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An analysis was conducted to assess the effect of shifting program emphasis to promulgate traffic control device improvements on all public roads. Upgrading and optimizing the highway information system was evaluated in terms of human factors, safety, benefit-cost, and traffic engineering. It was found that those portions of the highway system not in compliance with the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) would experience significant safety benefits and improved system efficiency through upgrading to current standards.
Expectancy relates to a driver's readiness to respond to situations, events, and information in predictable and successful ways. This report describes the concept of driver expectancy in the context of the driving task, and provides examples of expectancy and expectancy violations. It includes a procedure for identifying general and specific expectancy violations to enable engineers to develop remedial treatments to deal with expectancy problems.