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Farmers in the Forest, while using examples chiefly from northern Thailand, is concerned with complex problems found in all tropical countries. In these areas rapid population growth, increasing demands for food, and burgeoning international markets for forest products and other raw materials are associated with active competition for land and natural resources in upland areas. This book brings together studies by administrators, agronomists, anthropologists, forest ecologists, geographers and jurists, who describe a variety of swidden systems and their effect on soil, forest, society, and economy. They point to conflicts between traditional farming systems and modern legal and administrative constraints now being imposed, and they describe special and technological conditions that contribute to a marginal, stagnant upland economy, increasing socio-economic disparities with the lowlands, and the serious ecological consequences of these conditions. Several possible solutions are suggested to solve these problems.
A summary of research into cattle and sheep in the northern highlands of Thailand, focussing on nutrition and health within a social context. The work includes an early wide sociological survey to inform research planning of major issues in an area previously misunderstood by approaches to render it similar to the lowlands or Western practices. It presents comparative studies on liveweight gain and foreshadows the development of the region.
Today over 2000 Palaung--a group of mountain peoples speaking Mon-Khmer--live in a handful of villages north of Chiang Mai in Thailand. They fled from Burma in the 1980s to escape the fighting between communist insurgents and Burmese army troops. Though granted sanctuary, in the late 1990s many of the Palaung in Thailand found themselves involved in a new conflict over land use in northern Thailand's environmentally degraded highlands. This is the first book written on the Palaung in Thailand, a compelling collaborative effort by anthropologist Michael Howard and Thai artist Wattana Wattanapun. They introduce the Palaung culture and way of life, telling the story of the Palaung's flight from Burma and settlement in Thailand. Howard's photographs and Wattana's drawings enliven the account.
Shifting cultivation supports around 200 million people in the Asia-Pacific region alone. It is often regarded as a primitive and inefficient form of agriculture that destroys forests, causes soil erosion and robs lowland areas of water. These misconceptions and their policy implications need to be challenged. Swidden farming could support carbon sequestration and conservation of land, biodiversity and cultural heritage. This comprehensive analysis of past and present policy highlights successes and failures and emphasizes the importance of getting it right for the future. This book is enhanced with supplementary resources. The addendum chapters can be found at: www.cabi.org/openresources/91797
Esays on various ethic groups in mainland Southeast Asia including the Mon, Karen, Yao, Hmong, and various Tai groups.