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Evaluating and making decisions about other people are key aspects of doing business, especially for managers and human resource professionals. Industrial and organizational psychologists devise systematic methods to remove human errors in judgment, such as biases and stereotypes. However many decisions about people are not made by experts using standard procedures. Even when they are, human judgment is unavoidable. This book examines the social psychological dynamics of person perception that underlie how people evaluate others in organizations. It contains original articles from leading experts in social, industrial, and organizational psychology. The book begins by examining basic principles and processes of social cognition and person perception, such as schemas, stereotypes, automatic/mindless information processing, the perceiver's motivation and affect, and situational conditions. It then applies these ideas to key areas of business operations. Helping readers understand and develop ways to improve the way people assess and make decisions about others, this book: * covers the interview, executive promotion decisions, and assessment centers; * examines performance appraisals and multisource (360 degree) feedback ratings; * addresses leadership cognitions, identifying training needs, coaching, and managing problem employees; and * includes chapters on cultural sensitivity, negotiations, group dynamics, and virtual teams.
Organizational Effectiveness: The Role of Psychology examines psychological approaches in organizations, not from the more common perspective of their impact on individuals, but in relation to how the work of psychologists impacts on the overall effectiveness of the organization. It also provides a critical review of what psychology has to offer; the way psychologists choose the problems they address, work with others, and evaluate and demonstrate the impact they have. Robertson, Callinan and Bartram have brought together leading researchers and practitioners in work and organizational psychology. Each chapter provides a review of current knowledge, practice, issues and future directions in their own area of expertise, with a focus on contributions and implications for organizational functioning and the wider arena of managerial thinking. This book is for anyone interested in understanding the complex relations between individual, group and organisational performance and effectiveness. It is a valuable and challenging resource for advanced students and practitioners of occupational psychology, organizational behaviour, HRM, and psychological consultancy in organizations.
Handbook of Workplace Assessment Given the trend for organizations to streamline their workforces and focus on acquiring and retaining only top talent, a key challenge has been how to use assessment programs to deliver a high-performing workforce that can drive revenues, shareholder value, growth, and long-term sustainability. The Handbook of Workplace Assessment directly addresses this challenge by presenting sound, evidence-based, and practical guidance for implementing assessment processes that will lead to exceptional decisions about people. The chapters in this book provide a wide range of perspectives from a world-renowned group of authors and reflect cutting-edge theory and practice. The Handbook of Workplace Assessment provides the framework for what should be assessed and why and shows how to ensure that assessment programs are of the highest quality reviews best practices for assessing capabilities across a wide variety of positions summarizes key strategic applications of assessment that include succession management, mergers, acquisitions and downsizings, identification of potential, and selection on a global scale highlights advances, trends, and issues in the assessment field including technology-based assessment, the legal environment, alternative validation strategies, flaws in assessment, and the strategic use of evaluation to link assessment to organizational priorities This SIOP Professional Practice Series Handbook will be applicable to HR professionals who are tasked with implementing an assessment program as well as for the users of assessments, including hiring managers and organizational leaders who are looking for direction on what to assess, what it will take, and how to realize the benefits of an assessment program. This Handbook is also intended for assessment professionals and researchers who build, validate, and implement assessments.
This book discusses how people evaluate themselves, relate to others who give them feedback, and process information about others. It examines how feedback is given and received in teams and cross-cultural organizations, and explores the impact that feedback has on changing technologies.
Evaluation—whether called by this name, quality assurance, audit, accreditation, or others—is an important social activity. Any organization that "lives in public" must now evaluate its activities, be evaluated by others, or evaluate others. What are the origins of this wave of evaluation? And, what worthwhile results emerge from it? The Evaluation Society argues that if we want to understand many of the norms, values, and expectations that we, sometimes unknowingly, bring to evaluation, we should explore how evaluation is demanded, formatted, and shaped by two great principles of social order: organization and society. With this understanding, we can more conscientiously participate in evaluation processes; better position ourselves to understand many of the mysteries, tensions, and paradoxes in evaluation; and use evaluation in a more informed way. After exploring the sociology and organization of evaluation in this landmark work, author Peter Dahler-Larsen concludes by discussing issues that are critical for the future of evaluation—as a discipline and a societal norm.
In July 2016 The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop with the goal of bringing together industrial and organizational (I-O) psychologists, experts on personnel selection and testing, forensic scientists, and other researchers whose work has a nexus with workforce needs in the forensic science field with a focus on pattern evidence. Participants reviewed the current status of selection and training of forensic scientists who specialize in pattern evidence and discussed how tools used in I-O psychology to understand elements of a task and measure aptitude and performance could address challenges in the pattern evidence domain of the forensic sciences. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
#1 NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • More than two million copies in print! The premier resource for how to deliver results in an uncertain world, whether you’re running an entire company or in your first management job. “A must-read for anyone who cares about business.”—The New York Times When Execution was first published, it changed the way we did our jobs by focusing on the critical importance of “the discipline of execution”: the ability to make the final leap to success by actually getting things done. Larry Bossidy and Ram Charan now reframe their empowering message for a world in which the old rules have been shattered, radical change is becoming routine, and the ability to execute is more important than ever. Now and for the foreseeable future: • Growth will be slower. But the company that executes well will have the confidence, speed, and resources to move fast as new opportunities emerge. • Competition will be fiercer, with companies searching for any possible advantage in every area from products and technologies to location and management. • Governments will take on new roles in their national economies, some as partners to business, others imposing constraints. Companies that execute well will be more attractive to government entities as partners and suppliers and better prepared to adapt to a new wave of regulation. • Risk management will become a top priority for every leader. Execution gives you an edge in detecting new internal and external threats and in weathering crises that can never be fully predicted. Execution shows how to link together people, strategy, and operations, the three core processes of every business. Leading these processes is the real job of running a business, not formulating a “vision” and leaving the work of carrying it out to others. Bossidy and Charan show the importance of being deeply and passionately engaged in an organization and why robust dialogues about people, strategy, and operations result in a business based on intellectual honesty and realism. With paradigmatic case histories from the real world—including examples like the diverging paths taken by Jamie Dimon at JPMorgan Chase and Charles Prince at Citigroup—Execution provides the realistic and hard-nosed approach to business success that could come only from authors as accomplished and insightful as Bossidy and Charan.
Organisational Behaviour (OB) is the study and application of knowledge about how people, individuals, and groups act in organisations. It does this by taking a system approach. That is, it interprets people-organisation relationships in terms of the whole person, whole group, whole organisation, and whole social system. Its purpose is to build better relationships by achieving human objectives, organisational objectives, and social objectives. The organisation's base rests on management's philosophy, values, vision and goals. This in turn drives the organisational culture which is composed of the formal organisation, informal organisation, and the social environment. The culture determines the type of leadership, communication, and group dynamics within the organisation. The workers perceive this as the quality of work life which directs their degree of motivation. The final outcomes are performance, individual satisfaction, and personal growth and development. All these elements combine to build the model or framework that the organisation operates from. This book presents carefully selected current research on this subject.