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Proceedings held May 1989. Topics include temporal logic, hierarchical knowledge bases, default theories, nonmonotonic and analogical reasoning, formal theories of belief revision, and metareasoning. Annotation copyright Book News, Inc. Portland, Or.
First Published in 1988. A collection of papers, presentations and poster summaries from the tenth annual conference of the Cognitive Science Society in Montreal, Canada August 1988.
Readings in Qualitative Reasoning about Physical Systems describes the automated reasoning about the physical world using qualitative representations. This text is divided into nine chapters, each focusing on some aspect of qualitative physics. The first chapter deal with qualitative physics, which is concerned with representing and reasoning about the physical world. The goal of qualitative physics is to capture both the commonsense knowledge of the person on the street and the tacit knowledge underlying the quantitative knowledge used by engineers and scientists. The succeeding chapter discusses the qualitative calculus and its role in constructing an envisionment that includes behavior over both mythical time and elapsed time. These topics are followed by reviews of the mathematical aspects of qualitative reasoning, history-based simulation and temporal reasoning, as well as the intelligence in scientific computing. The final chapters are devoted to automated modeling for qualitative reasoning and causal explanations of behavior. These chapters also examine the qualitative kinematics of reasoning about shape and space. This book will prove useful to psychologists and psychiatrists.
The focus of this volume is ``Heterogeneous Knowledge and Problem Solving Integration'', i.e. the combined use of different knowledge representation and problem solving paradigms.This is a central topic for the design and implementation of problem solving systems, since, from a pragmatic and engineering standpoint, the solution of a large class of problems cannot take place within one single representation language or problem solving paradigm. Heterogeneous systems represent not only a pragmatic answer, but also a theoretical alternative to the homogeneous paradigms.
Artificial intelligence is a branch of computer science and a discipline in the study of machine intelligence, that is, developing intelligent machines or intelligent systems imitating, extending and augmenting human intelligence through artificial means and techniques to realize intelligent behavior.Advanced Artificial Intelligence consists of 16 chapters. The content of the book is novel, reflects the research updates in this field, and especially summarizes the author's scientific efforts over many years. The book discusses the methods and key technology from theory, algorithm, system and applications related to artificial intelligence. This book can be regarded as a textbook for senior students or graduate students in the information field and related tertiary specialities. It is also suitable as a reference book for relevant scientific and technical personnel.
This book contains the written record of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Traditional and Non-Traditional Robotic Sensors held in the Hotel Villa del Mare, Maratea, Italy, August 28 - September 1, 1989. This workshop was organized under the auspicies of the NATO Special Program on Sensory Systems for Robotic Control. Professor Frans Groen from the University of Amsterdam and Dr. Gert Hirzinger from the German Aerospace Research Establishment (DLR) served as members of the organizing committee for this workshop. Research in the area of robotic sensors is necessary in order to support a wide range of applications, including: industrial automation, space robotics, image analysis, microelectronics, and intelligent sensors. This workshop focused on the role of traditional and non-traditional sensors in robotics. In particular, the following three topics were explored: - Sensor development and technology, - Multisensor integration techniques, - Application area requirements which motivate sensor development directions. This workshop'brought together experts from NATO countries to discuss recent developments in these three areas. Many new directions (or new directions on old problems) were proposed. Existing sensors should be pushed into new application domains such as medical robotics and space robotics.
Theoretical Aspects of Reasoning About Knowledge: Proceedings of the 1986 Conference focuses on the principles, methodologies, approaches, and concepts involved in reasoning about knowledge. The selection first provides an overview of reasoning about knowledge, varieties of self-reference, and pegs and alecs. Topics covered include data semantics, partial objects and identity, circumstance, self, and causal connection, structure of circumstance, varieties and limits of self-reference, problem of logical omniscience, and knowledge, communication, and action. The book then explores reasoning about knowledge in artificial intelligence; synthesis of digital machines with provable epistemic properties; and a first order theory of planning, knowledge, and action. The publication ponders on the consistency of syntactical treatments of knowledge, foundations of knowledge for distributed systems, knowledge and implicit knowledge in a distributed environment, and the logic of distributed protocols. Topics include formal syntax and semantics, structure of models, message-based knowledge worlds, changing the class of messages, implicit knowledge in message-based knowledge worlds, conservation and implicit knowledge, and distributed protocols. The selection is a dependable source of data for researchers interested in the theoretical aspects of reasoning about knowledge.
These twenty-eight contributions report advances in one of the most active research areas in artificial intellgence. Qualitative modeling techniques are an essential part of building second generation knowledge-based systems. This book provides a timely overview of the field while also giving some indications about applications that appear to be feasible now or in the near future. Chapters are organized into sections covering modeling and simulation, ontologies, computational issues, and qualitative analysis. Modeling a physical system in order to simulate it or solve particular problems regarding the system is an important motivation of qualitative physics, involving formal procedures and concepts. The chapters in the section on modeling address the problem of how to set up and structure qualitative models, particularly for use in simulation. Ontology, or the science of being, is the basis for all modeling. Accordingly, chapters on ontologies discuss problems fundamental for finding representational formalism and inference mechanisms appropriate for different aspects of reasoning about physical systems. Computational issues arising from attempts to turn qualitative theories into practical software are then taken up. In addition to simulation and modeling, qualitative physics can be used to solve particular problems dealing with physical systems, and the concluding chapters present techniques for tasks ranging from the analysis of behavior to conceptual design.