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Unearthing Indian Land offers a comprehensive examination of the consequencesof more than a century of questionable public policies. In this book,Kristin Ruppel considers the complicated issues surrounding American Indianland ownership in the United States. Under the General Allotment Act of 1887, also known as the Dawes Act,individual Indians were issued title to land allotments while so-called ÒsurplusÓIndian lands were opened to non-Indian settlement. During the forty-seven yearsthat the act remained in effect, American Indians lost an estimated 90 millionacres of landÑabout two-thirds of the land they had held in 1887. Worse, theloss of control over the land left to them has remained an ongoing and insidiousresult. Unearthing Indian Land traces the complex legacies of allotment, includingnumerous instructive examples of a policy gone wrong. Aside from the initialcatastrophic land loss, the fractionated land ownership that resulted from theactÕs provisions has disrupted native families and their descendants for morethan a century. With each new generation, the owners of tribal lands grow innumber and therefore own ever smaller interests in parcels of land. It is not uncommonnow to find reservation allotments co-owned by hundreds of individuals.Coupled with the federal governmentÕs troubled trusteeship of Indian assets,this means that Indian landowners have very little control over their own lands. Illuminated by interviews with Native American landholders, this book isessential reading for anyone who is interested in what happened as a result of thefederal governmentÕs quasi-privatization of native lands.
These thirteen essays, taken from the pages of South Dakota History, the quarterly journal of the South Dakota State Historical Society, explore modern American Indian political and cultural life, in five themed sections, contributors examine the tremendous changes the Sioux experienced during the twentieth century. The political and social ramifications of land heirship, the damming of the Missouri River, and shifting federal policies are among topics discussed. Health care, recreation, and education are viewed through the windows of a psychiatric facility, reservation rodeos, and the experiences of a day-school teacher. The tumultuous build-up to the violence at Wounded Knee in 1973 is covered, as well, along with issues surrounding land allotment and efforts to eradicate tuberculosis. Editor Richmond L. Clow contributes an introduction and afterword providing context for the essays and suggesting avenues for further study.
An analysis of gender and property throughout South Asia which argues that the most important economic factor affecting women is the gender gap in command over property.