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The increased emphasis on food safety during the past two decades has decreased the emphasis on the loss of food through spoilage, particularly in developed co- tries where food is more abundant. In these countries spoilage is a commercial issue that affects the pro?t or loss of producers and manufacturers. In lesser developed countries spoilage continues to be a major concern. The amount of food lost to spoilage is not known. As will be evident in this text, stability and the type of spoilage are in?uenced by the inherent properties of the food and many other factors. During the Second World War a major effort was given to developing the te- nologies needed to ship foods to different regions of the world without spoilage. The food was essential to the military and to populations in countries that could not provide for themselves. Since then, progress has been made in improved product formulations, processing, packaging, and distribution systems. New products have continued to evolve, but for many new perishable foods product stability continues to be a limiting factor. Many new products have failed to reach the marketplace because of spoilage issues.
This report sets out the recommendations of the 7th expert consultation together with papers presented, which was held within the framework of the Co-operative Research Programme on Fish Technology in Africa. Issues considered relating to post-harvest fish utilisation in Africa included fresh fish markets, fish processing, quality assurance, marketing and socio-economic issues.
Research and development of seafood continues to be productive in terms of new and improved products for both food and non-food purposes. The use of biotechnology, microbiology, computer modeling and advanced analytical techniques has led to improvements in processing and product safety. This recent book provides extensive new information on these developments. The 25 reports were prepared by food scientists specializing in seafood. The reports are well illustrated with numerous schematics and some micrographs. Extensive reference data is provided in tables and graphs.
This book is an example of a successful addition to the literature of bioengineering and processing control within the scientific world. The book is divided into twelve chapters covering: selected topics in food engineering, advances in food process engineering, food irradiation, food safety and quality, machine vision, control systems and economics processing. All chapters have been written by renowned professionals working in food engineering and related disciplines.
Microbiology of Foods 6: Microbial Ecology of Food Commodities was written by the ICMSF, compris ing 19 scientists from II countries, plus 12 consultants and 12 chapter contributors. This book brings up to date Microbial Ecology of Foods, Volume 2: Food Commodities (1980, Academic Press), taking account of developments in food processing and packaging, new ranges of products, and foodborne pathogens that have emerged since 1980. The overall structure of each of the chapters has been retained, viz. they cover: (i) the important properties of the food commodity that affect its microbial content; (ii) the initial microbial flora at slaughter or harvest; (iii) the effect of harvesting, transportation, processing and storage on the microbial content; and (iv) the means of controlling processes and the microbial content. The section on Choice of Case has not been included in this 2nd edition, reflecting the changed emphasis in ensuring the microbi ological safety of foods. At the time of publication of Microbial Ecology of Foods, Volume 2: Food Commodities, control of food safety was largely by inspection and compliance with hygiene regulations, coupled with end-product testing. Such testing was put on a sound statistical basis through sampling plans introduced in Microorganisms in Foods 2: Sampling for Microbiological Analysis: Principles and Specific Applications (2nd edition 1986, University of Toronto Press).
The Workshop was held to review progress and problems in post-harvest fish utilization in Africa and formulate recommendations to FAO, its member countries and all institutes, institutions and persons interested in fish utilization in Africa. The experts reviewed in particular fresh fish utilization, fish processing, quality assurance, and marketing and socio-economic issues. The review was done through presentation by the secretariat of a report on progress and events since the Consultation in Fish Technology held in 2001, presentation of 26 papers, abstracts of two additional papers, and a field trip to the Mbegani Fisheries Development Centre, a fish market and a processing unit in Dar es Salaam. The report includes the recommendations as well as the papers that were available to the experts. - L'atelier a ete organise pour passer en revue les progres et problemes dans l'utilisation du poisson apres capture en Afrique, et formuler des recommandations a la FAO, a ses pays membres et a tous les instituts, institutions et personnes interesses par l'utilisation du poisson en Afrique. Les experts ont examine notamment l'utilisation du poisson frais, la transformation du poisson, l'assurance de qualite, la commercialisation et les questions socioeconomiques. Cet examen s'est effectue a travers la presentation, par le secretariat, du rapport sur les progres et evenements depuis la Consultation d'experts FAO sur la technologie du poisson en Afrique qui s'est tenue en 2001, des presentations de 26 communications, des resumes de deux contributions supplementaires, et une visite de terrain au Mbegani Fisheries Development Centre, au marche au poisson et dans une unite de transformation de poisson a Dar es Salaam. Le rapport inclut les recommandations de meme que les communications qui etaient a la disposition des experts."
This authoritative two-volume reference provides valuable, necessary information on the principles underlying the production of microbiologically safe and stable foods. The work begins with an overview and then addresses four major areas: 'Principles and application of food preservation techniques' covers the specific techniques that defeat growth of harmful microorganisms, how those techniques work, how they are used, and how their effectiveness is measured. 'Microbial ecology of different types of food' provides a food-by-food accounting of food composition, naturally occurring microflora, effects of processing, how spoiling can occur, and preservation. 'Foodborne pathogens' profiles the most important and the most dangerous microorganisms that can be found in foods, including bacteria, viruses, parasites, mycotoxins, and 'mad cow disease.' The section also looks at the economic aspects and long-term consequences of foodborne disease. 'Assurance of the microbiological safety and quality of foods' scrutinizes all aspects of quality assurance, including HACCP, hygienic factory design, methods of detecting organisms, risk assessment, legislation, and the design and accreditation of food microbiology laboratories. Tables, photographs, illustrations, chapter-by-chapter references, and a thorough index complete each volume. This reference is of value to all academic, research, industrial and laboratory libraries supporting food programs; and all institutions involved in food safety, microbiology and food microbiology, quality assurance and assessment, food legislation, and generally food science and technology.
Intended for those interested in applied aspects of food microbiology, for 17 commodity areas, this book describes the initial microbial flora and the prevalence of pathogens, the microbiological consequences of processing, spoilage patterns, episodes implicating those commodities with foodborne illness, and measures to control pathogens.