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In the context of life and civilization, the pharmaceutical industry is as old as human existence. Since time immemorial India had its own enriched indigenous tradition of medicine. The development of alchemy and its application for human welfare was also an important step in Indian scientific tradition. The present monograph is an innovative attempt to understand the history of the indigenous pharmaceutical companies in Calcutta during the colonial times. Here pharmaceutical companies have been viewed as an illumi­nating lens to understand the interconnectedness between Indian traditions of thought and Western science and subsequent develop­ment of pharmaceutical industry in colonial India. The entire gamut of discussion centres around the issues of medical education, medical services, public health, pharmaceuti­cal profession and politico-economic contexts of the development of pharmaceutical industry in colonial India. Three indigenous pharmaceuticals namely – Butto Krishna Paul & Co., Bengal Chemical & Pharmaceutical Works Limited, and East India Pharmaceutical Works Limited have been studied. The study not only portrays the politico-economic back­ground to the emergence of the pharmaceutical industry in colonial India but links it to the economic nationalism and the quest for self-sufficiency among Indian nationalists and entrepreneurs. The pharmaceutical industry in India can be symbolic of a cultural re­sponse to modern science which was to pave the subsequent trajectory of national scientific endeavours in India. Please note: Taylor & Francis does not sell or distribute the Hardback in India, Pakistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka.
This book is a comprehensive reference on one of the most exciting and challenging segments of the modern chemical industry. It comprises descriptions of the leading fine chemical companies, the products, markets and technologies on a global basis. It serves also as a guide for developing and succeeding in the $60 billion fine chemicals business, which is usually lumped into the chemical or pharmaceutical industry.
The Indian pharmaceutical market ranks as the world's third largest in terms of volume, and has been growing at an annual rate of over 10 per cent over the last decade. Pharmaceutical policy in India is perceived primarily from an industrial perspective rather than a health sector priority, and is governed by a complex variety of laws and policies. This report reviews recent policy initiatives and their economic and health sector implications. It considers the profound gap that exists between the benefits which pharmaceuticals have to offer, and the reality that for millions of poor people in India medicines are often unaffordable, unsafe or improperly used. The report outlines some strategic options that could strengthen India's ability to ensure the availability, affordability, quality and rational use of essential medicines on a sustainable basis, using a mix of public and private sector resources.
Discussing the technological supremacy of the chemical industry, including pharmaceuticals, and how it will adopt a leading position to solve some of the largest global challenges humans have even seen, this book details how the industry will address climate change, aging populations, resource scarcity, globality, networks speed, pandemics, and massive growth and demand. Following a detailed introduction to some of the megatrends shaping our world over the forthcoming decades, the book goes on to provide several scenarios of how the world could look by 2050, including 'business as usual' and a 'sustainable' one. Chapter 3 gives a comprehensive overview of the current status, while providing a short historical review of the chemical industry, its origins, achievements and fundamentals. The following chapter reviews the potential impact of each of the selected megatrends on the industry, while Chapter 5 proposes how it could look by 2050. Several features of the chemical industry are presented and discussed, including the industrial relevance from an economical, technological and profitability point of view. The largest chemicals markets in absolute and per capita bases and the areas and countries with largest growth potential for chemicals, pharmaceuticals and feedstock. This chapter also reviews the impact of climate change on the chemical industry from a feedstocks and products point of view and, more specifically, the potential costs in reducing CO2 emissions. A final, concluding chapter summarizes the forthcoming megatrends and potential challenges, opportunities and the outlook for the industry as a whole.
This open access book presents the proceedings of the 3rd Indo-German Conference on Sustainability in Engineering held at Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, India, on September 16–17, 2019. Intended to foster the synergies between research and education, the conference is one of the joint activities of the BITS Pilani and TU Braunschweig conducted under the auspices of Indo-German Center for Sustainable Manufacturing, established in 2009. The book is divided into three sections: engineering, education and entrepreneurship, covering a range of topics, such as renewable energy forecasting, design & simulation, Industry 4.0, and soft & intelligent sensors for energy efficiency. It also includes case studies on lean and green manufacturing, and life cycle analysis of ceramic products, as well as papers on teaching/learning methods based on the use of learning factories to improve students’problem-solving and personal skills. Moreover, the book discusses high-tech ideas to help the large number of unemployed engineering graduates looking for jobs become tech entrepreneurs. Given its broad scope, it will appeal to academics and industry professionals alike.
A guide to the development and manufacturing of pharmaceutical products written for professionals in the industry, revised second edition The revised and updated second edition of Chemical Engineering in the Pharmaceutical Industry is a practical book that highlights chemistry and chemical engineering. The book’s regulatory quality strategies target the development and manufacturing of pharmaceutically active ingredients of pharmaceutical products. The expanded second edition contains revised content with many new case studies and additional example calculations that are of interest to chemical engineers. The 2nd Edition is divided into two separate books: 1) Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API’s) and 2) Drug Product Design, Development and Modeling. The active pharmaceutical ingredients book puts the focus on the chemistry, chemical engineering, and unit operations specific to development and manufacturing of the active ingredients of the pharmaceutical product. The drug substance operations section includes information on chemical reactions, mixing, distillations, extractions, crystallizations, filtration, drying, and wet and dry milling. In addition, the book includes many applications of process modeling and modern software tools that are geared toward batch-scale and continuous drug substance pharmaceutical operations. This updated second edition: Contains 30new chapters or revised chapters specific to API, covering topics including: manufacturing quality by design, computational approaches, continuous manufacturing, crystallization and final form, process safety Expanded topics of scale-up, continuous processing, applications of thermodynamics and thermodynamic modeling, filtration and drying Presents updated and expanded example calculations Includes contributions from noted experts in the field Written for pharmaceutical engineers, chemical engineers, undergraduate and graduate students, and professionals in the field of pharmaceutical sciences and manufacturing, the second edition of Chemical Engineering in the Pharmaceutical Industryf ocuses on the development and chemical engineering as well as operations specific to the design, formulation, and manufacture of drug substance and products.
Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products Waste Management and Treatment Technology: Emerging Contaminants and Micro Pollutants provides the tools and techniques for identifying these contaminates and applying the most effective technology for their remediation, recovery and treatment. The consumption of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) has grown significantly over the last 35 years, thus increasing their potential risk to the environment. As PPCPs are very difficult to detect and remove using conventional wastewater treatment methods, this book provides solutions to a growing problem. - Includes sampling, analytical and characterization methods and technology for detecting PPCPs in the environment - Provides advanced treatment and disposal technologies for the removal of PPCPs from wastewater, surface water, landfills and septic systems - Examines the pathways of PPCPs into the environment
A guide to the important chemical engineering concepts for the development of new drugs, revised second edition The revised and updated second edition of Chemical Engineering in the Pharmaceutical Industry offers a guide to the experimental and computational methods related to drug product design and development. The second edition has been greatly expanded and covers a range of topics related to formulation design and process development of drug products. The authors review basic analytics for quantitation of drug product quality attributes, such as potency, purity, content uniformity, and dissolution, that are addressed with consideration of the applied statistics, process analytical technology, and process control. The 2nd Edition is divided into two separate books: 1) Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API’s) and 2) Drug Product Design, Development and Modeling. The contributors explore technology transfer and scale-up of batch processes that are exemplified experimentally and computationally. Written for engineers working in the field, the book examines in-silico process modeling tools that streamline experimental screening approaches. In addition, the authors discuss the emerging field of continuous drug product manufacturing. This revised second edition: Contains 21 new or revised chapters, including chapters on quality by design, computational approaches for drug product modeling, process design with PAT and process control, engineering challenges and solutions Covers chemistry and engineering activities related to dosage form design, and process development, and scale-up Offers analytical methods and applied statistics that highlight drug product quality attributes as design features Presents updated and new example calculations and associated solutions Includes contributions from leading experts in the field Written for pharmaceutical engineers, chemical engineers, undergraduate and graduation students, and professionals in the field of pharmaceutical sciences and manufacturing, Chemical Engineering in the Pharmaceutical Industry, Second Edition contains information designed to be of use from the engineer's perspective and spans information from solid to semi-solid to lyophilized drug products.
The dean of business historians continues his masterful chronicle of the transforming revolutions of the twentieth century begun in Inventing the Electronic Century. Alfred Chandler argues that only with consistent attention to research and development and an emphasis on long-term corporate strategies could firms remain successful over time. He details these processes for nearly every major chemical and pharmaceutical firm, demonstrating why some companies forged ahead while others failed. By the end of World War II, the chemical and pharmaceutical industries were transformed by the commercializing of new learning, the petrochemical and the antibiotic revolutions. But by the 1970s, chemical science was no longer providing the new learning necessary to commercialize more products, although new directions flourished in the pharmaceutical industries. In the 1980s, major drug companies, including Eli Lilly, Merck, and Schering Plough, commercialized the first biotechnology products, and as the twenty-first century began, the infrastructure of this biotechnology revolution was comparable to that of the second industrial revolution just before World War I and the information revolution of the 1960s. Shaping the Industrial Century is a major contribution to our understanding of the most dynamic industries of the modern era.