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This volume records the lives and efforts of some of the prophets preceeding the birth of Mohammad. It devotes most of its message to two towering figures--Abraham, the Friend of God, and his great-grandson, Joseph. The story is not, however simply a repetition of Biblical tales in a slightly altered form, for Ṭabarī sees the ancient pre-Islamic Near East as an area in which the histories of three different peoples are acted out, occasionally meeting and intertwining. Thus ancient Iran, Israel, and Arabia serve as the stages on which actors such as Biwarasb, the semi-legendary Iranian king, Noah and his progeny, and the otherwise unknown Arabian prophets Hud and Salih appear and act. In the pages of this volume we read of the miraculous birth and early life of Abraham, and of his struggle against his father's idolatry. God grants him sons--Ishmael from Hagar and Isaac from Sarah--and the conflicts between the two mothers, the subsequent expulsion of Hagar, and her settling in the vicinity of Mecca, all lead to the story of Abraham's being commanded to build God's sanctuary there. Abraham is tested by God, both by being commanded to sacrifice his son (and here Ṭabarī shows his fairness be presenting the arguments of Muslim scholars as to whether that son was Ishmael or Isaac) and by being given commandments to follow both in personal behavior and in ritual practice. The account of Abraham is interlaced with tales of the cruel tyrant Nimrod, who tried in vain both to burn Abraham in fire and to reach the heavens to fight with God. The story of Abraham's nephew Lot and the wicked people of Sodom also appears here, with the scholars once again arguing--this time over what the exact crimes were for which the Sodomites were destroyed. Before proceeding to the story of Joseph, which is recounted in great detail, we linger over the accounts of two figures associated with ancient Arabia in Muslim tradition: the Biblical Job, who despite his trials and sufferings does not rail against God, and Shu'ayb, usually associated with the Biblical Jethro, the priest of Midian and father-in-law of Moses. Finally we meet Joseph, whose handsome appearance, paternal preference, and subsequent boasting to his brothers lead to his being cast into a pit and ending up as a slave in Egypt. His career is traced in some detail: the attempted seduction by Potiphar's wife, his imprisonment and eventual release after becoming able to interpret dreams, and his rise to power as ruler of Egypt. The volume ends with the moving story of Joseph's reunion with his brothers, the tragi-comic story of how he reveals himself to them, and the final reunion with his aged father who is brought to Egypt to see his son's power and glory. This is proto-history told in fascinating detail, of us in different contexts, as well as of others completely unknown to Western readers.
During the early medieval Islamic expansion in the seventh to eleventh centuries, al-Hind (India and its Indianized hinterland) was characterized by two organizational modes: the long-distance trade and mobile wealth of the peripheral frontier states, and the settled agriculture of the heartland. These two different types of social, economic, and political organization were successfully fused during the eleventh to thirteenth centuries, and India became the hub of world trade. During this period, the Middle East declined in importance, Central Asia was unified under the Mongols, and Islam expanded far into the Indian subcontinent. Instead of being devastated by the Mongols, who were prevented from penetrating beyond the western periphery of al-Hind by the absence of sufficient good pasture land, the agricultural plains of North India were brought under Turko-Islamic rule in a gradual manner in a conquest effected by professional armies and not accompanied by any large-scale nomadic invasions. The result of the conquest was, in short, the revitalization of the economy of settled agriculture through the dynamic impetus of forced monetization and the expansion of political dominion. Islamic conquest and trade laid the foundation for a new type of Indo-Islamic society in which the organizational forms of the frontier and of sedentary agriculture merged in a way that was uniquely successful in the late medieval world at large, setting the Indo-Islamic world apart from the Middle East and China in the same centuries. Please note that The Slave Kings and the Islamic Conquest, 11th-13th Centuries was previously published by Brill in hardback (ISBN 90 04 10236 1, still available).
American History volume 2 gives a wide overview of America’s history from the end of the Civil War era, to the political and cultural struggles of contemporary times. Thomas S. Kidd employs lessons learned from his own scholarly expertise and history classes to weave together a compelling narrative of the defeats and triumphs that have defined the American national experience. Unlike many textbooks of modern American history, religion and faith remain central aspects of the book’s coverage, through present-day America. It gives detailed treatment of episodes such as America’s military conflicts, the Civil Rights movement, and the culture wars of the past half-century. Professor Kidd also considers the development of America’s obsession with entertainment, from the rise of the first movies, to the social media age. American History volume 2 will help students wrestle with the political and cultural changes that have dramatically transformed contemporary American life
The University of Alabama (UA) is one of the most prominent universities in the US. Volume One of this series explored UA’s birth, formative years, its burning by Union soldiers, and its rebirth in 1871. Volume Two noted the adolescent years of the school, rebellion by the students against the military system of government, the rise of a student culture via the admission of women, and a nascent men’s sports program. This third volume explores rising enrollment and a new style of student governance. The book investigates how UA dealt with student smoking, cursing, and hazing. It covers how UA became nationally respected academically, the rise of a successful sports program, the first use of the phrase “Crimson Tide,” the history of the Million Dollar Band and how “Yea, Alabama” became the school fight song, the UA/Auburn rift, and the UA response to WWI and to the women’s rights movement.
Dato’ Philosopher Dr. Halo-N Member of Supreme Council of Humanity, Universal State of Earth, United Nations (http://www.wpf-unesco.org/eng/use/suprcoun.htm), Head, World Philosophical Forum, Malaysia National Branch. Aristocrats of The Earth – XXI. The Earth – XXI Citizen (Id. No. 000 000 070) (http://www.wpf-unesco.org). The First Al-Quranic Scientist of The World. The International Gusi Peace Prize Laureate (http://www.gusipeaceprizeinternational.org). Expert in Future Monetary Predictions, Mathematical Engineering. Specialized on Islam ideology. The Founder of Gual Periok Foundation and social activist. He is also an author. His book in English, Al Fathun Nawa is known as the first book delivering several theories in science Al Quran. Including four (4) theories of Science Natural Products and Bio Chemistry: Nine Star Halo-N Theory, Nawiah 9x45 (1) Theory, Nawiah 9x45 (2) Theory, Halo-N 9.2 Homolength Theory. Beside sixteen (16) other known theories including: Carbon Indoorent Theory, Indoorent Carbon Hybrid Theory, Cardiac Methane Helium Theory, Cardiac Oxy Methane Spark Theory, Oxy Methane Carbon Hybrid Theory, Explosion Heart Beat Theory, Mind Heart Delighting Theory, Down Turn Heart Beat Theory, Recover Heart Beat Theory, Heart Beat Efficient Theory, Oxy Methane Spark Flame Theory, Piston Heart Beat Theory, Carbon Dioxide Breath Theory and Nitrogen Cancer Bite Theory. All these are particular theories involve in the process of expelling electron from atom of oxygen O and Nitrogen N to produce new species of CH6 , CH4 , C2H8 , 4-Helium, C2H6N , C2H8 , CH2 and NO. The new species as mentioned were born from the theories have been produced from research extracted the verse of Noble Quran indeed. Source : World Philosophical Forum, Athens -2015
The Works of Ibn Wāḍiḥ al-Yaʿqūbī, a three volume set, contains a fully annotated translation of the extant writings of Abū al-ʿAbbās al-Yaʿqūbī, a Muslim imperial official and polymath of the third/ninth century, along with an introduction to these works and a biographical sketch of their author. The most important of the works are the History (Ta’rikh) and his Geography (Kitab al-buldan). It also contains a new translation of al-Yaʿqūbī’s political essay (Mushakalat al-nas) and a set of fragmentary texts drawn from other Arabic medieval works. Al-Yaʿqūbī’s writings are among the earliest surviving Arabic-language works of the Islamic period, and thus offer an invaluable body of evidence on patterns of early Islamic history, social and economic organization, and cultural production. Contributors: Laila Asser, Paul Cobb, Lawrence I. Conrad, Elton Daniel, Fred Donner, Michael Fishbein, Matthew S. Gordon, Sidney H. Griffith, Wadad Kadi (al-Qāḍī), Lutz Richter-Bernberg, Chase F. Robinson, Everett K. Rowson The hardback edition of this title is also available as part of a 3-volume set (hardback, ISBN 978-90-04-35608-5), click here.