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While passing through Newburgh Bay in 1609, explorer Henry Hudson's shipmate noted that the locale would be ideal for a village. True to his prediction, some 200 years later Newburgh was incorporated as a village and has since become the Queen City of the Hudson. It is a city of historical reputation. Here, Gen. George Washington awarded the first Purple Heart and wrote his famous letter refusing to become a king. The Newburgh site known today as Washington's Headquarters is America's first historic preservation building--the 1750 Hasbrouck House. Newburgh provides a glimpse into the city's past, with chapters that tell the story of a city of industry and innovation. Newburgh had telephone service as early as 1879 and was the second city to have a street illumined by an electric light bulb. Its East End contains the largest historic district in the state, covering a total of 445 acres from the Hudson riverfront westward. Within the district are rare examples of Greek Revival, Federal, Italianate, and Second Empire designs.
For over 130 years, the Erie Railroad's Newburgh branch was a key factor in the economic and social life of the city of Newburgh, New York, and the towns that had stations along its 19-mile route between Newburgh and the Erie main line. Only five miles of this once vital rail link survive today. Looking at this lightly used rail spur today, the casual passerby would have no hint of the rich history that can be seen for only a moment from the car window. Erie Railroad's Newburgh Branch will take both dedicated and new railfans back to the days when rail travel was every town's modern mode of transport as well as its economic lifeblood. It was a simpler time, before the age of air travel and America's love affair with a new invention called the automobile.
This eleventh edition was developed during the encyclopaedia's transition from a British to an American publication. Some of its articles were written by the best-known scholars of the time and it is considered to be a landmark encyclopaedia for scholarship and literary style.