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This open access book provides a comprehensive overview of the application of the newest laser and microscope/ophthalmoscope technology in the field of high resolution imaging in microscopy and ophthalmology. Starting by describing High-Resolution 3D Light Microscopy with STED and RESOLFT, the book goes on to cover retinal and anterior segment imaging and image-guided treatment and also discusses the development of adaptive optics in vision science and ophthalmology. Using an interdisciplinary approach, the reader will learn about the latest developments and most up to date technology in the field and how these translate to a medical setting. High Resolution Imaging in Microscopy and Ophthalmology – New Frontiers in Biomedical Optics has been written by leading experts in the field and offers insights on engineering, biology, and medicine, thus being a valuable addition for scientists, engineers, and clinicians with technical and medical interest who would like to understand the equipment, the applications and the medical/biological background. Lastly, this book is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Gerhard Zinser, co-founder of Heidelberg Engineering GmbH, a scientist, a husband, a brother, a colleague, and a friend.
This book gives a survey of and systematic introduction to high-resolution electron microscopy. The method is carefully discussed, the latest developments are reported, and the application to surface and interface analysis and to the study of hidden structures is presented. The book arises from research carried out at one of the world's leading centers of electron microscopy. It will appeal to researchers and advanced students.
Novel physical solutions, including new results in the field of adaptive methods and inventive approaches to inverse problems, original concepts based on high harmonic imaging algorithms, intriguing vibro-acoustic imaging and vibro-modulation technique, etc. were successfully introduced and verified in numerous studies of industrial materials and biomaterials in the last few years. Together with the above mentioned traditional academic and practical avenues in ultrasonic imaging research, intriguing scientific discussions have recently surfaced and will hopefully continue to bear fruits in the future. The goal of this book is to provide an overview of the recent advances in high-resolution ultrasonic imaging techniques and their applications to biomaterials evaluation and industrial materials. The result is a unique collection of papers presenting novel results and techniques that were developed by leading research groups worldwide. This book offers a number of new results from well-known authors who are engaged in aspects of the development of novel physical principles, new methods, or implementation of modern technological solutions into current imaging devices and new applications of high-resolution imaging systems. The ultimate purpose of this book is to encourage more research and development in the field to realize the great potential of high resolution acoustic imaging and its various industrial and biomedical applications.
Interferometric observations need snapshots of very high time resolution of the order of (i) frame integration of about 100 Hz or (ii) photon-recording rates of several megahertz (MHz). Detectors play a key role in astronomical observations, and since the explanation of the photoelectric effect by Albert Einstein, the technology has evolved rather
Over the past 30 years high-resolution CT (HRCT) has matured to become an integral part of the multidisciplinary evaluation in diffuse lung disease. In this regard, Webb, Muller and Naidich’s High-Resolution CT of the Lung, 6th Edition, is a ‘gold standard’ reference that aims to keep radiologists and pulmonologists alike at the cutting edge of the ever-evolving field of thoracic imaging. The new US-European author team continues the tradition of excellence which readers have come to expect while the underlying layout and ethos — established by the ‘founding’ author team — remain. The new edition aims to brings readers up to date not only with recent advances but also with the important conceptual changes in thinking in various fields of thoracic imaging. Also featured in this updated edition is authoritative guidance on HRCT findings and differential diagnosis, as well as the characteristics of the common lung diseases assessed using HRCT, all enhanced by a multitude of new images and updated content throughout.
Fourth volume of a 40volume series on nano science and nanotechnology, edited by the renowned scientist Challa S.S.R. Kumar. This handbook gives a comprehensive overview about Surface Science Tools for Nanomaterials Characterization. Modern applications and state-of-the-art techniques are covered and make this volume an essential reading for research scientists in academia and industry.
Diagnostic sonography of the peripheral nervous system is an evolving specialty of musculoskeletal ultrasound. This book provides an in-depth description of sonographic examination technique - how to access an individual nerve with sonography and how to interpret local findings. A particular focus is on sonographic-anatomic correlations. All currently possible clinical applications are addressed, including the evaluation of nerve compression syndromes, traumatic lesions, tumors, and postoperative complications. The book contains a huge number of high-quality patient sonograms, all derived from cases with clinical and in many instances surgical correlation.
2.6.2 Electrodes for Electrochemistry
The characterisation of materials and material systems is an essential aspect of materials science. A few decades ago it became obvious that, because the properties of materials depend so critically on the microstructure of their components, this characterisation must be determined to the atomic level. This means that the position - as well as the nature - of individual atoms has to be determined at "critical" regions close to defects such as dislocations, interfaces, and surfaces. The great impact of advanced transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques became apparent in the area of semiconducting materials, where the nature of internal interfaces between silicon and the corresponding silicides could be identified, and the results used to enhance the understanding of the properties of the compounds studied. At that time, advanced TEM techniques existed predominantly in the US. However, advanced TEM instrumentation was not available in the ma terials science and solid-state science communities in Germany. This gap was bridged by the late Peter Haasen who, after a visit to the US, initiated a Priority Programme on Microstructural Characterisation at the Volkswagen Foundation (Hannover). The programme was in effect from 1985 to 1997 and supported a wide range of research projects - from fundamental, trendy, innovative projects to projects in applied materials science.
With this book practitioners responsible for analyzing, specifying or evaluating RCS imaging systems will be able to define performance limits using basic physical and mathematical principles. Information on instrumentation systems for acquiring data and two new chapters on applications of new techniques are included. The emphasis of the book is on imaging as applied to radar cross-section measurements. With it the reader will learn how to use the latest techniques to perform RCS imaging in laboratory or outdoor test ranges. This book is suitable for self-study or for use in a short course for practising engineers.