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The papers presented at these meetings provide an updated review of the area and also cover a wide range of current research topics. This volume contains 46 selected papers covering the whole spectrum of modelling approaches, including analytical, empirical, semi-empirical and numerical models. A proportion of the papers deal with the energetics, dynamics and composition of just the thermosphere, whilst others are concerned with ionospheric behaviour at low, middle and high latitudes. Coupling phenomena figure prominently and numerical simulations are presented to show the coupling processes, feedback mechanisms and time delays associated with the interactions between the magnetosphere and ionosphere, the magnetosphere and thermosphere, and the mid-latitude ionosphere and plasmasphere.
The International Heliospheric Study is a program sponsored by COSPAR that exploits the unique scientific opportunities presented by the continuing operation of the four Pioneer and Voyager spacecraft which are all in or beyond the outer solar system. The heliosphere is the region of space surrounding the sun which is dominated by the solar wind and from which the local interstellar plasma and magnetic field are excluded. The multispacecraft studies which form the basis of the IHS encompass the structure and dynamics of the solar wind and its interaction with the interstellar medium including those components, neutral gas and galactic cosmic rays, which are able to penetrate into the heliosphere.