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The evidence-based strategies in this volume close the achievement gap among students from all sociological backgrounds. Designed according to local needs assessments, they provide the services, programs, initiatives, and relationships that are crucial for children's success in school and life. These practices and programs include afterschool and summer sessions, early-childhood education, school-linked health and mental health services, family engagement, and youth leadership opportunities. This book addresses the policy and funding requirements that help these partnerships thrive and offers effective counterarguments against those who would question their value. The text describes strategies that work in both rural and urban contexts and includes a chapter evaluating school-community partnerships across the world. Because it involves collaborations across professions and organizations, the book's interdisciplinary approach will appeal to those in social work, education, psychology, public health, counseling, nursing, and public policy.
This book constitutes the proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Web Information Systems and Applications, WISA 2020, held in Guangzhou, China, in September 2020. The 42 full papers and 16 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 165 submissions. The papers are grouped in topical sections on world wide web, recommendation, query processing and algorithm, natural language processing, machine learning, graph query, edge computing and data mining, data privacy and security, and blockchain.
This book constitutes the proceedings of the 26th International Symposium on VLSI Design and Test, VDAT 2022, which took place in Jammu, India, in July 2022. The 32 regular papers and 16 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 220 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: Devices and Technology; Sensors; Analog/Mixed Signal; Digital Design; Emerging Technologies and Memory; System Design.
The process of Integrated Circuits (IC) started its era of VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) in 1970’s when thousands of transistors were integrated into one single chip. Nowadays we are able to integrate more than a billion transistors on a single chip. However, the term “VLSI” is still being used, though there was some effort to coin a new term ULSI (Ultra-Large Scale Integration) for fine distinctions many years ago. VLSI technology has brought tremendous benefits to our everyday life since its occurrence. VLSI circuits are used everywhere, real applications include microprocessors in a personal computer or workstation, chips in a graphic card, digital camera or camcorder, chips in a cell phone or a portable computing device, and embedded processors in an automobile, et al. VLSI covers many phases of design and fabrication of integrated circuits. For a commercial chip design, it involves system definition, VLSI architecture design and optimization, RTL (register transfer language) coding, (pre- and post-synthesis) simulation and verification, synthesis, place and route, timing analyses and timing closure, and multi-step semiconductor device fabrication including wafer processing, die preparation, IC packaging and testing, et al. As the process technology scales down, hundreds or even thousands of millions of transistors are integrated into one single chip. Hence, more and more complicated systems can be integrated into a single chip, the so-called System-on-chip (SoC), which brings to VLSI engineers ever increasingly challenges to master techniques in various phases of VLSI design. For modern SoC design, practical applications are usually speed hungry. For instance, Ethernet standard has evolved from 10Mbps to 10Gbps. Now the specification for 100Mbps Ethernet is on the way. On the other hand, with the popularity of wireless and portable computing devices, low power consumption has become extremely critical. To meet these contradicting requirements, VLSI designers have to perform optimizations at all levels of design. This book is intended to cover a wide range of VLSI design topics. The book can be roughly partitioned into four parts. Part I is mainly focused on algorithmic level and architectural level VLSI design and optimization for image and video signal processing systems. Part II addresses VLSI design optimizations for cryptography and error correction coding. Part III discusses general SoC design techniques as well as other application-specific VLSI design optimizations. The last part will cover generic nano-scale circuit-level design techniques.
We often come across computational optimization virtually in all branches of engineering and industry. Many engineering problems involve heuristic search and optimization, and, once discretized, may become combinatorial in nature, which gives rise to certain difficulties in terms of solution procedure. Some of these problems have enormous search spaces, are NP-hard and hence require heuristic solution techniques. Another difficulty is the lack of ability of classical solution techniques to determine appropriate optima of non-convex problems. Under these conditions, recent advances in computational optimization techniques have been shown to be advantageous and successful compared to classical approaches. This Volume presents some of the latest developments with a focus on the design of algorithms for computational optimization and their applications in practice. Through the chapters of this book, researchers and practitioners share their experience and newest methodologies with regard to intelligent optimization and provide various case studies of the application of intelligent optimization techniques in real-world applications.This book can serve as an excellent reference for researchers and graduate students in computer science, various engineering disciplines and the industry.
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Numerical Methods and Applications, NMA 2018, held in Borovets, Bulgaria, in August 2018. The 56 revised regular papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 61 submissions for inclusion in this book. The papers are organized in the following topical sections: numerical search and optimization; problem-driven numerical method: motivation and application, numerical methods for fractional diffusion problems; orthogonal polynomials and numerical quadratures; and Monte Carlo and Quasi-Monte Carlo methods.