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The cooperative work between Hiroshige and Kunisada (1854 -1855) is probably the most romantic of all the Tokaido editions. Both Hiroshige and Kunisada did their own individual versions with the same type of theme - a combination of landscape and often unrelated portraits based in legend and other motifs. But they did not rise to the level of elegance of the "Two Brush" Tokaido. The figures and the landscape are very well balanced and the colors are fresh and joyful. The "Two Brush" Tokaido is both a tour through the landscape of Japan and a cultural introduction. The reason for the combination of landscape and theater was to circumvent censorship of the popular kabuki theater prints.
The cooperative work between Hiroshige and Kunisada (1854-1855) is probably the most romantic of all the Tokaido editions. Both Hiroshige and Kunisada did their own individual versions with the same type of theme - a combination of landscape and often unrelated portraits based in legend and other motifs. But they did not rise to the level of elegance of the "Two Brush" Tokaido. The figures and the landscape are very well balanced and the colors are fresh and joyful. The "Two Brush" Tokaido is both a tour through the landscape of Japan and a cultural introduction. The reason for the combination of landscape and theater was to circumvent censorship of the popular kabuki theater prints.
The Two Brushes Tokaido is a collaborative effort by two great Japanese print artists of their time - Hiroshige and Kunisada. It is both a tour through the landscape of Edo Period Japan and a cultural introduction.
The cooperative work between Hiroshige and Kunisada (1854 -1855) is probably the most romantic of all the Tokaido editions. Both Hiroshige and Kunisada did their own individual versions with the same type of theme - a combination of landscape and often unrelated portraits based in legend and other motifs. But they did not rise to the level of elegance of the "Two Brush" Tokaido. The figures and the landscape are very well balanced and the colors are fresh and joyful. The "Two Brush" Tokaido is both a tour through the landscape of Japan and a cultural introduction. The reason for the combination of landscape and theater was to circumvent censorship of the popular kabuki theater prints.
The Two Brushes Tokaido is a collaborative effort by two great Japanese print artists of their time - Hiroshige and Kunisada. It is both a tour through the landscape of Edo Period Japan and a cultural introduction.
The 53 Stations of the Tokaido by Utagawa Kunisada (1786 - 12 January 1865) is both a tour through the landscape of Japan and a cultural introduction. But first of all it is a fashion magazine about beautiful, young and stylish Japanese women in 1838. These young beauties were one of the subjects Kunisada excelled in. Kunisada show beautiful girls from all walks of life, explorers and adventurers, musicians, theater stars, imperial concubines, country girls, business women. They all have beauty and great fashion taste as the common denominator. His landscapes were a means of circumventing censorship especially of theater prints and pin-up prints of pretty ladies, bijin-ga. The work is probably one of the most romantic of all the Tokaido series.
All the way through Hiroshige follows certain design principles of proportion of elements, arranging elements and views by diagonals and parallels and balancing of color elements. Compared to most of his other Tokaido series Hiroshige in Aritaya focus on letting the landscape tell the story instead of letting people or legend do that, although this is not followed through completely.
Keisai Eisen (1790 -1848) is especially known for his bijin-ga, pretty women, and landscapes. He is well known for his participation in the series 69 stations of the Nakasendo together with Hiroshige. The series A Tokaido Board Game of Courtesans, Fifty-three Pairings in the Yoshiwara use the Tokaido with landscape inserts as an excuse for showing courtesans and geisha, bijin-ga, to skirt the censorship. It was published 1821-1823. His bijin-ga are considered to be masterpieces of the "decadent" Bunsei Era (1818-1830). Most of them have impressive hairdo with many ornamental hairpins and combs. Their dress is extravagant with beautiful patterns and sublime embroideries. Their faces are elongated squares with long noses and small pouted painted mouths. Courtesans were desirable for their rich and splendid attire, not so much for their beauty and their names were actually like trademarks for a series of girls performing the same name role with the brothel in question.
This series, Fifty-three Pairings of the Tokaido Road, Tokaido gojusan tsui, popularly called Pairs Tokaido or 53 Parallels for the Tokaido Road, was published in 1845-1846. It is a unique cooperation between three artists: Utagawa Hiroshige, Utagawa Kunisada and Utagawa Kuniyoshi and five publishers: Ibaya Kyubei, (Ibaya Senzaburo (Dansendo)) and Kojimaya Jubei, Enshuya Matabei, Ebiya Rinnosuke (Kaijudo) and Iseya Ichibei. The special feature of this Pairs Tokaido is the pairing of a print for each station with a legend, a wonderful, dramatic, historic or supranatural story. These stories are told partly by the print theme, partly by accompanying text in a cartouche. Sometimes there is a poem. It is a very enjoyable tour!
Vincent Van Gogh (1853 – 1890) is often mentioned as one of the best examples of Japonism, Western art inspired by Japanese art. Van Gogh was infatuated with a vision of Japanese art. He experienced this mainly from Japanese woodblock prints which became widely available after Commodore Matthew Perry forced Japan to open with the Convention of Kanagawa in 1854 after abt 250 years of seclusion. Van Gogh and his brother Theo dealt in these prints for a while and Van Gogh´s studio was literally plastered with them. Van Gogh vision of Japan was a mythical fantasy, an ideal for the artist, and he even tried to establish an artist´s colony to live out this dream. Japan, on the other hand, and especially the woodblock print artists, were inspired by earlier Dutch engraved prints, which had a profound influence on artists like Katsushika Hokusai from abt 1800. It was from these prints Western perspective entered into Japanese art. In the period from abt 1800 to 1850 Japanese prints evolved with Hokusai´s 36 Views of Mt Fuji and became the inspiration that met painters like van Gogh. In a way, what these Western artists saw, was a Japanese mirror of their own processed artistic tradition.