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This book effectively challenges the conventional wisdom regarding the cluster-innovation relationship and provides convincing evidence to show that the prevailing theoretical models derived from AngloOCoAmerican experiences cannot be uncritically applied to Chinese reality. This book introduces a new theory of state-firm coordination to explain why and how some Chinese ICT firms have turned out to be more innovative than others. Perspectives from the viewpoint of economic geography, institutional economics, political science, and regulation theory have been provided to throw light on the enigma that is China's ICT industry. Empirically, the book provides state-of-the-art findings to clarify the confusion and misunderstanding about the exact nature of the ICT industry in China. This book has essentially set a new baseline and made definitive contribution to knowledge production about China's economic geography. Methodologically, it shows how original, critical, and independent research can be undertaken effectively and innovatively through cross-disciplinary theoretical interaction, deductive reasoning with hypotheses testing, combination of multiple means of data collection; integration of quantitative and qualitative methods; and structured presentation of research findings with extensive tabular, graphic, and cartographic illustrations.
Case studies that examine how firms coordinate economic activity in the face of asymmetric information—information not equally available to all parties—are the focus of this volume. In an ideal world, the market would be the optimal provider of coordination, but in the real world of incomplete information, some activities are better coordinated in other ways. Divided into three parts, this book addresses coordination within firms, at the borders of firms, and outside firms, providing a picture of the overall incidence and logic of economic coordination. The case studies—drawn from the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, when the modern business enterprise was evolving, address such issues as the relationship between coordination mechanisms and production techniques, the logic of coordination in industrial districts, and the consequences of regulation for coordination. Continuing the work on information and organization presented in the influential Inside the Business Enterprise, this book provides material for business historians and economists who want to study the development of the dissemination of information and the coordination of economic activity within and between firms.
International Encyclopedia of Human Geography, Second Edition, Fourteen Volume Set embraces diversity by design and captures the ways in which humans share places and view differences based on gender, race, nationality, location and other factors—in other words, the things that make people and places different. Questions of, for example, politics, economics, race relations and migration are introduced and discussed through a geographical lens. This updated edition will assist readers in their research by providing factual information, historical perspectives, theoretical approaches, reviews of literature, and provocative topical discussions that will stimulate creative thinking. Presents the most up-to-date and comprehensive coverage on the topic of human geography Contains extensive scope and depth of coverage Emphasizes how geographers interact with, understand and contribute to problem-solving in the contemporary world Places an emphasis on how geography is relevant in a social and interdisciplinary context
This is an open access book. As a leading role in the global megatrend of scientific innovation, China has been creating a more and more open environment for scientific innovation, increasing the depth and breadth of academic cooperation, and building a community of innovation that benefits all. These endeavors have made new contribution to globalization and creating a community of shared future. With the rapid development of modern economic society, in the process of economic management, informatization has become the mainstream of economic development in the future. At the same time, with the emergence of advanced management technologies such as blockchain technology and big data technology, real market information can be quickly obtained in the process of economic management, which greatly reduces the operating costs of the market economy and effectively enhances the management level of operators, thus contributing to the sustained, rapid and healthy development of the market economy. Under the new situation, the innovative application of economic management research is of great practical significance. 2022 International Conference on Bigdata, Blockchain and Economic Management (ICBBEM 2022) will be held on March 25–27, 2022 in Wuhan, China. ICBBEM 2022 will focus on the latest fields of Bigdata, Blockchain and Economic Management to provide an international platform for experts, professors, scholars and engineers from universities, scientific institutes, enterprises and government-affiliated institutions at home and abroad to share experiences, to expand professional fields, to exchange new ideas face to face, to present research results, and to discuss the key challenging issues and research directions facing the development of this field, with a view to promoting the development and application of theories and technologies in universities and enterprises.
In the context of the climate crisis, governments reached a consensus on promoting enterprises and organizations to take relevant carbon reduction actions in the United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP 26) held in Glasgow on November 1, 2021. The topic of carbon reduction will continue to be discussed at the 27th Conference of the Parties (COP27) of the United Nations Climate Change Conference in 2022. The international community expects all parties to truly implement their commitments to reduce emissions and take joint actions to effectively address the crises and challenges brought about by climate change. Carbon dioxide will lead to the global average temperature warming year by year. The use of coal, oil and natural gas and the emission of exhaust gas are the main driving factors of global warming. In addition, the causes of global warming also include the reduction of plants due to deforestation.
Regional economics – an established discipline for several decades – has undergone a period of rapid change in the last ten years resulting in the emergence of several new perspectives. At the same time the methodology of regional economics has also experienced some surprising developments. This fully revised and updated Handbook brings together contributions looking at new pathways in regional economics, written by many well-known international scholars. The aim is to present the most cutting-edge theories explaining regional growth and local development. The authors highlight the recent advances in theories, the normative potentialities of these theories and the cross-fertilization of ideas between regional and mainstream economists. It will be an essential source of reference and information for both scholars and students in the field.
When firms and people are located near each other in cities and in industrial clusters, they benefit in various ways, including by reducing the costs of exchanging goods and ideas. One might assume that these benefits would become less important as transportation and communication costs fall. Paradoxically, however, cities have become increasingly important, and even within cities industrial clusters remain vital. Agglomeration Economics brings together a group of essays that examine the reasons why economic activity continues to cluster together despite the falling costs of moving goods and transmitting information. The studies cover a wide range of topics and approach the economics of agglomeration from different angles. Together they advance our understanding of agglomeration and its implications for a globalized world.
The authors in this book regard the process of economic expansion as a non-homogeneous and multifaceted phenomenon which has deeply affected human welfare, and cultural, social and political change. The book is a bridge between the theorists (Rosenstein-Rodan, Lewis, Myrdal, and Hirschmann) who in the post-war period analyzed regional inequalities, structural change and dualism, and the modern literature on economic growth. The latter has emphasized the existence of multiple equilibria, bifurcations and various types of dynamic complexity, and clarified the conditions for the emergence of phenomena such as cumulative causation, path dependence and hysteresis. These are the typical ingredients of structural change, economic development or underdevelopment.
This handbook is a reference for those interested in information technologies and emerging management practices in China. The emphasis on information technologies and management provides a unique proposition and gives characteristics of flexibility and adoption to diverse audiences. The subject area is a combination of global information technology and management along with strategic management of IT. The handbook exploits state-of-the-art and emerging trends in theory and technology. This handbook is primarily designed for a professional and academic audience.