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Health crises plague most economies irrespective of their average per capita income levels, and this is largely due to chronic and repeated illnesses. Contextualizing this paradigm in India, India Public Finance and Policy Report: Health Matters is an attempt to discuss some of the most crucial issues faced by Indian health sectors and to examine alternatives for policymakers to provide affordable, reliable, and effective healthcare facilities to the people. This report compares three government-run social health insurance schemes—the Swasthya Sathi Scheme, the Aarogyasri Community Insurance Scheme, and a community-based health insurance scheme—to examine their effectiveness in reducing households’ vulnerability to health shocks. Additionally, it brings to light the manipulation of health package deals by private hospitals to increase the amount patients spend on them. The report also estimates the inefficiencies across states and districts of India with regard to healthcare personnel and infrastructure. Moreover, the editors have put together a series of interviews with different stakeholders associated with the healthcare system, such as doctors, nurses, patients, and medical representatives, who discuss the problems that perturb this sector. Written in a lucid and non-technical language, this is a deeply researched theoretical and empirical commentary about healthcare and public polices in India.
These papers examine aspects of fiscal reform in India while focusing on issues of policy relevance.
Traditionally The Term Public Finance Has Been Applied To The Package Of Those Policies And Operations Which Involve The Use Of Tax And Expenditure Measures, While Budgetary Policy Is An Important Part To Understand The Basic Problems Of Use Of Resources, Distribution Of Income, Etc. There Is A Vast Array Of Fiscal Institutions Tax Systems, Expenditure Programmes, Budgetary Procedures, Stabilization Instruments, Public Debt Policies, Level Of Government, Etc., Which Raise A Spectrum Of Issues Arising From The Operation Of These Institutions. Further, The Existence Of Externalities, Concern For Adjustment In The Distribution Of Income And Wealth, Removal Of Poverty, Etc., Require Political Process For Their Solutions In A Manner Which Combines Individual Freedom And Justice. The Problem Of Allocation Of Resources Between Public Goods And Private Goods Is A Perennial Problem. Then In A Democracy There Is A Political Process Of Voting To Decide About The Budgetary Policy To Be Adopted. Therefore, Now More Attention Is Paid To A Wider Coverage Of Government Activities Relating To Financial Aspects And The Subject Is Known As Public Economics .The Present Book Is An Excellent Presentation Of Fiscal Institutions And A Careful Analysis Of The Issues Underlining Budgetary Policies In General And Indian Experience In Particular. Based On The Curriculum Prescribed By The University Grants Commission (Ugc), It Ideally Caters To The Academic Needs Of Postgraduate Students Of Public Economics. Apart From The Traditional Topics Of Public Finance, I.E. Taxation, Public Expenditure, Public Debt, Fiscal Policy, Federalism, Etc., The Book Contains Chapters On Public Sector Vs. Private Sector, Theory Of Public Choice And Changing Perspective About The Role Of The Government. Special Focus Of The Book Is On Indian Public Finances Including The Fiscal Crisis Of 1991 And Fiscal Sector Reforms.
"In spite of extensive fiscal reforms undertaken during the nineties, Indias public finances face numerous problems. While the taxation system remains distortionary and fragmented, government expenditures remain inefficient in providing public and merit goods to the desired extent. Vertical imbalance and horizontal disparities characterise the federal fiscal system. The fiscal reform years have witnessed a sharp rise in the fiscal imbalance and deterioration in state finances. his book undertakes a comprehensive review of the contemporary issues in Indias public finances within a long-term perspective tracing its evolution since 1950-51. It critically analyses the causes of fiscal imbalance, the tensions that prevail in centre-state financial relations, the progress of decentralization, and issues related with the structure of taxation as well as government expenditures. It examines the impact of public finances on the macro economy and looks at fiscal policy options for growth, stability and poverty alleviation. "
'Studies in Indian Public Finance' presents a comprehensive analysis of public spending and its financing in India. The book underlines the need to contain deficits and debt.--
Contributed articles.
Addresses Issues Such As-Sustainablity Of Fiscal Deficits, The Role Of Tax Enhancing Measures, Cuts In Government Spacing, The Impact Of Government Spacing On Economic Growth And The Agenda For Policy Makers In The Future. Contains 12 Papers.
Cover -- India's Fiscal Policy -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- Disclaimer -- Introduction: Contours of the Indian Fiscal Policy Debate -- Notes -- 1 Fiscal Policy in India Trends and Trajectory -- Introduction -- Basic concepts and analytical framework -- India's fiscal policy architecture -- Evolution of Indian fiscal policy till 1991 -- Liberalization, growth, inclusion and fiscal consolidation (1991-2008) -- Crisis and return to fiscal consolidation: The maturing of Indian fiscal policy -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 2 Decentralization, Indirect Tax Reform and Fiscal Federalism in India -- Introduction -- Economic disparity across Indian states -- The GST and the role of the FC -- Some recent reforms in indirect taxation and their beneficial effects -- Some remaining issues with the indirect tax structure -- Agenda for indirect tax reform -- Structure of transfers from the central government to state governments -- FC transfers -- PC transfers -- Centrally sponsored schemes -- Transfers to PRIs and urban bodies -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- 3 Fiscal Implications of Energy Subsidies -- Introduction -- Petroleum subsidies -- Subsidies in the coal sector -- Subsidies in the power sector -- Renewable energy sector -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- 4 Fiscal Implications of Food Security in India: A Critical Review -- Introduction -- Concept of food security -- Fiscal policy and food security in India -- Food security policies in some countries -- Bangladesh -- Bhutan -- Maldives -- Nepal -- Pakistan -- Sri Lanka -- Review of food security policies in India -- On availability -- On access -- Antyodaya Anna Yojana -- On nutrition -- Integrated child development services -- Mid-day meal scheme -- Social security through MGNREGS -- NFSA, 2013: What are the macro-fiscal impacts?
Government is a major player in the development of an economy. Government's public financial operations involving mobilization of revenue, and its spending has considerable implications on the growth, distribution and stability necessitating a careful study to enable informed mid course policy corrections to the macroeconomic developments. A critical review of public expenditure is imperative in ensuring optimal use of public resources for the maximization of welfare. The book provides an empirical understanding of historical trends and composition of public expenditure at the central and the sub national levels; the effectiveness of public expenditure control systems and accountability issues; the political economy of spending decisions; public expenditure reforms undertaken in India and international best options that can guide the corrective process in India. Given the global shift in focus from 'outlays' to 'outcomes' it is important to put in place a sound framework to track the results of government expenditure programs to guide the informed expenditure decision making process. The book documents the features of useful frameworks and steps involved in adopting a robust results framework. Fiscal management of Covid-19 is an important component of the book. The purpose of this volume is to reach out a comprehensive and updated understanding of empirical issues in public expenditure and its management in India to the students of Public Finance.