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Sustained drought in the Upper Colorado River Basin allowed native and nonnative plant species to colonize low-lying bar surfaces within the last five years. The effects of this vegetation at bar and reach scales were assessed by combining a 2-dimensional hydraulic model with models for rigid and flexible vegetation developed by Smith (2001; 2006). Modeling results showed that the vegetation characterized in 2005 produced the greatest reduction in velocity and shear stress (15% and 35% respectively) at flows equal to 28% of bankfull discharge. At the highest flow modeled (76% of bankfull discharge) the vegetation produced almost no change in velocity, but reduced the bed shear stress by 11%. While local effects on the bar were pronounced, overall flow patterns were not greatly changed in the reach. Additional model results simulating future growth of vegetation indicate significant increases in shear stress in the main channel, which could cause channel change.
Recent studies of past climate and streamflow conditions have broadened understanding of long-term water availability in the Colorado River, revealing many periods when streamflow was lower than at any time in the past 100 years of recorded flows. That information, along with two important trends-a rapid increase in urban populations in the West and significant climate warming in the region-will require that water managers prepare for possible reductions in water supplies that cannot be fully averted through traditional means. Colorado River Basin Water Management assesses existing scientific information, including temperature and streamflow records, tree-ring based reconstructions, and climate model projections, and how it relates to Colorado River water supplies and demands, water management, and drought preparedness. The book concludes that successful adjustments to new conditions will entail strong and sustained cooperation among the seven Colorado River basin states and recommends conducting a comprehensive basinwide study of urban water practices that can be used to help improve planning for future droughts and water shortages.
Rivers are important agents of change that shape the Earth's surface and evolve through time in response to fluctuations in climate and other environmental conditions. They are fundamental in landscape development, and essential for water supply, irrigation, and transportation. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the geomorphological processes that shape rivers and that produce change in the form of rivers. It explores how the dynamics of rivers are being affected by anthropogenic change, including climate change, dam construction, and modification of rivers for flood control and land drainage. It discusses how concern about environmental degradation of rivers has led to the emergence of management strategies to restore and naturalize these systems, and how river management techniques work best when coordinated with the natural dynamics of rivers. This textbook provides an excellent resource for students, researchers, and professionals in fluvial geomorphology, hydrology, river science, and environmental policy.
"This book fills an important gap with a clear and comprehensive explanation of how rivers are changed by human activity. The book also includes a generous selection of striking historical and contemporary photographs, maps, and diagrams that provide a fresh perspective on the extent to which the rivers of the Colorado Front Range have undergone change during the last two centuries."--BOOK JACKET.
Water quality and management are of great significance globally, as the demand for clean, potable water far exceeds the availability. Water science research brings together the natural and applied sciences, engineering, chemistry, law and policy, and economics, and the Treatise on Water Science seeks to unite these areas through contributions from a global team of author-experts. The 4-volume set examines topics in depth, with an emphasis on innovative research and technologies for those working in applied areas. Published in partnership with and endorsed by the International Water Association (IWA), demonstrating the authority of the content Editor-in-Chief Peter Wilderer, a Stockholm Water Prize recipient, has assembled a world-class team of volume editors and contributing authors Topics related to water resource management, water quality and supply, and handling of wastewater are treated in depth
A comprehensive overview of the geomorphological processes that shape rivers and that should be considered in river management.