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Originally published in 1990 this book provides an authoritative and detailed account of the initiatives of US state governments with science and technology programs designed to foster economic growth. Two key questions are posed: Do state governments have policy instruments that are sufficiently powerful to affect thelevels and growth rates of their regional economies? and Are national and global economic forces so powerful that they render state action ineffective? Several subsidiary themes are discusses in this context, namely: the most commonly used policy instruments, the impacts on federalism and on governance and how well the universities and other educational institutions serve the economic activities imposed on them.
This title was first published in 2003. Korea has had considerable success in developing its high technology industries and these have become significant employers in this region. By analysing the situation in Korea, this book explores the effects of dynamic externalities on the growth of regional employment in the high-technology industries. It puts forward innovative simultaneous equation models to test three sets of hypotheses related to so-called 'Jacobs', and 'MAR' effects, differentiated by firm size, organizational type and product. Clear evidence is found for endogenous technological progress marked by positive feedback, especially for small firms in diversified high-technology enclaves. There are technological externalities associated with knowledge spillovers, and local employment has indirect effects on employment growth via dynamic externalities. The implications for local economic development policy are outlined in a concluding section. -
In recent years state and local governments, universities, and private sector groups have become increasingly active in promoting technological innovation and technology-based business development in their local economies. These efforts have resulted in productive new forms of partnership and cooperation at all levels. While federal programs have sometimes supported these efforts, and while recent changes in federal policy have improved the climate for high technology development initiatives, in most cases both the initiative and the ongoing leadership have come from imaginative state and local leaders. This five-chapter report provides: (1) an overview of high-technology development (HTD); (2) a definition and analysis of high-technology industries; (3) a discussion of entrepreneurship and venture capital in HTD; (4) a discussion of state and local government, university, and private sector initiatives for HTD; and (5) an examination of the federal role in regional HTD. Three reports are appended: they concern (1) the theoretical base for high-technology location and regional development, (2) a regional assessment of the formation and growth in high-technology firms, and (3) a preliminary investigation of recent evidence on high-technology industries' spatial tendencies. One factor examined in the latter report is the nature and diversity among high-technology industries in both growth performance and locational tendencies. (JN).
First Published in 2004. Since the second half of the seventies, a period of economic recession, a growing interest for technological change can be noticed in all ‘old’ industrial countries. The reason for this phenomenon is the conviction that the economic future of these countries will depend to a large degree on their ability to create new products and processes and to make these commercially viable. Hence the stimulation and subsidising of all kinds of Research and Development (R&D) activities by the governments of these countries. Against this background it was certainly not unexpected that the IGU Commisson on Industrial Change, presided by Godfrey Linge, decided to organise a congress on ‘Technology and Industrial Change.’ This congress was held in August 1985 at Nijmegen in the Netherlands. In this book some of the papers presented there are published. We are very happy that we were allowed to include the very interesting contributions of the representatives of Philips in Eindhoven and of the European Commission in Brussels.
This book is the first collection of scholarly writings on science and technology parks (STPs) that has an international perspective. It explores concrete ways to systematically collect information on public and private organizations related to their support of and activities in STPs, including incubation to start-up and scale-up, and collaborations with centers of knowledge creation. Rather than perpetuate the qualitative assessment of successful practices, the focus of this book is to present quantitative and qualitative evidence of the impact of STPs on regional development and to raise awareness on the importance of systematic data collection and analysis. Only through a systematic collection of data on fiscal identification numbers of companies, universities, and university spin-offs will it be possible to conduct current and especially future analyses on the impact of STPs on entrepreneurship, effectiveness of technology transfer, and regional economic development. To this extent, the synergistic views of academics, representatives from STPs, and policy experts are crucial.
"By far the most sophisticated treatment of industrial structure and spatial organization in the Southern California manufacturing system. The analysis powerfully combines cogent historical narratives, revealing statistical profiles, and incisive empirical and theoretical discussion. . . . Long overdue given the region's obvious importance to the American and world economies."--Richard Gordon, University of California, Santa Cruz "By far the most sophisticated treatment of industrial structure and spatial organization in the Southern California manufacturing system. The analysis powerfully combines cogent historical narratives, revealing statistical profiles, and incisive empirical and theoretical discussion. . . . Long overdue given the region's obvious importance to the American and world economies."--Richard Gordon, University of California, Santa Cruz