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Excerpt from Historical Patterns of Western Spruce Budworm and Douglas-Fir Tussock Moth Outbreaks in the Northern Blue Mountains, Oregon, Since A. D. 1700 The objectives of this study were to reconstruct and analyze a multicentury history of budworm and tussock moth outbreaks in old-growth mixed-conifer stands of the north ern Blue Mountains and Eagle Cap edemess in northeastern Oregon. We were par ticularly interested in assessing possible changes in outbreak dynamics in the 2oth century relative to previous centuries. Our starting point for this study was observa tions of radial growth responses to defoliation by these two insects in previous tree ring studies conducted within the region (brubaker 1978; Brubaker and Greene 1979; Vcman 1980, From this work it was evident that characteristic tree-ring pat terns (hereafter called signatures) caused by budworms and tussock moths might be detected and isolated in radial increment time series. Following this lead, we applied dendrochronological methods developed and demonstrated in the southern Rocky Mountains (swetnam and others 1985; Swetnam and Lynch 1989, 1993) to tree-ring collections from the Blue Mountains. In this paper, we describe the results of our investigations in the northern Blue Mountains; we focused primarily on the historical patterns of change in regional-scale outbreaks among all sampled stands. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.