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Chapter 7. Case Study : Comparing Twitter Archives; Getting the Data and Distribution of Tweets; Word Frequencies; Comparing Word Usage; Changes in Word Use; Favorites and Retweets; Summary; Chapter 8. Case Study : Mining NASA Metadata; How Data Is Organized at NASA; Wrangling and Tidying the Data; Some Initial Simple Exploration; Word Co-ocurrences and Correlations; Networks of Description and Title Words; Networks of Keywords; Calculating tf-idf for the Description Fields; What Is tf-idf for the Description Field Words?; Connecting Description Fields to Keywords; Topic Modeling.
Sentiment analysis is the computational study of people's opinions, sentiments, emotions, moods, and attitudes. This fascinating problem offers numerous research challenges, but promises insight useful to anyone interested in opinion analysis and social media analysis. This comprehensive introduction to the topic takes a natural-language-processing point of view to help readers understand the underlying structure of the problem and the language constructs commonly used to express opinions, sentiments, and emotions. The book covers core areas of sentiment analysis and also includes related topics such as debate analysis, intention mining, and fake-opinion detection. It will be a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners in natural language processing, computer science, management sciences, and the social sciences. In addition to traditional computational methods, this second edition includes recent deep learning methods to analyze and summarize sentiments and opinions, and also new material on emotion and mood analysis techniques, emotion-enhanced dialogues, and multimodal emotion analysis.
This Element provides a basic introduction to sentiment analysis, aimed at helping students and professionals in corpus linguistics to understand what sentiment analysis is, how it is conducted, and where it can be applied. It begins with a definition of sentiment analysis and a discussion of the domains where sentiment analysis is conducted and used the most. Then, it introduces two main methods that are commonly used in sentiment analysis known as supervised machine-learning and unsupervised learning (or lexicon-based) methods, followed by a step-by-step explanation of how to perform sentiment analysis with R. The Element then provides two detailed examples or cases of sentiment and emotion analysis, with one using an unsupervised method and the other using a supervised learning method.
The Handbook of Natural Language Processing, Second Edition presents practical tools and techniques for implementing natural language processing in computer systems. Along with removing outdated material, this edition updates every chapter and expands the content to include emerging areas, such as sentiment analysis.New to the Second EditionGreater
Sentiment analysis and opinion mining is the field of study that analyzes people's opinions, sentiments, evaluations, attitudes, and emotions from written language. It is one of the most active research areas in natural language processing and is also widely studied in data mining, Web mining, and text mining. In fact, this research has spread outside of computer science to the management sciences and social sciences due to its importance to business and society as a whole. The growing importance of sentiment analysis coincides with the growth of social media such as reviews, forum discussions, blogs, micro-blogs, Twitter, and social networks. For the first time in human history, we now have a huge volume of opinionated data recorded in digital form for analysis. Sentiment analysis systems are being applied in almost every business and social domain because opinions are central to almost all human activities and are key influencers of our behaviors. Our beliefs and perceptions of reality, and the choices we make, are largely conditioned on how others see and evaluate the world. For this reason, when we need to make a decision we often seek out the opinions of others. This is true not only for individuals but also for organizations. This book is a comprehensive introductory and survey text. It covers all important topics and the latest developments in the field with over 400 references. It is suitable for students, researchers and practitioners who are interested in social media analysis in general and sentiment analysis in particular. Lecturers can readily use it in class for courses on natural language processing, social media analysis, text mining, and data mining. Lecture slides are also available online. Table of Contents: Preface / Sentiment Analysis: A Fascinating Problem / The Problem of Sentiment Analysis / Document Sentiment Classification / Sentence Subjectivity and Sentiment Classification / Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis / Sentiment Lexicon Generation / Opinion Summarization / Analysis of Comparative Opinions / Opinion Search and Retrieval / Opinion Spam Detection / Quality of Reviews / Concluding Remarks / Bibliography / Author Biography
Learn to assess textual data and extract sentiments using various text analysis R packages KEY FEATURES ● In-depth coverage on core principles, challenges, and application of Emotion Analysis. ● Includes real-world examples to simplify practical uses of R, Shiny, and various popular NLP techniques. ● Covers different strategies used in Sentiment and Emotion Analysis. DESCRIPTION This book covers how to conduct Emotion Analysis based on Lexicons. Through a detailed code walkthrough, the book will explain how to develop systems for Sentiment and Emotion Analysis from popular sources of data, including WhatsApp, Twitter, etc. The book starts with a discussion on R programming and Shiny programming as these will lay the foundation for the system to be developed for Emotion Analysis. Then, the book discusses essentials of Sentiment Analysis and Emotion Analysis. The book then proceeds to build Shiny applications for Emotion Analysis. The book rounds off with creating a tool for Emotion Analysis from the data obtained from Twitter and WhatsApp. Emotion Analysis can be also performed using Machine Learning. However, this requires labeled data. This is a logical next step after reading this book. WHAT YOU WILL LEARN ● Learn the essentials of Sentiment Analysis. ● Learn the essentials of Emotion Analysis. ● Conducting Emotion Analysis using Lexicons. ● Learn to develop Shiny applications. ● Understanding the essentials of R programming for developing systems for Emotion Analysis. WHO THIS BOOK IS FOR This book aspires to teach NLP users, ML engineers, and AI engineers who want to develop a strong understanding of Emotion and Sentiment Analysis. No prior knowledge of R programming is needed. All you need is just an open mind to learn and explore this concept. TABLE OF CONTENTS Section 1 Introduction to R Programming 1 Getting Started with R 2 Simple Operations using R 3 Developing Simple Applications in R Section 2 Introduction to Shiny Programming 4 Structure of Shiny Applications 5 Shiny Application 1 6 Shiny Application 2 Section 3 Emotion Analysis 7 Sentiment Analysis 8 Emotion Analysis 9 ZEUSg Section 4 Twitter Data Analysis 10 Introduction to Twitter Data Analysis 11 Emotion Analysis on Twitter Data 12 Chidiya BONUS CHAPTER WhatsApp Chat Analysis
Statistical Computation for Programmers, Scientists, Quants, Excel Users, and Other Professionals Using the open source R language, you can build powerful statistical models to answer many of your most challenging questions. R has traditionally been difficult for non-statisticians to learn, and most R books assume far too much knowledge to be of help. R for Everyone, Second Edition, is the solution. Drawing on his unsurpassed experience teaching new users, professional data scientist Jared P. Lander has written the perfect tutorial for anyone new to statistical programming and modeling. Organized to make learning easy and intuitive, this guide focuses on the 20 percent of R functionality you’ll need to accomplish 80 percent of modern data tasks. Lander’s self-contained chapters start with the absolute basics, offering extensive hands-on practice and sample code. You’ll download and install R; navigate and use the R environment; master basic program control, data import, manipulation, and visualization; and walk through several essential tests. Then, building on this foundation, you’ll construct several complete models, both linear and nonlinear, and use some data mining techniques. After all this you’ll make your code reproducible with LaTeX, RMarkdown, and Shiny. By the time you’re done, you won’t just know how to write R programs, you’ll be ready to tackle the statistical problems you care about most. Coverage includes Explore R, RStudio, and R packages Use R for math: variable types, vectors, calling functions, and more Exploit data structures, including data.frames, matrices, and lists Read many different types of data Create attractive, intuitive statistical graphics Write user-defined functions Control program flow with if, ifelse, and complex checks Improve program efficiency with group manipulations Combine and reshape multiple datasets Manipulate strings using R’s facilities and regular expressions Create normal, binomial, and Poisson probability distributions Build linear, generalized linear, and nonlinear models Program basic statistics: mean, standard deviation, and t-tests Train machine learning models Assess the quality of models and variable selection Prevent overfitting and perform variable selection, using the Elastic Net and Bayesian methods Analyze univariate and multivariate time series data Group data via K-means and hierarchical clustering Prepare reports, slideshows, and web pages with knitr Display interactive data with RMarkdown and htmlwidgets Implement dashboards with Shiny Build reusable R packages with devtools and Rcpp Register your product at informit.com/register for convenient access to downloads, updates, and corrections as they become available.
This How-to Guide describes what sentiment analysis is, when it might be used, how sentiment analysis software works, and how sentiment analysis can be applied in academic research projects. Essentially, the task of sentiment analysis software is to guess the emotions or opinions expressed in (usually) texts. It does this by using machine learning or linguistic rules and, in some contexts, can be as accurate as humans. This software is much faster than humans, allowing sentiment detection in huge sets of texts. Nevertheless, automatic sentiment analysis needs human face-validity checks to guard against algorithmic bias. Sentiment analysis can be used for tasks such as detecting topics that elicit strong opinions or analysing the evolution of emotional reactions over time for an issue. It works best on huge collections of text (e.g., hundreds of thousands of tweets) on topics where people express sentiment directly with clear statements rather than indirectly, such as through implication, sarcasm, or irony. This guide finishes with brief information about how the free software SentiStrength can be used for sentiment analysis and how the free software Mozdeh can be used to detect sentiment-related patterns in large sets of text.
The aim of Sentiment Analysis is to define automatic tools able to extract subjective information from texts in natural language, such as opinions and sentiments, in order to create structured and actionable knowledge to be used by either a decision support system or a decision maker. Sentiment analysis has gained even more value with the advent and growth of social networking. Sentiment Analysis in Social Networks begins with an overview of the latest research trends in the field. It then discusses the sociological and psychological processes underling social network interactions. The book explores both semantic and machine learning models and methods that address context-dependent and dynamic text in online social networks, showing how social network streams pose numerous challenges due to their large-scale, short, noisy, context- dependent and dynamic nature. Further, this volume: Takes an interdisciplinary approach from a number of computing domains, including natural language processing, machine learning, big data, and statistical methodologies Provides insights into opinion spamming, reasoning, and social network analysis Shows how to apply sentiment analysis tools for a particular application and domain, and how to get the best results for understanding the consequences Serves as a one-stop reference for the state-of-the-art in social media analytics Takes an interdisciplinary approach from a number of computing domains, including natural language processing, big data, and statistical methodologies Provides insights into opinion spamming, reasoning, and social network mining Shows how to apply opinion mining tools for a particular application and domain, and how to get the best results for understanding the consequences Serves as a one-stop reference for the state-of-the-art in social media analytics
This book covers deep-learning-based approaches for sentiment analysis, a relatively new, but fast-growing research area, which has significantly changed in the past few years. The book presents a collection of state-of-the-art approaches, focusing on the best-performing, cutting-edge solutions for the most common and difficult challenges faced in sentiment analysis research. Providing detailed explanations of the methodologies, the book is a valuable resource for researchers as well as newcomers to the field.