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Welcome to the world of Analytical Instruments! In the ever-evolving landscape of science and technology, the ability to precisely measure, analyze, and interpret data is at the core of human progress. This book serves as your comprehensive guide to a diverse array of analytical instruments, each of which plays a crucial role in exploring, understanding, and advancing our understanding of the physical and chemical world. Analytical instruments have revolutionized our approach to research, industry, and quality control. They empower us to explore the elemental composition of matter, scrutinize molecular structures, examine the physical properties of materials, assess the purity of substances, and delve into the mysteries of the microscopic world. From Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectrometry to Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), from High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), and from Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) to Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), this book takes you on a journey through the rich tapestry of analytical techniques. In the pages that follow, you will find detailed insights into the history, principles, working mechanisms, calibration, methodologies, interpretation of results, and applications of each of these analytical instruments. The book's content is designed to cater to a wide audience, ranging from students and educators seeking foundational knowledge to seasoned scientists and researchers looking for a comprehensive reference. This book is not just a compendium of facts and figures but a gateway to understanding how these analytical instruments shape our scientific pursuits. Through this exploration, we hope to inspire the spirit of inquiry, critical thinking, and innovation that drives the world of analytical science. Our journey begins with the magnetic resonance magic of NMR, which unveils the secrets of molecular structures. We then venture into the world of mass spectrometry, where GC-MS offers insights into complex mixtures, while ICP-MS uncovers the elemental composition of matter. HPLC guides us through the intricate realm of liquid chromatography, and AAS helps us unravel the mysteries of atomic absorption. The wondrous world of vibrational spectroscopy is uncovered through FTIR, providing a window into chemical bonds and molecular identification. As we delve into the microscopic universe, the Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) and Spectroradiometer open our eyes to the realms of nanotechnology and optical measurement. Lastly, we test the mettle of materials through hardness testing and journey into the far reaches of time through radiometric dating with Osmium (Os) isotopes. The applications of these instruments span a multitude of fields, including chemistry, physics, biology, environmental science, material science, and engineering. They impact our daily lives, from the medicines we consume to the quality of the air we breathe and the safety of the products we use. By demystifying these instruments, we aim to bridge the gap between scientific knowledge and its practical applications, revealing their potential to solve complex problems and drive innovation. In a world where analytical instruments are instrumental in addressing critical global challenges, this book aims to be your compass and companion in the fascinating journey of analytical science. May it ignite your curiosity, deepen your understanding, and inspire you to embark on new scientific endeavours and discoveries. Let's embark on this enlightening journey through the realm of analytical instruments, where science meets technology to uncover the hidden mysteries of the world around us.
This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue Religious Experience in the Hindu Tradition that was published in Religions
Miombo woodlands and their use: overview and key issues. The ecology of miombo woodlands. Population biology of miombo tree. Miombo woodlands in the wider context: macro-economic and inter-sectoral influences. Rural households and miombo woodlands: use, value and management. Trade in woodland products from the miombo region. Managing miombo woodland. Institutional arrangements governing the use and the management of miombo woodlands. Miombo woodlands and rural livelihoods: options and opportunities.
"This book is the first peer-reviewed collection of papers focusing on the potential of myth storylines to yield data and lessons that are of value to the geological sciences. Building on the nascent discipline of geomythology, scientists and scholars from a variety of disciplines have contributed to this volume. The geological hazards (such as earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions and cosmic impacts) that have given rise to myths are considered, as are the sacred and cultural values associated with rocks, fossils, geological formations and landscapes. There are also discussions about the historical and literary perspectives of geomythology. Regional coverage includes Europe and the Mediterranean, Afghanistan, Cameroon, India, Australia, Japan, Pacific islands, South America and North America. Myth and Geology challenges the widespread notion that myths are fictitious or otherwise lacking in value for the physical sciences." -- BOOK JACKET.
Many times when the author saw the bedouins of southern Sinai excavate their wells in the crystalline rocks, from which this part of the peninsula is built, the story of Moses striking the rock to get water came to mind. The reader will, indeed, find in this book the description for a rather simple method by which to strike the rock to get water in the wilderness of Sinai. Yet this method was not invented by the author nor by any other modem hydrogeologist, but was a method that the author learned from the bedouins living in the crystalline mountains of southern Sinai. These bedouins, belonging to the tribe of the Gebelia (the "mountain people"), live around the monastery of Santa Katerina and, according to their tradition, which has been conftrmed by historical research, were once Christians who were brought by the Byzantine emperor, Justinian, from the Balkans in the 6th century A. D. to be servants to the priests of the monastery. They know how to discern places where veins of calcite fIlled the fractures of the granites; such places are a sign of an extinct spring. They also know how to distinguish an acid hard granite rock, and hard porphyry dike from a soft diabase dike. The latter indicated the location at which they should dig for water into the subsurface. In Chapter 9, the reader will ftnd a detailed description of how they used this knowledge to extract water from the rock.
In the midst of spiraling ecological devastation, multispecies feminist theorist Donna J. Haraway offers provocative new ways to reconfigure our relations to the earth and all its inhabitants. She eschews referring to our current epoch as the Anthropocene, preferring to conceptualize it as what she calls the Chthulucene, as it more aptly and fully describes our epoch as one in which the human and nonhuman are inextricably linked in tentacular practices. The Chthulucene, Haraway explains, requires sym-poiesis, or making-with, rather than auto-poiesis, or self-making. Learning to stay with the trouble of living and dying together on a damaged earth will prove more conducive to the kind of thinking that would provide the means to building more livable futures. Theoretically and methodologically driven by the signifier SF—string figures, science fact, science fiction, speculative feminism, speculative fabulation, so far—Staying with the Trouble further cements Haraway's reputation as one of the most daring and original thinkers of our time.
Mobile Museums presents an argument for the importance of circulation in the study of museum collections, past and present. It brings together an impressive array of international scholars and curators from a wide variety of disciplines – including the history of science, museum anthropology and postcolonial history - to consider the mobility of collections. The book combines historical perspectives on the circulation of museum objects in the past with contemporary accounts of their re-mobilisation, notably in the context of Indigenous community engagement. Contributors seek to explore processes of circulation historically in order to re-examine, inform and unsettle common assumptions about the way museum collections have evolved over time and through space. By foregrounding questions of circulation, the chapters in Mobile Museums collectively represent a fundamental shift in the understanding of the history and future uses of museum collections. The book addresses a variety of different types of collection, including the botanical, the ethnographic, the economic and the archaeological. Its perspective is truly global, with case studies drawn from South America, West Africa, Oceania, Australia, the United States, Europe and the UK. Mobile Museums helps us to understand why the mobility of museum collections was a fundamental aspect of their history and why it continues to matter today. Praise for Mobile Museums 'This book advances a paradigm shift in studies of museums and collections. A distinguished group of contributors reveal that collections are not dead assemblages. The nineteenth and twentieth centuries were marked by vigorous international traffic in ethnography and natural history specimens that tell us much about colonialism, travel and the history of knowledge – and have implications for the remobilisation of museums in the future.’ – Nicholas Thomas, University of Cambridge 'The first major work to examine the implications and consequences of the migration of materials from one scientific or cultural milieu to another, it highlights the need for a more nuanced understanding of collections and offers insights into their potential for future re-mobilisation.' – Arthur MacGregor
100 Atmospheres is an invitation to think differently. Through speculative, poetic, and provocative texts, thirteen writers and artists have come together to reflect on human relationships with other species and the planet.
Among ancient Mesoamerican and Southwestern peoples, water was as essential as maize for sustenance and was a driving force in the development of complex society. Control of water shaped the political, economic, and religious landscape of the ancient Americas, yet it is often overlooked in Precolumbian studies. Now one volume offers the latest thinking on water systems and their place within the ancient physical and mental language of the region. Precolumbian Water Management examines water management from both economic and symbolic perspectives. Water management facilities, settlement patterns, shrines, and water-related imagery associated with civic-ceremonial and residential architecture provide evidence that water systems pervade all aspects of ancient society. Through analysis of such data, the contributors seek to combine an understanding of imagery and the religious aspects of water with its functional components, thereby presenting a unified perspective of how water was conceived, used, and represented in ancient greater Mesoamerica. The collection boasts broad chronological and geographical coverageÑfrom the irrigation networks of Teotihuacan to the use of ritual water technology at Casas GrandesÑthat shows how procurement and storage systems were adapted to local conditions. The articles consider the mechanisms that were used to build upon the sacredness of water to enhance political authority through time and space and show that water was not merely an essential natural resource but an important spiritual one as well, and that its manipulation was socially far more complex than might appear at first glance. As these papers reveal, an understanding of materials associated with water can contribute much to the ways that archaeologists study ancient cultural systems. Precolumbian Water Management underscores the importance of water management research and the need to include it in archaeological projects of all types.