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It has been argued that the reason seventy percent of all IT projects fail is due to lack of a formal system for guiding and monitoring IT decisions. Organisations having explicit IT governance systems are generally twice as successful as those with poor governance, given the same strategic objectives, but implementing IT governance can be difficult. In this book, Dr. Ogland looks at the public sector and argues that the implementation of IT governance has to be done through bootstrapping. The bootstrap algorithm (BA) is a time-tested approach that is known to work, but it is an approach that breaks with much of the logic of the public sector bureaucracy and is expected to be met with resistance. By analysing patterns in a study of trying to convince a Norwegian public sector organisation to implement IT governance through the use of the BA, the book is able to provide rich insights on what causes failure and how to make the implementation process succeed.
This PhD thesis contributes to the theory of information infrastructures by explaining how to use game theory and genetic algorithms for turning the pseudo-code of the bootstrap algorithm into proper code. The study is the first known study to analyse the bootstrap algorithm from an action research perspective, and it has become an important reference for further research on how to bootstrap information infrastructures.
Living theory is a way of making use of personal accounts of experienced practice. As the Pac-Man perspective on organisational change helps the change agent articulate the personal values he is committed to and how these values may be resisted in practice, living theory is useful for developing knowledge that has a practical impact on self-improvement and social change, but it is also a type of theory that is difficult to publish in academic outlets. As a consequence of this, publishing Pac-Man living-theory research becomes a Pac-Man game in itself, with the journal editors as one of the four adversary gatekeepers, but it is a rewarding game for those who want to contribute both theoretically and practically on how to make the world a better place.
Part of the premise of the online discussion transcribed in this book is how Gerry Anderson's television series 'Space: 1999' can be understood in relation to Stanley Kubrick's '2001: A Space Odyssey' by looking at both narratives through the perspective of systems theory. As a result of doing so, an engaged debate concerned with the political and philosophical subtext of both stories developed. This book gives a full account of the debate with summaries of ideas and insights. The book has been developed on an idealistic basis. It is sold at the lowest price the publisher was willing to accept. A free e-book version can be downloaded at www.lulu.com.
2007b: 115 ff.; Jansen 2007c: 236 ff.). “Governance patterns” here means a chain of interconnected mechanisms which can be observed empirically. “Governance p- terns” can be roughly de?ned as “complex regulatory structures coordinating the actions of interdependent actors”. Governance patterns can relate to hierarchical as well as to lateral coordination mechanisms. Enforcement can be based on law, p- fessional norms or informal and implicit norms or customs. Moreover, the regulatory structures or individual mechanisms inside them can be established and sanctioned by public as well as by private actors. There is in fact not necessarily an actor in charge of controlling outcomes as for instance in market competition. In the next section, I will introduce the reader to the changing role of the state in science policy. The third section presents the governance model for the p- lic research sector which was developed by the research group and underlies the 1 contributions in this anthology. The ?nal section gives an overview of the papers.
This book constitutes the proceedings of the First International Conference on Spatial Data and Intelligence, SpatialDI 2020, which was held on May 8-9, 2020. The conference was planned to take place in Shenzhen, China, and changed to an online format due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The 21 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 50 submissions. They were organized in topical sections named: traffic management; data science; and visualization science.
Sustainable Collaboration in Business, Technology, Information and Innovation (SCBTII 2020) Proceeding’s topic deals with ``Synergizing Management, Technology and Innovation in Generating Sustainable and Competitive Business Growth``. This proceeding offers valuable knowledge on how research can be applied to support the government by introducing a policy of economic transformation in solving various challenges and driving the business sector to gain the ability to create sustainable competitive advantages, which will lead to sustainable, competitive and quality growth. The subjects in this Proceeding are classified into four tracks: Strategy, Entrepreneurship, Economics; Digital-Based Management; Finance and Corporate Governance; and Accounting. These valuable researches inside this proceeding can help academicians, professionals, entrepreneurs, researchers, learners, and other related groups from around the world who have special interest in theories and practices in the field of digital economy for global competitiveness.
“Blockchains will matter crucially; this book, beautifully and clearly written for a wide audience, powerfully demonstrates how.” —Lawrence Lessig “Attempts to do for blockchain what the likes of Lawrence Lessig and Tim Wu did for the Internet and cyberspace—explain how a new technology will upend the current legal and social order... Blockchain and the Law is not just a theoretical guide. It’s also a moral one.” —Fortune Bitcoin has been hailed as an Internet marvel and decried as the preferred transaction vehicle for criminals. It has left nearly everyone without a computer science degree confused: how do you “mine” money from ones and zeros? The answer lies in a technology called blockchain. A general-purpose tool for creating secure, decentralized, peer-to-peer applications, blockchain technology has been compared to the Internet in both form and impact. Blockchains are being used to create “smart contracts,” to expedite payments, to make financial instruments, to organize the exchange of data and information, and to facilitate interactions between humans and machines. But by cutting out the middlemen, they run the risk of undermining governmental authorities’ ability to supervise activities in banking, commerce, and the law. As this essential book makes clear, the technology cannot be harnessed productively without new rules and new approaches to legal thinking. “If you...don’t ‘get’ crypto, this is the book-length treatment for you.” —Tyler Cowen, Marginal Revolution “De Filippi and Wright stress that because blockchain is essentially autonomous, it is inflexible, which leaves it vulnerable, once it has been set in motion, to the sort of unforeseen consequences that laws and regulations are best able to address.” —James Ryerson, New York Times Book Review
Statistical agencies, research organizations, companies, and other data stewards that seek to share data with the public face a challenging dilemma. They need to protect the privacy and confidentiality of data subjects and their attributes while providing data products that are useful for their intended purposes. In an age when information on data subjects is available from a wide range of data sources, as are the computational resources to obtain that information, this challenge is increasingly difficult. The Handbook of Sharing Confidential Data helps data stewards understand how tools from the data confidentiality literature—specifically, synthetic data, formal privacy, and secure computation—can be used to manage trade-offs in disclosure risk and data usefulness. Key features: • Provides overviews of the potential and the limitations of synthetic data, differential privacy, and secure computation • Offers an accessible review of methods for implementing differential privacy, both from methodological and practical perspectives • Presents perspectives from both computer science and statistical science for addressing data confidentiality and privacy • Describes genuine applications of synthetic data, formal privacy, and secure computation to help practitioners implement these approaches The handbook is accessible to both researchers and practitioners who work with confidential data. It requires familiarity with basic concepts from probability and data analysis.
This PhD thesis contributes to the theory of information infrastructures by explaining how to use game theory and genetic algorithms for turning the pseudo-code of the bootstrap algorithm into proper code. The study is the first known study to analyse the bootstrap algorithm from an action research perspective, and it has become an important reference for further research on how to bootstrap information infrastructures.