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Powered submersibles have enabled the exploration of lake and ocean depths, and are used extensively for inspection of drilling rigs and offshore pipelines. Their potential for the discovery of undersea mineral resources is widely acknowledged.The design of such vehicles poses many problems not encountered with land-based systems: for example, normal pressures are very large, and many structural elements are extremely sensitive to initial geometric imperfections.Following a review of the history and development of submersibles, each chapter concentrates on a specific geometric design. The bibliography is unusually complete, and includes summaries of many referenced publications.This unique book covers all aspects of the structural mechanics, analysis and design of submersibles, and will be invaluable to ocean engineers, naval architects and graduate students entering the field.
Loading structures is one of the most significant stages in structural design procedures. Consideration of various loads which may be subjected to a structure during its lifetime is very important. Hence, it needs a special consideration for training students and designers. Students learn very briefly about the loading and distribution of loads in different courses. However, this subject is so important and it needs special attention to make students familiar with the loading rules as well as usage of their related building codes in one book or in one subject. Regarding the necessity of understanding this subject for the students and designers, I decided to write this book to introduce the basics and principles in considering different loads and their distribution methods on the structural elements. Thereby, this book is prepared in 6 chapters including Dead and live load and their distribution, Wind load, Seismic load, Soil load, Hydrostatic load and Crane load. One of the noticeable parts of this book is chapter two which focuses on the wind load based on the Malaysian standard code.
Four reinforced and two unreinforced concrete spheres of 32.00-inch outside diameter (OD) and 2.71-inch wall thickness (t) were tested under hydrostatic loading to determine the effect of embedded steel reinforcement on structural behavior. Test results show that the reinforced spheres (0.44 or 1.10% steel by area) failed by implosion at values for the ratio of implosion pressure to concrete strength that were on the average 5% lower than for the unreinforced spheres of the same size. In addition, the reinforced spheres developed cracks in-the-plane-of-the-wall at the inner surface of the reinforcement cage prior to implosion. Implosion results for the unreinforced spheres are 10% lower than predicted by an empirical equation developed from previous tests of unreinforced 16-inch OD spheres. These results provide initial insight into the behavior of hydrostatically loaded steel bar reinforced concrete spheres and indicate that additional test data is required before definitive design guides can be developed.
This report presents updated design guides for both thick- and thin- walled concrete cylinder structures under hydrostatic loading. The design approach for thick-walled cylinders has been changed from that described in previous work to a semi-empirical basis; improvements in implosion strength on the order of 10% are found. A test on a thick-walled 10-ft-diam (3.05-m) structure loaded to failure in the ocean is reported. A major change in the guide is for thin-walled cylinders, where new data on 15 relatively large-scale specimens are reported. Design guides for thin-walled cylinders show an increase in implosion strength ranging from 0% to 35%, depending on the structures' tDo and L/Do ratios, from that reported previously.
Stability and Vibrations of Thin-Walled Composite Structures presents engineering and academic knowledge on the stability (buckling and post buckling) and vibrations of thin walled composite structures like columns, plates, and stringer stiffened plates and shells, which form the basic structures of the aeronautical and space sectors. Currently, this knowledge is dispersed in several books and manuscripts, covering all aspects of composite materials. The book enables both engineers and academics to locate valuable, up-to-date knowledge on buckling and vibrations, be it analytical or experimental, and use it for calculations or comparisons. The book is also useful as a textbook for advanced-level graduate courses. - Presents a unified, systematic, detailed and comprehensive overview of the topic - Contains contributions from leading experts in the field - Includes a dedicated section on testing and experimental results
Dynamic Response and Failure of Composite Materials and Structures presents an overview of recent developments in a specialized area of research with original contributions from the authors who have been asked to outline needs for further investigations in their chosen topic area. The result is a presentation of the current state-of-the art in very specialized research areas that cannot be found elsewhere in the literature. For example, Massabò presents a newly developed theory for laminated composite plates that accounts for imperfect bonding between layers with new solutions for problems involving thermal effects. This theory is new and computationally-efficient, and the author describes how it fits in the broader context of composite plate theory. Abrate discusses the design of composite marine propellers and presents a detailed derivation of the equations of motion of a rotating blade, including centrifugal effects and the effects of pre-twisting and other geometric parameters. This book is a major reference resource for academic and industrial researchers and designers working in aerospace, automotives, and the marine engineering industry. - Presents recent developments in a research field that has experienced tremendous advances because of improved computational capabilities, new materials, and new testing facilities - Includes contributions from leading researchers from Europe and the USA who present the current state-of-the-art, including unique and original research - Provides extensive experimental results and numerical solutions - Appeals to a broad range of professional researchers working in aerospace, automotive, and marine engineering fields
This manual is for designers, developers, builders, and others who wish to build elevated residential structures in flood-prone areas prudently. Contents: Environmental and Regulatory Factors Site Analysis and Design Architectural Design Examples Design and Construction Guidelines Cost Analysis Resource Materials