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How Many Subjects? is a practical guide to sample size calculations and general principles of cost-effective research. It introduces a simple technique of statistical power analysis which allows researchers to compute approximate sample sizes and power for a wide variety of research designs. Because the same technique is used with only slight modifications for different statistical tests, researchers can easily compare the sample sizes required by different designs and tests to make cost-effective decisions in planning a study. These comparisons, emphasized throughout the book, demonstrate important principles of design, measurement and analysis that are rarely discussed in courses or textbooks.
With increased emphasis on helping readers understand the context in which power calculations are done, this Second Edition of How Many Subjects? by Helena Chmura Kraemer and Christine Blasey introduces a simple technique of statistical power analysis that allows researchers to compute approximate sample sizes and power for a wide range of research designs. Because the same technique is used with only slight modifications for different statistical tests, researchers can then easily compare the sample sizes required by different designs and tests to make cost-effective decisions in planning a study. These comparisons demonstrate important principles of design, measurement, and analysis that are rarely discussed in courses or textbooks, making this book a valuable instructional resource as well as a must-have guide for frequent reference.
Do you want to get all A's and still have time to enjoy college? It's possible, but only by studying smarter, not harder. The College Success Cheat Sheet will show you how by helping you master the art and science of rapid, effective learning. Drawing from his journey of failing multiple classes in a community college to graduating with the President's Award from a private university and through interviews with top students from across the country, Jonathan Davidson shares the methods that great students use in order to stand out in college. Now, with this step-by-step guide, you can put these simple ideas into practice and learn how to: * Cut study time and boost long-term memory with the spacing effect, described by researchers as, "[O]ne of the most remarkable phenomena to emerge from laboratory research on learning." * Use English to conquer math * Review textbook chapters in ten minutes or less * Crush even the hardest timed exams * Commit plagiarism to learn how to write stronger papers * Sleep your way to straight A's * Find work during and after college Four years is too much of your life to spend cramming and stressing over your studies. With this guide to college success, you can earn the grades you want and still have time to make the most of your college years. "The College Success Cheat Sheet is efficient and effective while managing to be enjoyable at the same time. The witty, conversational style draws the reader in, and the techniques are based on solid science. I highly recommend it!" -Leslie R. Martin, PhD, co-author of The Longevity Project "Fun, witty, and full of priceless advice. I wish I'd had this book when I was a freshman." - Rachael Lang, college student
"This collection of essays from scholars across disciplines, institutions, and ranks offers diverse and multifaceted approaches to teaching about subjects that prove challenging and often uncomfortable for both the professor and the student. It encourages college educators to engage in forms of practice that do not pretend teachers and students are unaffected by world events and incidents that highlight social inequalities. Readers will find the collected essays useful for identifying new approaches to taking on the "difficult subjects" of race, gender, and sexuality."--Back cover.
How does contemporary literature contend with the power and responsibility of authorship, particularly when considering marginalized groups? How have the works of multiethnic authors challenged the notion that writing and authorship are neutral or universal? In Novel Subjects, Leah Milne offers a new way to look at multicultural literature by focusing on scenes of writing in contemporary works by authors with marginalized identities. These scenes, she argues, establish authorship as a form of radical self-care—a term we owe to Audre Lorde, who defines self-care as self-preservation and “an act of political warfare.” In engaging in this battle, the works discussed in this study confront limitations on ethnicity and nationality wrought by the institutionalization of multiculturalism. They also focus on identities whose mere presence on the cultural landscape is often perceived as vindictive or willful. Analyzing recent texts by Carmen Maria Machado, Louise Erdrich, Ruth Ozeki, Toni Morrison, and more, Milne connects works across cultures and nationalities in search of reasons for this recent trend of depicting writers as characters in multicultural texts. Her exploration uncovers fiction that embrace unacceptable or marginalized modes of storytelling—such as plagiarism, historical revisions, jokes, and lies—as well as inauthentic, invisible, and unexceptional subjects. These works ultimately reveal a shared goal of expanding the borders of belonging in ethnic and cultural groups, and thus add to the ever-evolving conversations surrounding both multicultural literature and self-care.
The design of school curriculums involves deep thought about the nature of knowledge and its value to learners and society. It is a serious responsibility that raises a number of questions. What is knowledge for? What knowledge is important for children to learn? How do we decide what knowledge matters in each school subject? And how far should the knowledge we teach in school be related to academic disciplinary knowledge? These and many other questions are taken up in What Should Schools Teach? The blurring of distinctions between pedagogy and curriculum, and between experience and knowledge, has served up a confusing message for teachers about the part that each plays in the education of children. Schools teach through subjects, but there is little consensus about what constitutes a subject and what they are for. This book aims to dispel confusion through a robust rationale for what schools should teach that offers key understanding to teachers of the relationship between knowledge (what to teach) and their own pedagogy (how to teach), and how both need to be informed by values of intellectual freedom and autonomy. This second edition includes new chapters on Chemistry, Drama, Music and Religious Education, and an updated chapter on Biology. A revised introduction reflects on emerging discourse around decolonizing the curriculum, and on the relationship between the knowledge that children encounter at school and in their homes.