brainpower. The aim is to provide students and scientists working in academia and industry new information on bioengineering in cell and tissue research to enhance their understanding and innovation.
The concept of microcirculation means not only the assembly of small vessels-those of less than 100 um in diameter, but also its functional circulatory and metabolic units. Its principal function is to permit the transfer of substances between the tissues and the circulation, making it a fundamental factor in disease processes, including the spread of cancer, delayed healing, circulatory shock, and complications of diabetes . Organ Microcirculation: A Gateway to Diagnostic and Therapeutic Interventions covers the latest developments in nano-biotechnology for microvascular interventions, gastroduodenal microcirculation and disease, liver microvascular research, cell adhesion and traffic in micmcirculation, and the sensing and bioregulation of gaseous molecules in microcirculation . It provides invaluable information for those engaged in microvascular research in the fields of pharmacology, physiology, gastroenterology, and bioengineering.
In this book current knowledge of the pathophysiology of shock, sepsis and multi organ failure is presented. The rapid progress which has been made and the results achieved in intensive care medicine are based on sound basic research, which is duly reflected in these chapters. Multiorgan failure is the foremost cause of postoperative and posttraumatic death and many complex mechanisms are involved. Only with a good foundation of basic research can abnormalities in the physiological, biochemical, and morphological course of shock be recognized and the necessary conclusions for treatment drawn. Therapy must proceed from profound knowledge of the multi variant physiological events in order to influence shock, sepsis and organ failure. Although numerous possibilities for therapy have arisen from pharmaceutical research in recent years, they are beyond the scope of this book and are not discussed here. To gain a better understanding of the pathophysiological events it was necessary to examine and to describe different models that simulate and reproduce these events. Here we describe the causative agents (shock) and the consequences (sepsis, organ failure) in two main sections, divided on the basis of their pathophysiology.
This unique book provides clinicians and administrators with a comprehensive understanding of perioperative hemodynamic monitoring and goal directed therapy, emphasizing practical guidance for implementation at the bedside. Successful hemodynamic monitoring and goal directed therapy require a wide range of skills. This book will enable readers to: • Detail the rationale for using perioperative hemodynamic monitoring systems and for applying goal directed therapy protocols at the bedside • Understand the physiological concepts underlying perioperative goal directed therapy for hemodynamic management • Evaluate hemodynamic monitoring systems in clinical practice • Learn about new techniques for achieving goal directed therapy • Apply goal directed therapy protocols in the perioperative environment (including emergency departments, operating rooms and intensive care units) • Demonstrate clinical utility of GDT and hemodynamic optimization using case presentations. Illustrated with diagrams and case examples, this is an important resource for anesthesiologists, emergency physicians, intensivists and pneumonologists as well as nurses and administrative officers.
Vascular Liver Disease: Mechanisms and Management covers all of the disease entities that stem from abnormalities that affect the hepatic vasculature. This multi-authored text includes the mechanisms and management of intrahepatic vascular disease, including the most common cause of vascular disease of the liver, cirrhosis. Other less common diseases of the liver vasculature are also covered such as sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (previously known as veno-occlusive disease), portal vein thrombosis, the Budd-Chiari syndrome and congenital vascular malformations. These entities, although rare, are a challenge to physicians and physician scientists. Although many textbooks have been written on the consequences of cirrhosis on the liver vasculature, this is the only volume that focuses on the liver vasculature as a separate entity, providing an innovative approach to liver disease management. Vascular Liver Disease: Mechanisms and Management will be of great value to clinical investigators and basic scientists interested in the liver circulation as well as clinical gastroenterologists and hepatologists, hepatobiliary surgeons and transplant surgeons, and to interventional radiologists with a particular interest in the liver.
A concise yet complete overview of the treatment of cardiovascular instability in the critically ill patient. The authors consider all aspects, ranging from basic physiology and pathophysiology to diagnostic tools and established and novel forms of therapy. The whole is rounded off with an integration of these principles into a series of clinically relevant scenarios.
The liver is an exceptionally complex and diverse organ that functions both as an exocrine and an endocrine gland. It secretes bile, which contains many con stituents in addition to bile salts, and it synthesizes and releases many substances in response to the body's demands, including prohormones, albumin, clotting factors, glucose, fatty acids, and various lipoproteins. It has a dual blood supply providing a rich mixture of nutrients and other absorbed substances via the portal vein and oxygen-rich blood via the hepatic artery. This functional heterogeneity is accompanied by cellular heterogeneity. The liver contains many cell types including hepatic parachymal cells, Kiipffer cells, Ito cells, and endothelial cells. The most abundant cell type, the parenchymal cells, are biochemically and structurally heterogeneous. The cells in the oxygen-rich areas of the portal triad appear more dependent on oxidative metabolism, whereas those around the central vein (pericentral, perivenous, or centrolobular areas) are more dependent upon an anaerobic mechanism. Throughout this volume the latter three terms are used synonymously by various authors to indicate the five to eight layers of cells radiating from the central vein. Structural and metabolic heterogeneity of hepatic parenchymal cells has been demonstrated by a variety of approaches, including histochemical, ultra structural, and ultramicrobiochemical studies. This microheterogeneity is linked to the physiological functions of the liver and its response to injurious substances.
Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy provides concise, evidence-based, bedside guidance for the management of critically ill patients with acute renal failure, offering quick reference answers to clinicians' questions about treatments and situations encountered in daily practice.