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The advent of highly precise space-based geodetic techniques has led to the application of these techniques to the solution of global earth and ocean problems. Now under consideration is a worldwide network of interconnected fiducial stations where geodetic as well as other scientific measurements can be made. This book discusses the science rationale behind the concept of an extensive global network of fiducial sites. It identifies geophysical problems that cannot be solved without a global approach and cites geodetic objectives that call for a global deployment of fiducial sites. It concludes with operations considerations and proposes a plan for development of the global network.
In this report, an ad hoc panel of the National Research Council's Committee on Geodesy, Board of Earth Sciences and Resources (1) evaluates the scientific importance of a global network of fiducial sites, monitored very precisely, using a combination of surface- and space-geodetic techniques; (2) examines strategies for implementing and operating such a network; and (3) assesses whether such a network would provide a suitable global infrastructure for geodetic and other geophysical systems of the next century. The panel concludes that a global network of fiducial sites would be a valuable tool for addressing global change issues and play a critical role in providing a reference frame for scientific Earth missions. The panel suggests that existing global networks be integrated and anticipates that such a network would grow from about 30 to the ultimate size of about 200 fiducial sites. It is noted that such a global network will provide a long-term infrastructure for geodetic and geophysical studies. The panel expects that these fiducial sites would evolve into terrestrial observatories or laboratories that would permit more comprehensive studies of the Earth than those now possible. Unspecified Center CHANGE DETECTION; EARTH (PLANET); ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; GEODESY; GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS; INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION; STANDARDS; EARTH RESOURCES; GEODETIC ACCURACY; GEODETIC SURVEYS; GEOPHYSICS; TECTONICS...
An in-depth description of the theory and mathematical models behind the application of the global positioning system in geodesy and geodynamics. The contributions by leading experts in the field ensure a continuous flow of ideas and developments. The mathematical models for GPS measurements are developed in the first half of the book, and these are followed by GPS solutions for geodetic applications on local, regional and global scales.
Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geodynamics Series, Volume 24. There are times in the history of a science when the evolving technology has been combined with a singleness of purpose to make possible the next great step. For space geodesy the decade of the 1980s was one of those times. Initiated in the early 1980s, the NASA Crustal Dynamics Project (CDP), a global venture of unprecedented proportions, exploited new technologies to confirm and refine tectonic theories and to advance geodynamics. The highlights of the efforts of scientists and engineers from some 30 countries are contained in the 54 papers collected in three volumes which are dedicated to the memory of Edward A. (Ted) Flinn, the former Chief Scientist of the NASA Geodynamics Program.
In this review talk, I would like to report on the proper motion analysis, which has been recently carried out together with M. Soma and M. Yoshizawa: There has been a persistent demand in astronomy for accurate stellar positions and proper motions, which are represented by an inertial reference system constructed on the basis of a set of consistent astronomical constants. In the reference system the precessional constant plays a primary role. In a series of papers Fricke (1967a,b, 1977a,b) has deter mined the luni-solar precessional correction to Newcomb's value and the fictitious motion of the equinox, which have been adopted in the "IAU (1976) System of Astronomical Con stants". Based on the precessional correction and the equinoctial motion thus established, the fundamental reference system, the FK5 system (Fricke et al. 1988) for positions and proper motions, has been constructed. However, for several years geodetic VLBI (McCarthy & Luzum 1991) and LLR (Williams et at. 1991) observations have been suggesting an additional correction to the luni-solar precessional constant of the IAU (1976) System. That is, these observations indicate the precessional correction of 6. p ~ -0:'30/cent to the FK5 system. But, the observational period ofthe earth orientation is considered to be still insufficient to separate unambiguously the precessional change of the earth orientation from the nutation with the longest period of 18. 6 years.