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Abstract : Requirements for the application of the single-failure criterion to the electrical power, instrumentation, and control portions of nuclear power generating safety systems are provided in this standard. Keywords: actuator, cascaded failure, common-cause failure, design basis event, detectable failure, effects analysis, IEEE 379, nondetectable failure, safety system, single-failure criterion, system actuation, system logic.
This book provides professionals and students with practical guidance for the development of safety-critical computer-based systems. It covers important aspects ranging from complying with standards and guidelines to the necessary software development process and tools, and also techniques pertaining to model-based application development platforms as well as qualified programmable controllers. After a general introduction to the book’s topic in chapter 1, chapter 2 discusses dependability aspects of safety systems and how architectural design at the system level helps deal with failures and yet achieves the targeted dependability attributes. Chapter 3 presents the software development process which includes verification and validation at every stage, essential to the development of software for systems performing safety functions. It also explains how the process helps in developing a safety case that can be independently verified and validated. The subsequent chapter 4 presents some important standards and guidelines, which apply to different industries and in different countries. Chapter 5 then discusses the steps towards complying with the standards at every phase of development. It offers a guided tour traversing the path of software qualification by exploring the necessary steps towards achieving the goal with the help of case studies. Chapter 6 highlights the application of formal methods for the development of safety systems software and introduces some available notations and tools which assist the process. Finally, chapter 7 presents a detailed discussion on the importance and the advantages of qualified platforms for safety systems application development, including programmable controller (PLC) and formal model-based development platforms. Each chapter includes case studies illustrating the subject matter. The book is aimed at both practitioners and students interested in the art and science of developing computer-based systems for safety-critical applications. Both audiences will get insights into the tools and techniques along with the latest developments in the design, analysis and qualification, which are constrained by the regulatory and compliance requirements mandated by the applicable guides and standards. It also addresses the needs of professionals and young graduates who specialize in the development of necessary tools and qualified platforms.
This book captures the principles of safety evaluation as practiced in the regulated light-water reactor nuclear industry, as established and stabilized over the last 30 years. It is expected to serve both the current industry and those planning for the future. The work's coverage of the subject matter is the broadest to date, including not only the common topics of modeling and simulation, but also methods supporting the basis for the underlying assumptions, the extension to radiological safety, what to expect in a licensing review, historical perspectives and the implication for new designs.This text is an essential resource for practitioners and students, on the current best-practices in nuclear power plant safety and their basis. Contributors of this work are subject matter experts in their specialties, much of which was nurtured and inspired by Prof. Larry Hochreiter, a prominent nuclear safety pioneer.Related Link(s)
Accidents and natural disasters involving nuclear power plants such as Chernobyl, Three Mile Island, and the recent meltdown at Fukushima are rare, but their effects are devastating enough to warrant increased vigilance in addressing safety concerns. Nuclear Power Plant Instrumentation and Control Systems for Safety and Security evaluates the risks inherent to nuclear power and methods of preventing accidents through computer control systems and other such emerging technologies. Students and scholars as well as operators and designers will find useful insight into the latest security technologies with the potential to make the future of nuclear energy clean, safe, and reliable.
Safety and Reliability – Theory and Applications contains the contributions presented at the 27th European Safety and Reliability Conference (ESREL 2017, Portorož, Slovenia, June 18-22, 2017). The book covers a wide range of topics, including: • Accident and Incident modelling • Economic Analysis in Risk Management • Foundational Issues in Risk Assessment and Management • Human Factors and Human Reliability • Maintenance Modeling and Applications • Mathematical Methods in Reliability and Safety • Prognostics and System Health Management • Resilience Engineering • Risk Assessment • Risk Management • Simulation for Safety and Reliability Analysis • Structural Reliability • System Reliability, and • Uncertainty Analysis. Selected special sessions include contributions on: the Marie Skłodowska-Curie innovative training network in structural safety; risk approaches in insurance and fi nance sectors; dynamic reliability and probabilistic safety assessment; Bayesian and statistical methods, reliability data and testing; oganizational factors and safety culture; software reliability and safety; probabilistic methods applied to power systems; socio-technical-economic systems; advanced safety assessment methodologies: extended Probabilistic Safety Assessment; reliability; availability; maintainability and safety in railways: theory & practice; big data risk analysis and management, and model-based reliability and safety engineering. Safety and Reliability – Theory and Applications will be of interest to professionals and academics working in a wide range of industrial and governmental sectors including: Aeronautics and Aerospace, Automotive Engineering, Civil Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Energy Production and Distribution, Environmental Engineering, Information Technology and Telecommunications, Critical Infrastructures, Insurance and Finance, Manufacturing, Marine Industry, Mechanical Engineering, Natural Hazards, Nuclear Engineering, Offshore Oil and Gas, Security and Protection, Transportation, and Policy Making.
Safety and security are crucial to the operations of nuclear power plants, but cyber threats to these facilities are increasing significantly. Instrumentation and control systems, which play a vital role in the prevention of these incidents, have seen major design modifications with the implementation of digital technologies. Advanced computing systems are assisting in the protection and safety of nuclear power plants; however, significant research on these computational methods is deficient. Cyber Security and Safety of Nuclear Power Plant Instrumentation and Control Systems is a pivotal reference source that provides vital research on the digital developments of instrumentation and control systems for assuring the safety and security of nuclear power plants. While highlighting topics such as accident monitoring systems, classification measures, and UAV fleets, this publication explores individual cases of security breaches as well as future methods of practice. This book is ideally designed for engineers, industry specialists, researchers, policymakers, scientists, academicians, practitioners, and students involved in the development and operation of instrumentation and control systems for nuclear power plants, chemical and petrochemical industries, transport, and medical equipment.
“This is the second in a series of three volumes of proceedings of the 23rd Pacific Basin Nuclear Conference (PBNC 2022) which was held by Chinese Nuclear Society. As one in the most important and influential conference series of nuclear science and technology, the 23rd PBNC was held in Beijing and Chengdu, China in 2022 with the theme “Nuclear Innovation for Zero-carbon Future”. For taking solid steps toward the goals of achieving peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality, future-oriented nuclear energy should be developed in an innovative way for meeting global energy demands and coordinating the deployment mechanism. It brought together outstanding nuclear scientists and technical experts, senior industry executives, senior government officials and international energy organization leaders from all across the world. The proceedings highlight the latest scientific, technological and industrial advances in Nuclear Safety and Security, Operations and Maintenance, New Builds, Waste Management, Spent Fuel, Decommissioning, Supply Capability and Quality Management, Fuel Cycles, Digital Reactor and New Technology, Innovative Reactors and New Applications, Irradiation Effects, Public Acceptance and Education, Economics, Medical and Biological Applications, and also the student program that intends to raise students’ awareness in fully engaging in this career and keep them updated on the current situation and future trends. These proceedings are not only a good summary of the frontiers in nuclear science and technology, but also a useful guideline for the researchers, engineers and graduate students.
Ein aktualisierter Leitfaden für den Schutz von Stromnetzen im 21. Jahrhundert Die zweite Ausgabe von Power System Protection enthält aktuelle Informationen über die technologischen und wirtschaftlichen Weiterentwicklungen beim Stromnetzschutz seit dem Erscheinen der letzten Ausgabe im Jahr 1998. Insbesondere werden die Auswirkungen von Kurzschlüssen in folgenden Bereichen untersucht: * Qualität der Stromversorgung * Mehrere Einstellgruppen * Distanzrelais mit vierseitigen Eigenschaften * Belastbarkeit Darüber hinaus enthält das Werk umfassende Angaben zu den Auswirkungen von Änderungen der Geschäftsmodelle, insbesondere in Bezug auf Deregulierung, Disaggregation von Stromsystemen, Zuverlässigkeit und Sicherheitsfragen. Power System Protection bietet die analytische Grundlage für die Auslegung, Anwendung und Einstellung von Netzschutzgeräten für moderne Ingenieure. Aktuelle Informationen von Schutzingenieuren mit unterschiedlichen Schwerpunkten runden das umfassende Werk ab, das somit sämtliche Aspekte des Fachgebiets erfasst. Neue Vorschriften und neue Komponenten, die in modernen Stromschutzsystemen enthalten sind, werden ausführlich dargestellt. Besonders gründlich wird der computergestützte Schutz behandelt sowie die Frage, welche Folgen der Anschluss von Anlagen für erneuerbare Energien an Verteilungs- und Übertragungssysteme hat.