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This book examines India's export performance and export policies in the 1960s. The author analyses the causal factors underlying the trends in exports and evaluates the government policies which affected them. This authoritative work will be of interest to all those concerned with Indian economic problems, international trade and development economics.
For about 40 years, foreign trade of India suffered from strict bureaucratic and discretionary controls. Beginning in 1991, the government introduced a series of reforms to liberalize and globalize the Indian economy. Reforms in the external sector were intended to integrate the country's economy with the world economy. The major trade policy changes in the post-1991 period have included simplification of procedures, removal of quantitative restrictions, and substantial reduction in the tariff rates. The products wherein India has the maximum presence in the international market in terms of export share are spices, marine products, precious/semi-precious stones, and textiles. Recent trends, however, indicate that the commodity structure of India's exports has slowly begun to shift towards higher technology intensive manufacturing. This book focuses on the country's export policy, since the greatest challenge facing its economy is to enhance its productivity and competitiveness, so as to achieve a sustained growth in the exports of goods and services. [Subject: India Studies, Economics, Trade]
Over the last 60 years, India's foreign trade has undergone a complete change in terms of composition and direction. The exports cover a wide range of traditional and non-traditional items while imports consist mainly of capital goods, petroleum products, raw materials, and chemicals to meet the ever-increasing needs of a developing and diversifying economy. In recognition of the growing importance of the foreign trade in driving the economy, this book describes and examines changes in the pattern of India's foreign trade since Independence in 1947, with focus on post-1991 developments. The book addresses issues related to trade policy, export strategy, tariff policy, current account dynamics, exchange rate management, foreign exchange reserves, capital account liberalization, external debt and aid, foreign investments (both direct and portfolio), and the WTO.