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The South Carolina 19th Infantry Regiment was organized during the winter of 1861-1862. It, along with the 18th was created as the last of the units formed in 1861 and did not participate in the early deployment. The 19th was involved the reorganization of the troops in the spring of 1862. They then moved to Mississippi, then to Kentucky where it saw action at Munfordsville. The 19th served with the Army of Tennessee from Murfreesboro to Atlanta, fought with Hood in Tennessee, and was active in the South Carolina Campaign and the North Carolina operations. The regiment lost 8 killed and 72 wounded at Murfreesboro, and the 10th/19th sustained 236 casualties at Chickamauga and totaled 436 men and 293 arms in December, 1863. During the Atlanta Campaign, July 22-28, the 19th reported 12 killed, 60 wounded, and 25 missing, and there were 9 killed, 34 wounded, and 8 missing at Ezra Church. It surrendered on April 26, 1865, with 76 men.
The South Carolina 2nd Regiment Rifles was organized during the spring of 1862 using the 5th South Carolina Battalion Rifles as its nucleus. It was organized from extra companies initially intended for Orr's Rifles. These companies were organized into a battalion that was officially designated the Fifth South Carolina Infantry Battalion. The unit served in South Carolina, then was ordered to Virginia and assigned to General Jenkins' and Bratton's Brigade. It participated in the Seven Days' Battles and the conflicts at Second Manassas, Sharpsburg, and Fredericksburg. Later the regiment was with Longstreet at Suffolk and D.H. Hill in North Carolina. It moved again with Longstreet but did not take part in the Battle of Chickamauga. The unit was involved in the Knoxville operations, returned to Virginia, and saw action at The Wilderness, Spotsylvania, and Cold Harbor. After enduring the hardships of the Petersburg siege south and north of the James River, it ended the war at Appomattox.
The South Carolina 10th Infantry Regiment was organized at Camp Marion, near Georgetown, South Carolina, in July, 1861. Its members were raised in the counties of Georgetown, Horry, Williamsburg, Marion, and Charleston. The regiment moved to Cat Island where many of the men suffered from typhoid fever, measles, and mumps. In March, 1862, it was sent to Mississippi, then in the Kentucky Campaign it was involved in the capture of Munfordsville. During the war it was assigned to General Manigault's and Sharp's Brigade and from September, 1863 to April, 1864, was consolidated with the 19th Regiment. The unit served with the Army of Tennessee from Murfreesboro to Atlanta, endured Hood's winter campaign in Tennessee, and saw action in North Carolina. It lost 16 killed, 91 wounded, and 2 missing at Murfreesboro, and the 10th/19th had 236 killed or wounded at Chickamauga and totaled 436 men and 293 arms in December, 1863. During the Atlanta Campaign, July 20-28, the 10th Regiment lost 19 of 24 officers engaged.
The South Carolina 23rd Infantry Regiment [also called Coast Rangers] was assembled at Charleston, South Carolina, in November, 1861. Most of the men were from Horry, Georgetown, Charleston, and Colleton counties. After being stationed in South Carolina, the regiment moved to Virginia and during the war served in General Evans', Elliot's, and Wallace's Brigade.
The South Carolina 2nd Heavy Artillery Regiment also known as the 1st Artillery Regiment, was organized at Charleston, South Carolina, during the spring of 1862 using the 2nd South Carolina Artillery Battalion as its nucleus. This unit had enlisted in August, 1861, and went into service at Camp Butler, near Aiken. The 2nd Artillery spent the entire war in and around Charleston and completed their service fighting against Sherman in the Carolinas Campaign. Companies of the SC 2nd Artillery Regiment Company A - Barnwell District Company B - Barnwell and surrounding Districts Company C - Orangeburg District Company D - Darlington District and surrounding counties. Company E - Barnwell District, Aiken area. A few men from Lexington District and Edgefield District Company F - Orangeburg District (Branchville area) Company G - Barnwell District Company H - Barnwell District Company I - - Orangeburg District Company K - Edgefield District
Following its Secession from the Union in December, 1860, South Carolina militia seized Castle Pinckney and the Charleston Arsenal and their supplies of arms and ammunition. On January 9, 1861, Citadel cadets fired upon the merchant ship Star of the West as it was entering Charleston's harbor. The ship had been sent by the Buchanan administration with relief supplies of men and material for Ft. Sumter's small garrison. As the new Confederate States of America came into being late that winter, old and abandoned forts were revamped around Charleston to focus upon the massive, though not completed, Federal fort. This book is the story of the men who fought in Charleston until its fall, then participated in the Carolina's Campaign to its bitter end.
The North Carolina 34th Infantry Regiment was assembled at High Point, North Carolina, in October, 1861. Its members were recruited in the counties of Ashe, Rutherford, Rowan, Lincoln, Cleveland, Mecklenburg, and Montgomery. After serving in the Department of North Carolina, it was sent to Virginia and placed in General Pender's and Scales' Brigade. The 34th was active in the many campaigns of the army from the Seven Days' Battles to Cold Harbor and later participated in the Petersburg siege south of the James River and the operations around Appomattox.
In 1861, a Battle Cry of Freedom rang out across the hills and valleys of western Virginia. For the mountaineers of Virginia, there were definitely shades of gray, with some being strongly Confederate and others having family ties to the Union. While the men fought and died all across the battlefields of Virginia and at Gettysburg, the Confederate Women remained unvanquished. This book includes almost 50 letters from and to sweethearts left at home to face the war alone. The Virginia 45th Infantry Regiment (which was sometimes incorrectly identified as the 4th Virginia Infantry) was formed in May, 1861, with men from Tazewell, Wythe, Grayson, Carroll, and Bland counties. It was first assigned to Echols', G.C. Wharton's, and Forsberg's Brigade, and served in Western Virginia. It was then assigned to duty in the Army of the Kanawha. It fought mostly in the mountainous area that today encompasses the border regions of Virginia and West Virginia, and was part of Jubal Early's Army of the Valley during the Valley Campaigns of 1864. The 45th missed most of the major battles in Virginia, but their duty was not light. It served in the Department of Western Virginia, the Army of Western Virginia, the Army of Western Virginia and East Tennessee, and back in the Department of Western Virginia before ending its service in the Army of the Valley District. The regiment's original commanding officer, Henry Heth, was promoted to the rank of Brigadier-General on January 6, 1862. Nominated to the rank of Major-General, effective October 10, 1862, this nomination was not approved by the Confederate Congress. He was re-nominated to this rank on May 24, 1863, and this time his promotion was approved. He held this rank for the duration of the war. Troops of Heth's division opened the Battle of Gettysburg, Pennsylvania on July 1, 1863. The regiment fought at Carnifex Ferry, reporting 26 killed, 96 wounded, 46 captured, and 6 missing in the fight at Cloyd's Mountain; then saw action in the Shenandoah Valley. It sustained many casualties at Third Winchester. When the news of the surrender of Confederate forces under General Lee reached the area in which the Forty-Fifth Infantry was stationed, it was decided to disband the unit rather than continue resistance. Company A - "The Floyd Guard"; Capt. Joseph Harrison. Comprised of men from Tazewell County. Company B - "The Mount Airy Rough and Ready"; Capt. John Buchanan. Wythe County men. Company C - "The Grayson Rifles"; Capt. Alexander M. Davis. Grayson County men. Company D - "The Minute Men"; Capt. Robert H. Gleaves. Wythe County men. Company E - Enlisted May 29, 1861, but unofficial reports indicate that the company had been organized two weeks earlier. Nicknamed "The Rough and Readys"; Capt. William Lundy. Carroll County men. Company F - "The Sharpshooters"; Capt. Andrew J. Grayson. Bland County men. Company G - "The West Augusta Rifles"; Capt. William H. Browne. Tazewell County men. Company H - "The Tazewell Rangers"; Capt. Edwin H. Harman. Tazewell County men. Company I - "The Reed Island Rifles"; Capt. Thomas D. Bolt. Carroll County men. Company K - "The Tazewell Boys"; Capt. Titus V. Williams. Tazewell County men. Company L - Enlisted September 3, 1861. Comprised of men from Tazewell County.
The Mississippi 4th Infantry Regiment was organized at Grenada as the Fourth Regiment, Second Brigade, Army of Mississippi, and enlisted for twelve months. The Fourth was among the troops posted at Fort Henry on the Tennessee River, under General Lloyd Tilghman. The troops were transferred to Fort Donelson and there captured. Following exchange they were then surrendered at Vicksburg and continued throughout the remainder of the war in the Atlanta Campaign, Franklin, and Nashville, ending the war in the defense of Mobile.