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The growth and impact of the multinational enterprise (MNE) in the post war period is one of the most important phenomena of our time. This volume, originally published in 1981 provides a comprehensive and detailed review of both the theoretical and policy issues at a time when the subject had reached a watershed, after the controversies of the 1970s. The book provides a balanced discussion of major themes such as the development of modern theories of international production; the impact of the MNE on the nation-state and the structure of the international market; the response of governments and the appropriate framework for policy measures; and the historical context and likely future of the MNE.
The first volume in the Palgrave Studies in Practice: Global Fashion Brand Management series, this book provides a comprehensive view on the internationalization of fashion brands, offering unique academic and managerial insights into how fashion brands in diverse sizes can build and sustain their businesses in competitive global marketplaces. It explores the theories and trends occurring within the fashion industry, one of the most active sectors of internationalization. The majority of global fashion brands operate beyond their home countries, yet not much is known about the ventures that generate more than half of their revenues. This book takes a critical look at the global-by-nature fashion industry through a collection of actual cases from multiple countries and cultural backgrounds.
Seminar paper from the year 2017 in the subject Business economics - Marketing, Corporate Communication, CRM, Market Research, Social Media, grade: 1,7, University of Applied Sciences Köln RFH, language: English, abstract: This paper seeks to analyze the internationalization process of the Spanish fashion retailer "Zara." It adopts an in-depth case approach based on extensive secondary research. The paper is organized into three parts: It begins with a brief overview of the global fashion and retail industry, as well as a short overview of the company itself. This is followed by the main part, which examines the key aspects in the internationalization of Zara, namely: chronological and geographical sequence, role of culture, EPRG scheme, entry strategies, timing and allocation, IMGT model and the form of organization. In the final section the current situation of Zara is discussed and the results of the case study are summarized and evaluated. Zara was founded in 1975, it became the flagship of Inditex. Inditex stands for Industria de Diseño Textil SA manufactures and sells clothing for men, women and children. Its brands include Zara, Pull and Bear, Massimo Dutti, Bershka, Stradivarius, Oysho and Zara Home. Zara was founded by Amancio Ortega Gaona in 1963 and is headquartered in A Coruna, Spain.Today Zara stores are located on every continent, with 2213 stores in 93 countries. In addition to that Zara also sells their products in 39 online markets. In 2016 the firm opened 51 new stores, including new countries like Aruba, Nicaragua, Vietnam, New Zealand and Paraguay. The Brand created its image and success with the way it kept up with street fashion in the changing times and how they take a look at how fashion is changing every day. New designs can be placed into stores within a week or two as a result of a fast fashion concept and manufacturing in Europe. This is Zara's competitive advantage bias its competitors like H&M or Mango. They would need up to six mon
"International Retailing reflects contemporary research and current practice, focusing on what is happening in the field, who is making it happen, why it is happening in the way it is, and how it is happening. Structured around four parts, this textbook guides students through the internationalization process, considering international markets, and how retail companies operate within them. It concludes by exploring future trends and challenges of the international retail marketplace." "The text is packed with a wealth of international examples and familiar case studies, clearly showing how the theory translated into practice."--BOOK JACKET.
'Oviatt and McDougall have produced a significant and supremely useful volume bringing together the best of the latest thinking and research on the topics and processes of international entrepreneurship, as well as some of the classics of the field. for serious students of this growing area of research, this volume makes getting up to speed on the topic a simple matter.' - Jerome Katz, Saint Louis University, US International entrepreneurship is becoming the focus for major research initiatives in universities throughout the world. This timely volume presents a careful selection of the most important articles on international entrepreneurship. the editors have chosen key contributions from a comprehensive range of sources and have successfully made a selection that represents a variety of different perspectives.
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Fashion Retail Supply Chain Management: A Systems Optimization Approach is a comprehensive reference source that provides the state-of-the-art findings on many important emerging research issues related to retail supply chain management and optimization problems. The book takes an explicit systems approach, and discusses retailled fashion supply ch
THE COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE TO MANAGING AND LEADING COMPANIES THAT COMPETE INTERNATIONALLY Drawing on the course material developed at the Harvard Business School and Yale School of Management by David Collis, International Strategy provides theoretical insight and pragmatic tools that address the decisions facing senior managers in multinational corporations. International Strategy explores the critical differences between domestic and international competition: the heterogeneity of markets in which companies are involved; the volatility of economic conditions that firms face; and the increased scale of activities fostered by global participation. The text examines how these phenomena create tensions and tradeoffs for executives concerning which product to offer around the world, which countries to compete in, where to locate various activities, and how to organize the firm worldwide. Making those choices in an integrated fashion, it is explained, requires pursuit of a coherent strategy that builds an international advantage. Filled with illustrative examples from a wide range of international companies, International Strategy, offers an accessible guide to help managers navigate the myriad decisions they must make in order to create value from their foreign operations and outperform competitors in an increasingly integrated world.
According to Pankaj Ghemawat, most economic activity - including direct investment, tourism, and communication - happens locally, not internationally. With this book, he offers practical management tools for operating across borders in a semi-globalized world.