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Through analysis of the lives and theories of the three major exponents of humanism, Allport, Maslow, and Murray, the authors have marshaled some compelling arguments for an alternative to the extreme behaviorism of Skinner and the logical positivism of Freud. This work is a concise, clear synthesis of both broad theoretical positions and specifi c concepts that underlie humanistic psychology.
This Expanded 2023 Edition of the book entitled HUMANISTIC PERSONOLOGY: A HUMANISTIC-ONTOLOGICAL THEORY OF THE PERSON & PERSONALITY. Applications in Therapy, Social Work, Education, Management, and Art (Theater), completes the range of domains brought to attention and represented from the perspective of humanistic-ontological orientation with new domains, namely medicine, politics, technology & science, ecology, and economy – work/project which, as stated in previous editions,presents an ontological-humanistic theory/ model for the formation, development, functioning, education, and therapy/ counseling of the human personality & person, offering a philosophical (ontological) alternative to the prevailing contemporary psychological, biological, and cybernetic models in both literature and practice. To this end, the process of personality/ person formation is described as a successive and simultaneous creation and establishment of internal autonomous "BEINGS"/ onto-formations. These internal beings/ onto-formations, such as the organism, the self, the soul, the ego, the mind, the consciousness, play a dynamic-ontological and functional specific role in the composition and the functioning of the personality/ person. The personal profile, the personality traits, the behavior, the human being as a whole, are depicted as the outcomes of inner dynamic relationships and ontological confrontations among these internal beings, which are energetically and antagonistically charged. Through this daring project and through these innovative elements, the theory/ model presented in an improved form also in this edition can represent a significant contribution, not only to elucidating and explaining the complex processes of personality/ person formation, development, functioning, and therapy, but also to represent these processes – including by invoking the Aristotelian and Platonic concepts of transubstantiation and body-soul (matter-spirit) dualism – in relation to profound philosophical (ontological and metaphysical) categories such as human being, human essence, human nature, and human condition, bringing the discourse, currently located mainly in the sphere of psychology, in the sphere of philosophy, ontology and ethics as well, the formation and development process not leading – from the perspective of the model adopted in the project – only to the formation of personality and adaptive behavior, but also to the formation, in a holistic view, of the person as a whole, of the person as a HUMAN BEING. Some of the most significant fragments/ ideas: ”The essence of the humanistic-ontological conception regarding the person/ the human personality is given by the idea that these are ontological products of some gradual and stadial processes held with the crucial contribution of the concrete/ contextual/ contingent socio-human, cultural and institutional factors where the person grows and lives. Very important are therefore the personal-human factors...” ”In our ontological-humanistic model of formation, beingness and functioning of the person/ personality - of the human being - we will speak, therefore, about characteristics, properties, processes, principles such as onto-formatization, persomization and promergence, emergence and imergence, transmergence and telegence, conmergence and sinmergence, about stages of evolution, formation, development, establishment of the personal ontological-psychological formations, of the person as a whole, such as of contact, of acquisition/ accumulation, of structuration/ centralization, of constitution/ holistization, of establishing/ networking, and finally of ontification/ fulfillment, and about ontological-subjective humane and spiritual experiences/ feelings that represent ”substances", motivational-energetical sources and resorts of forming of the personality/ person’s onto-formations and spheres...”
This new paper of the author focuses on the factors and the processes that determine, conditionate and favour, ontogenetically, the formation and consolidation of, what has been consecrated in the literature – as personological concept and theory – Plenary and Accomplished Person. For this purpose, he operates with a theoretical-psychological and conceptual apparatus with important philosophical valences, proposing an ontological-humanistic model of interpretation and research of the factors, processes, stages, and mechanisms that lead to the formation of the Personality and, especially, of the Person as a Whole. The work is carried out – after a technical introduction referring to the situation and the presence of the subject in the context of the contemporary literature – throughout 10 chapters, passing gradually, from an introductory theoretical exposition opener of operational analysis frameworks to applied and detailed approaches relating to the formation and development of the person/ personality (the humanistic approach and the humanistic-ontological approach), basic sources, factors and conditions, basic characteristics, laws, and principles of the process of formation and development of the person/ personality, the holistic process of personalization. A particular attention is paid in the book to the great subprocesses of the holistic processes of personalization, of formation of mature, fully functioning and humane person/ personality, to the formation of the psychological-social/ relational sphere of the person, and, finally, of formation of the person as a whole. Other aspects approached by the author are the beingness, the functioning and the development/ fulfillment of the person/ personality, the education and the therapy/ counseling (in relation to the core theme of the paper). Regarding the destination of this paper, its design, content and bibliography are made in such a way that to be useful both to the academic community, to students and teachers, and also to the professional community, to psychotherapists, educators, managers, social workers, artists, etc.
This edition comprises, brings together, incorporates, synthesizes some of the author's works, books, articles, chapters, ideas, fragments, in print and electronic form, with themes, topics, ideas that address the relation between philosophy and social work/ welfare/ policy, with emphasis on the humanistic paradigm/ approach, published in academic format, between 2011 and 2023. No new sections were introduced, but the bibliography was partially updated, bringing to attention relevant titles that appeared after the previous edition. In the book it is analyzed the complex and delicate relationship between philosophy and social work/welfare, between the philosophical system of concepts and ideas and the theory/axiology of social work/welfare, especially from a humanistic perspective, bringing face to face, on the one hand, the great branches or sub-domains of philosophy, respectively ontology, ethics, social philosophy, personology, and, on the other hand, the great sub-domains or issues of social work/welfare, respectively the way of representation the client and the social problem (difficult situation, risk situation, vulnerability, resilience, etc.), the system of constitutive values and principles, the way of representation of the professional and the specific practice/methodology, etc. The relation between philosophy and social work is, no doubt, biunivocal. philosophy encompasses, in its purpose and history, the "social" issue/dimension, in its broader human sense, especially with the preoccupations in the sphere of ethics and social philosophy, but also of the existentialist-humanistic and humanistic-personalist philosophies, as the, social work, as general theory and axiology, cannot be conceived without a consistent philosophical representation. Both the system of fundamental values and the mission or methodology of social work/welfare are, most often, stated in the terms of an explicit applied social, ethical and humanistic philosophy, even if not always this aspect it is highlighted in an assumed way. An important observation that must to be done is that the author does not proposes in his book (and nor does it accomplish) an exhaustive, profound and complete approach and exposure of the relation, connection - from a humanistic point of view - between philosophy and social work/welfare, between their sub-domains, but only he brings into attention this subject, this theme, very little approached in the literature in relation to its indisputable importance. Regarding the destination of this paper, its design, content and bibliography are made in such a way that to be useful both to the academic community, to students and teachers in philosophy and social sciences and practices, and also to the professional community, to social workers, psychotherapists, educators, social managers, etc.
As a sub-discipline, part of (general) Philosophy, Humanistic Philosophy is focused on, and brings in attention, especially, the category, the value-concept of Human Being, with the meaning of agency, individuality, subject, the person with the attribute of freedom and self-determination, the respect for the human as individual, as a Person, in opposition to the approaches that represent the individual human being as a simple statistical element into a social structure, system, mechanism, in history and/or society.In the second meaning, crucial concepts, syntagms, and ideas-values that are bring in attention, when we speak, therefore, of (general) philosophy as a humanistic discipline are Anthropo-Centrism and Person-Centered Approach in the general process of philosophical knowledge and investigation. Essentially, philosophy as a humanistic discipline, through all its branches, orientations, schools, and methods, is an ethics of the phenomenon, process and act of knowledge in general, and of the philosophical knowledge in particular, an ethics of the human, of the man, of humanity, and, especially, ultimately, a philosophy of the human as a goal, values, ideal, principle of all the processes, acts of knowledge and action, epistemologically and methodologically speaking. *** Regarding the Destination of this book, its design, content and bibliography are made in such a way that to be useful both to the academic/ scientific community, to students, teachers and researchers, and also to the professional community - artists, educators, managers, social workers, psychotherapists, health professionals, human rights activists, activists in the political sphere, etc.
Through analysis of the lives and theories of the three major exponents of humanism, Allport, Maslow, and Murray, the authors have marshaled some compelling arguments for an alternative to the extreme behaviorism of Skinner and the logical positivism of Freud. This work is a concise, clear synthesis of both broad theoretical positions and specific concepts that underlie humanistic psychology. The "Third Force" (humanism) suggests that man possesses both freedom and dignity and that he possesses them in the face of an often hostile and coercive society. Thus, exponents of humanism conducted their personality experiments in a natural environment, imposing few, if any, external controls. A compact example of critical evaluation at its best, Humanism in Personology stands alone in its successful attempt to correlate the theory of humanism as it exists today with an incisive study of the men who shaped its course. Maddi and Costa proceed from the level of metatheory to a lucid presentation of the specific constructs of three personality psychologists. The book contains an extensive theoretical summary table explaining the theoretical differences between Allport, Maslow, and Murray. Also featured is a comprehensive glossary of personality terms which is exceedingly valuable for new students in the field. Intended as a supplementary text for undergraduate courses in personality, social psychology, human development, human socialization, or philosophy, this work is also a valuable resource for clinicians, teachers, guidance counselors, graduates, and undergraduates in psychology. Salvatore R. Maddi is professor at the department of psychology and social behavior, school of social ecology, at the University of California, Irvine. His special concerns are stress management and creativity. He is the author of many books and journal articles and is on the Board of Directors for the International Network on Personal Meaning. Paul T. Costa is Senior Investigator Chief, Personality, Stress, and Coping Section at the Laboratory of Personality and Cognition at the National Institute on Aging.
In this book is realized a brief presentation of the main orientations and features of the Humanistic Theory and Method in the major socio-human sciences, domains and practices. As construction, structure and content this book cumulates, incorporates, synthesizes and develops in a new, original and unitary work a number of the author’s previous works consecrated to the humanistic approach and method in some socio-human sciences and practices, especially in Psychology and Psychotherapy, Sociology, Social Work, Education and Management, published up to the end of 2012, both in print and electronic format. In the process of realization of this works, including of this book, was taken into consideration and was consulted the universal "social" and "therapeutic" literature of humanistic orientation, with the two main directions – existential/positive and spiritual/ontological/humanitarian, or the one that describes it or refers to it. Essentially, the Existential/Positive Orientations represent and approach, in theory or practice (therapy, education, social work etc.), the Person and Personality through traits (objectives) like high level of personal and social autonomy, free will and high capacity/ ability for self-determination, high level of personal development, high resilience, high capacity to control the emotions, high degree of awareness, self-knowledge, high self-esteem, high level of interpersonal development, adaptability, mature personality, activism and initiative, assertiveness, etc., while the Socio-Human (Micro-)Community is represented through features such as high autonomy, strong organizational culture, high socio-human functionality, high cohesion, unity, solidity, adaptability, resilience, resistance to crisis and challenges, good management, etc. The Ontological/Spiritual Approaches/Theories promote core concepts (and objectives of the intervention) such as spiritual-humane personality and humane/good community, spiritual-humane development of the person and humane-cultural development of the community. These paradigms highlight and promote Personality traits and qualities such as spirituality, virtue, humanness, altruism, empathy, love, faith, etc. Regarding the theoretical representation of the Community these approaches/theories highlight ideas and features as people-centered community, the dominance of the inter-personal relationships of attachment, love, respect, the dominance of the practices and customs of mutual helps, social/group/community solidarity, harmony, unity, inter-personal congruency, socio-human, inter-personal, community functionality, socio-human, moral and cultural integration/ cohesion. *** Regarding the destination of this paper, its design, content and bibliography are made in such a way to be useful both to the academic community, to students and teachers, and also to the professional community, to psychotherapists, educators, managers, social workers, artists, etc.
This book is a new appearance of the author – Petru Stefaroi – within ”The HUMANISTIC SOCIAL WORK Project”. In particular, in this work the author affirms and supports the thesis according to which – as in psychology and psychotherapy the idea, thesis and formula Humanistic Psychology/Psychotherapy as the Third Way or Force is regularly promoted and used – it is the case and the time as in the field of social work to operate with the formula Humanistic Social Work – The Third Way or Force in Social Work. The third way in practice, as a method, and the third force in theory, as a doctrine. If in psychology and psychotherapy the third way/force was established by reference to psychoanalysis and behaviorism, in social work the third way is established by reference to Traditional social work and Critical social work. This third way in social work is imposed, in the author's opinion, by prioritizing the concept of personality, bringing this doctrine, method and practice of social work closer to psychology and psychotherapy, to humanistic psychology and psychotherapy. But, the author specifies in the paper that humanistic psychology and humanistic psychotherapy, on the one hand, and humanistic social work as theory and practice, on the other hand, are distinct scientific and practical fields, not only by the object of intervention but also by methodology and specifics of practice. The aspect is well highlighted in the way it is structured and formulated his ”The HUMANISTIC SOCIAL WORK Project”, established as an initiative with the assumed aim to enhance the effective presence of the humanistic and personalistic values, theories and practices in social work, which usually are stated as fundamental and essential in different programs, strategies and policies but less present, in fact, in the specialized literature, in the faculties' curricula, or in the practice of the professionals and services. To this end, the project is designed as a philosophical-theoretical, axiological and methodological framework, a heuristic laboratory, a philosophical, scientific and professional forum where it can be set what might be called the theory, axiology and methodology of humanistic social work. The project’s concept starts from the idea that humanistic social work is not, however, a distinctive form of social work/ welfare but rather an ontology/ epistemology, that generates a reaffirmation/ restatement of the fundamental/ constitutional humanistic values of social work, incorporating, in the same time, in a (relative) new coherent and unitary theory, all what penetrated in social work in the last decades from humanistic psychology and psychotherapy, microsociology and humanistic sociology, human rights philosophy/ movement, and, especially, what was established as humanistic method in the contemporary social work practice and literature. The core aspect of the humanistic social work paradigm, theory and practice is determined by the way/ mode (humanistic) are represented the client and professional, considering the humanequalities/ resources of the client and professional the critical epistemological and methodological value of the this type of social work. One can say that the specific theory of humanistic social work is a conglomerate of theories, paradigms, orientations, but which have some crucial ideas as vectors: the person/ client as personality, as human being, with sentiments, soul, desires, sufferings, needs of love, needs of happiness and accomplishments; emphasis on personality and compathetical micro-community as basic resources of practice; positive, optimistic and appreciative expectation in practice; person-centered and microcommunity-centered approach in evaluation and intervention; concentration on the future and not on the past; the human rights, social justice; a humanistic perspective on the practitioner and his conducts in practice.
In this work the sintagm "Humanistic Philosophy" is approached and represented both as a sub-discipline, branch, issue, topic, domain, section, part of (general) Philosophy, but also as a dimension, goal, ideal, value, sense, meaning, vocation, valence of Philosophy as a whole, speaking, therefore, about Philosophy as a Humanistic discipline of knowledge. As a sub-discipline, part of (general) Philosophy, Humanistic Philosophy is focused on, and brings in attention, especially, the category, the value-concept of Human Being, with the meaning of agency, individuality, subject, the person with the attribute of freedom and self-determination, the respect for the human as individual, as a Person, in opposition to the approaches that represent the individual human being as a simple statistical element into a social structure, system, mechanism, in history and/or society. In the second meaning, crucial concepts, syntagms, and ideas-values that are bring in attention, when we speak, therefore, of (general) philosophy as a humanistic discipline are Anthropo-Centrism and Person-Centered Approach in the general process of philosophical knowledge and investigation. Essentially, philosophy as a humanistic discipline, through all its branches, orientations, schools, and methods, is an ethics of the phenomenon, process and act of knowledge in general, and of the philosophical knowledge in particular, an ethics of the human, of the man, of humanity, and, especially, ultimately, a philosophy of the human as a goal, values, ideal, principle of all the processes, acts of knowledge and action, epistemologically and methodologically speaking. *** Regarding the Destination of this book, its design, content and bibliography are made in such a way that to be useful both to the academic/ scientific community, to students, teachers and researchers, and also to the professional community - artists, educators, managers, social workers, psychotherapists, health professionals, human rights activists, activists in the political sphere, etc.
The Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences (EPID) beschäftigt sich in vier Bänden mit Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschieden bei Individuen. Jeder Band konzentriert sich auf einen wichtigen Themenbereich bei der Untersuchung der Persönlichkeitspsychologie und den Unterschieden von Individuen. Der erste Band mit dem Titel Models and Theories betrachtet die wichtigsten klassischen und modernen Standpunkte, Perspektiven, Modelle und theoretischen Ansätze im Studium der Persönlichkeit und Unterschiede von Individuen. Der zweite Band, Measurement and Assessment, untersucht die wesentlichen klassischen und modernen Beurteilungsmethoden und -techniken. Der dritte Band mit dem Titel Personality Processes and Individual Differences erläutert die traditionellen und aktuellen Dimensionen, Konstrukte und Merkmale der Studienrichtung. Im vierten Band werden drei Hauptkategorien behandelt: klinische Zuarbeit, angewandte Forschung und interkulturelle Betrachtungen. Darüber hinaus werden Themen wie Kultur und Identität, multikulturelle Identitäten, interkulturelle Untersuchungen von Merkmalsstrukturen und Personalitätsprozesses u. v. m. behandelt. - Jeder Band enthält rund 100 Einträge zu Personalität und individuellen Unterschieden. Die Beiträge stammen von international führenden Psychologen. - Beschäftigt sich mit wichtigen klassischen und zeitgenössischen Modellen und Theorien der Persönlichkeitspsychologie, mit Mess- und Beurteilungsverfahren, Personalitätsprozessen und Unterschieden bei Individuen sowie mit Forschungsansätzen. - Bietet einen umfassenden und ausführlichen Überblick über die Persönlichkeitspsychologie. - The Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences ist ein wichtiges Referenzwerk für Studenten der Psychologie und Fachexperten, die sich mit der Untersuchung und Erforschung von Persönlichkeit beschäftigen.