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The mission of the National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) is to extend the understanding of toroidal physics to low aspect ratio (R/a ≈ 1.25) in low collisionality regimes. NSTX is designed to operate with up to 6 MW of High Harmonic Fast Wave (HHFW) heating and current drive, 5 MW of Neutral Beam Injection (NBI), and Co-Axial Helicity Injection (CHI) for non-inductive startup. Initial experiments focused on establishing conditions that will allow NSTX to achieve its aims of simultaneous high-[beta]{sub t} and high-bootstrap current fraction, and to develop methods for non-inductive operation, which will be necessary for Spherical Torus power plants. Ohmic discharges with plasma currents up to 1 MA, stored energies up to 55 kJ, [beta]{sub t} ≈ 10%, and a range of shapes and configurations were produced. Density limits in deuterium and helium reached 80% and 120% of the Greenwald limit respectively. Significant electron heating was observed with up to 2.3 MW of HHFW. Up to 270 kA of toroidal current for up to 200 msec was produced noninductively using CHI. Initial NBI experiments were carried out with up to two beam sources (3.2 MW). Plasmas with stored energies of up to 140 kJ and [beta]{sub t}=21% were produced.
With a small, high-power density, and compact fusion core, Spherical Tori (ST) can provide an attractive path to a reactor or a volumetric neutron source. The National Spherical Torus Experiment (NSTX) is a proof-of-principle experiment that will explore the physics of low aspect ratio in scientifically interesting and aggressive regimes. To accomplish this mission, NSTX is designed to produce plasmas with R/a= 0.85 m/0.68 m[approximately] 1.25, I[sub p]= 1 MA, B[sub T][le] 0.6 T, [kappa][le] 2.2, [delta][le] 0.5, heating powers of up to 11 MW (6 MW High Harmonic Fast Waves, 5 MW, 80 keV, D[sup 0] Neutral Beam Injection), and operation over a wide range of shapes and configurations. The OH solenoid and PF coils on NSTX are capable of producing approximately 1 V-sec of inductive flux, which, alone, is sufficient for plasma breakdown and for increasing the plasma current to the MA level. Breakdown, however, will be assisted by EC preionization. Co-axial Helicity Injection (CHI)[sup 4] provides the opportunity for V-sec savings during breakdown as well as for completely non-inductive startup to about 500 kA.
General physics, atomic physics, molecular physics, and solid state physics.
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