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Transport phenomena is used here to descril>e momentum, energy, mass, and entropy transfer (Bird et al. 1960, 1980). It includes thermodynamies, a special case of which is thermostatics. Interfacial transport phenomena refers to momentum, energy , mass, and entropy transfer within the immediate neighborhood of a phase interface, including the thermodynamies of the interface. In terms of qualitative physical observations, this is a very old field. Pliny the EIder (Gaius Plinius Secundus, 23-79 A.D.; Pliny 1938) described divers who released small quantities of oil from their mouths, in order to damp capillary ripples on the ocean surface and in this way provide more uniform lighting for their work. Similar stories were retold by Benjamin Franklin, who conducted experiments of his own in England (V an Doren 1938). In terms of analysis, this is a generally young field. Surface thermostatics developed relatively early, starting with Gibbs (1948) and continuing with important contributions by many others (see Chapter 5).
This is an extensively revised second edition of "Interfacial Transport Phenomena", a unique presentation of transport phenomena or continuum mechanics focused on momentum, energy, and mass transfer at interfaces. It discusses transport phenomena at common lines or three-phase lines of contact. The emphasis is upon achieving an in-depth understanding based upon first principles. It includes exercises and answers, and can serve as a graduate level textbook.
The present set of lectures and tutorial reviews deals with various topical aspects related to instabilities of interfacial processes and driven flows from both the theoretical and experimental point of views. New research has been spurred by demands for many applications in material sciences (melting, solidification, electro deposition), biomedical engineering and processing in microgravity environments. This book is intended as both a modern source of reference for researchers in the field as well as an introduction to postgraduate students and non-specialists from related areas.
Practical applications and examples highlight this treatment of computational modeling for handling complex flowfields. A reference for researchers and graduate students of many different backgrounds, it also functions as a text for learning essential computation elements. Drawing upon his own research, the author addresses both macroscopic and microscopic features. He begins his three-part treatment with a survey of the basic concepts of finite difference schemes for solving parabolic, elliptic, and hyperbolic partial differential equations. The second part concerns issues related to computational modeling for fluid flow and transport phenomena. In addition to a focus on pressure-based methods, this section also discusses practical engineering applications. The third and final part explores the transport processes involving interfacial dynamics, particularly those influenced by phase change, gravity, and capillarity. Case studies, employing previously discussed methods, demonstrate the interplay between the fluid and thermal transport at macroscopic scales and their interaction with the interfacial transport.