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A nuanced study of early Christian exegesis Miriam DeCock analyzes four important early Christian treatments of the Gospel of John, including commentaries by Origen and Cyril from the Alexandrian tradition and the homilies of John Chrysostom and the commentary of Theodore of Mopsuestia, which represent Antiochian traditions. DeCock maintains that the traditional distinction between nonliteral and literal interpretations in these two early Christian centers remains helpful despite recent challenges to the paradigm. She argues that a major and abiding distinction between the two schools lies in the manner in which Alexandrian and Antiochian authors apply the gospel text to their respective communities. DeCock demonstrates that the Antiochenes find primarily literal moral examples and doctrinal teachings in John's Gospel, whereas the Alexandrians find both these and nonliteral teachings concerning the immediate situation of the church and of its individual members. Features An examination of each author's interpretations of a selection of texts Focused explorations of John 2; 4; and 9-11 in early Christian exegesis A study of early literal non-literal interpretations of John's Gospel
Re-envisioning Theodore is the first comprehensive study of Theodore of Mopsuestia's biblical interpretation in his Catechetical Homilies. It challenges the common yet reductionist view of Theodore’s exegetical approach as “historical,” offering a balanced portrayal of this exegete. Theodore is not a slave of his interpretative methodology, and he may omit the exposition of the historical setting of the Bible and introduce elements not present in the biblical narrative.Re-envisioning Theodore also reveals Theodore’s previously little known exegetical ties with Pro-Nicenes and, through them, with Origen. For the first time, this book shows that his exegesis incorporates Greco-Syrian liturgical imagery.
Accessible, comprehensive, and up-to-date, Interpreting the Gospel and Letters of John is an ideal text for students new to the discipline of biblical studies. Sherri Brown and Francis J. Moloney present a broad overview of the story of Christianity arising out of its Jewish foundations and proceed to guide readers expertly through the contents of the Gospel and Letters of John. Maintaining that Johannine literature is best understood against the background of the Old Testament covenant metaphor, Brown and Moloney focus on the central role of covenant in the narrative of John's Gospel and highlight the Evangelist's use of fulfillment language. Helpful sidebars, maps, questions for review, and further-reading lists are placed throughout the text, making this volume well suited for classroom use.
John’s Gospel possesses a generous range of meanings and has had an enduring impact across the generations. This book explores that impact from a range of disciplines: from the exegetical and theological to the historical, spiritual, liturgical, musical, pastoral, political, and postcolonial. It encompasses contributions from a number of scholars and writers associated with Trinity College, University of Divinity, Melbourne, who all share a common love for this Gospel and a conviction of its continuing relevance. Australian biblical scholar Professor Francis J. Moloney SDB says in his foreword that various “receptions” of the Fourth Gospel are illuminatingly explored in this book, which demonstrates how the Gospel of John has played a critical role in shaping the theology and culture of the Christian tradition.
In the latest addition to the Ancient Christian Texts series, David Maxwell renders a service to students of patristics and New Testament studies alike. The first complete English translation of Cyril of Alexandria's Commentary on John since the nineteenth century, this volume unveils one of the brightest lights in the Alexandrian tradition.
This book challenges standard accounts of early Christian exegesis of the Bible. Professor Young sets the interpretation of the Bible in the context of the Graeco-Roman world - the dissemination of books and learning, the way texts were received and read, the function of literature in shaping not only a culture but a moral universe. For the earliest Christians, the adoption of the Jewish scriptures constituted a supersessionary claim in relation to Hellenism as well as Judaism. Yet the debt owed to the practice of exegesis in the grammatical and rhetorical schools is of overriding significance. Methods were philological and deductive, and the usual analysis according to 'literal', 'typological' and 'allegorical' is inadequate to describe questions of reference and issues of religious language. The biblical texts shaped a 'totalizing discourse' which by the fifth century was giving identity, morality and meaning to a new Christian culture.
Historical-critical methods in biblical scholarship are associated with numerous intellectual movements, such as rationalism, positivism, and historical relativism, that minimize or reject the sacred and revealed nature of Scripture. Ben F. Meyer noted, however, as have official Church documents, that modern biblical techniques are essential for locating the literal, that is, the intended sense of the biblical texts. He likened these modern methods to the ancient Antiochene school's focus on the literal sense. But to focus on "Antioch" alone does not account for Scripture's theological depth, religious context, or fulfillment of the promises of God. Biblical interpretation associated with ancient "Alexandria" offers a focus on the transcendent mystery of God's word, often lacking in current biblical scholarship, but Meyer noted that ancient allegorical interpretation cannot simply be borrowed today since it often lacks a sense of historic change and development. This book is not about patristic reception of the Bible in Antioch and Alexandria, but the need to bring together in critical synthesis historical biblical methods that seek to understand the literal sense in all of its fullness and also incorporate methods of interpretation that take seriously the biblical texts as revelatory of God's word for our salvation. "Antioch" and "Alexandria" are representative in this book of interpretive stances that pay attention to historical context, change, and development and are open to transcendence in order to offer the salvific power of Scripture to readers in our own day.
Where are we to locate the Gospel of John within the complex history of early Christian thought and life? Can we discern, for example, some of the patterns of christological confession which immediately preceded the Evangelist's own labors, and are we thus able to see more clearly where John's remarkable and majestic views of Christ fit into the early history of christology? What kind of community was the church in which John lived and worked? Can we identify some of the formative events in its life, and piece together at least a partial picture of the community's history, so as to see how it was related both to the synagogue and to other Christian groups of its time? If we are to read and interpret the Gospel of John in its own setting, questions of this sort must be clearly posed, and they must be rigorously discussed on the basis of the text of the Gospel itself. The task is both crucial and demanding, and the present volume makes an important contribution to it by focusing on the issues of christology and ecclesiology. If other Johannine interpreters find here an angle of vision which is truly constructive for their own labors, the purpose of the volume will be fulfilled.
Recognized as an innovative interpreter of the Gospel of John, for decades Francis J. Moloney has approached the sacred literature in a way that attends both to the details of the text and to the several contexts that gave life to the original story. This “text and context” approach continues to enrich the reading and interpretation of the Gospel in today’s world. Gospel of John: Text and Context gathers Francis Moloney’s key studies on John’s Gospel written over the course of his career. The three sections of the work comprise studies of Johannine history, theology, and research; exegetical studies ranging across all parts of the Johannine narrative; and an exploration of how the Fourth Gospel came to be understood as sacred Scripture.