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This book is a comprehensive compilation of chapters on materials (both established and evolving) and material technologies that are important for aerospace systems. It considers aerospace materials in three Parts. Part I covers Metallic Materials (Mg, Al, Al-Li, Ti, aero steels, Ni, intermetallics, bronzes and Nb alloys); Part II deals with Composites (GLARE, PMCs, CMCs and Carbon based CMCs); and Part III considers Special Materials. This compilation has ensured that no important aerospace material system is ignored. Emphasis is laid in each chapter on the underlying scientific principles as well as basic and fundamental mechanisms leading to processing, characterization, property evaluation and applications. This book will be useful to students, researchers and professionals working in the domain of aerospace materials.
The vapor pressure of each of the niobium-zinc compounds was measured as a function of temperature. The kinetics of formation of the niobiumzinc compounds on pure niobium from zinc vapor were investigated, and oxidation tests were made on several coatings applied with zinc vapor. The mechanisms involved and the kinetics of the removal of interstitial impurities from niobium by the niobium-zinc compounds were also studied. Further studies of the effects of alloying elements added to the zinc bath used to coat niobium by the dip process confirmed that small amounts of nickel and aluminum in the proper combination are beneficial. (Author).
This report was prepared by Hughes Aircraft Company, Culver City, California under Contract No. F33615-70-C-1348. The work was administered under the direction of the Air Force Materials Laboratory, Air Force Systems Cornrnand, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, with Mr. B. Emrich, Project Engineer. The Electronic Properties Information Center (EPIC) is a designated inforrnation Analysis Center of the Departrnent of Defense, authorized to provide inforrnation to the entire DoD cornrnunity. The purpose of the Center is to provide a highly competent source of inforrnation and data on the electronic, optical and magnetic properties of materials of value to the Department of Defense. Its major function is to evaluate, compile and publish the experimental data from the world's unclassified literature concerned with the properties of materials. All materials relevant to the field of electronics are within the scope of EPIC: insulators, semiconductors, metals, superconductors, ferrites, ferroelectrics, ferromagnetics, electro luminescents, therrnionic emitters and optical materials. The Center's scope includes inforrnation on over 100 basic properties of materials; information generally regarded as being in the area of devices and/or circuitry is excluded. Grateful acknowledgement is made for the review and comments of Dr. G. D. Cody of RCA Laboratories and Dr. B. W. Roberts of General Electric Co. V CONTENTS Introduction •. . ••••. . . ••••. . . . . . •• 1 Superconductivity Applications •••• 3 Niobium-Hydrogen •. . ••. •. ••. ••. . •• 15 Niobium-Antimony. • . . . • . • • • • . • • . • • .
Niobium base alloys are very attractive as high temperature materials for advanced gas turbine applications. After many conventional metallurgical approaches, a high temperature creep resistant alloy has yet to be identified which will replace nickel base superalloys. The best chance for obtaining high temperature creep resistance in these alloys is through dispersion strengthening with a stable precipitate that is introduced through rapid solidification. This would result in a very fine dispersion of nonshearable precipitates that would not coarsen upon long term exposure at temperatures in excess of 1200 C.A study has been conducted here to identify such a stable dispersion, fabricate alloys through solidification approach and characterize the coarsening of the resulting precipitates. A thermodynamic argument is presented to select candidate dispersions for evaluation. Arc melted and splat quenched alloys were fabricated and evaluated through micro-hardness measurements. An indirect assessment of particle stability is introduced which resulted in a coarsening parameter determined for each candidate precipitate at 1400 C. Microscopic examination of the more stable alloys were made via optical and thin foil TEM analyses. Tensile and strain-rate sensitivity tests were run on these alloys at 1400 C. Niobium, Dispersion strengthening, High temperature strength, Particle coarsening, Refractory metals, Niobium alloys. (jes).