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The MRS Symposium Proceeding series is an internationally recognised reference suitable for researchers and practitioners. This book, first published in 2004, brings together researchers interested in strained SiGe, strain-relaxed buffers, strained Si on bulk Si and on SOI, SiGe on SOI, Ge substrates, and Ge on insulator.
Broad interest and steady progress in the area of Group-IV (Si:Ge:C) semiconductor nanostructures, including quantum dots, wires and wells, has produced a new class of functional materials and devices with characteristic dimensions less than 50nm. This volume brings together scientists from different disciplines to discuss fabrication and characterization techniques and optical and transport properties, as well as applications of Group-IV semiconductor nanostructures. Fields such as photonic systems, nanocrystal memories, light-emitting and THz devices, nanowire-based interconnections and transistors are addressed. Topics include: nanoscale silicon-based photonic systems; Si/SiGe/SiN heterostructures and devices; Si/SiGe quantum cascade laser for terahertz; three-dimensional Si/SiGe nanostructures; Si nanocrystals and porous Si- light-emitting properties; Si nanocrystals and porous Si - other properties; Group-IV semiconductor nanowires; and rare-earth-doped Group-IV semiconductor nanostructures.
Solar-cell performance is critically dependent on the optical and electrical properties of their constituent materials. In order to obtain significant improvements in performance for future generations of photovoltaic devices, it will be necessary to either improve the properties of existing materials or engineer new materials and device structures. This book focuses on materials issues and advances for photovoltaics. Topics include: dye-sensitized solar cells; nanoparticle/hybrid solar cells; polymer-based devices; small molecule-based devices; III-V semiconductors; II-VI semiconductors and transparent conducting oxides and silicon thin films.
The MRS Symposium Proceeding series is an internationally recognised reference suitable for researchers and practitioners.
The MRS Symposium Proceeding series is an internationally recognised reference suitable for researchers and practitioners.
The MRS Symposium Proceeding series is an internationally recognised reference suitable for researchers and practitioners.
The MRS Symposium Proceeding series is an internationally recognised reference suitable for researchers and practitioners.
Members of the sensor community come together here to discuss advances in the development of new or improved semiconductor materials and in the fundamental understanding of the physical/chemical/biological phenomena at the origin of the sensing mechanism. Contributions dealing with sensor electronics/signal processing, computing algorithms, and packaging are not included in the volume. Chemical, magnetic, radiation, acoustic, mechanical, and biosensors are featured, as are nanosensors. Several papers highlight advances in combinatorial materials synthesis and theoretical modeling, and simulation of gas-solid interactions based on density functional theory. A combined application of sophisticated experimental and theoretical tools aimed at design and synthesis of novel sensors may have a lasting impact on general research approaches in the chemical sensor community. Presentations from a joint session with Symposium K, Solid-State Ionics, are also included and focus on solid electrolytes for membrane applications to develop selective sensors. Topics include: advanced materials and processing; nanotubes and nanowires; solid state ionics-based sensors; modeling, mechanism and structure-properties relationships; biochemical sensors; integration; and physical sensors.
The special interest afforded biological and bioinspired materials and devices lies in the fact that many biological materials, as diverse as bone and teeth and spider silk, have highly refined and sophisticated platforms of structure that are well organized at hierarchical levels spanning nanoscale to microscale measures. There is absolutely strict and precise control of materials synthesis exerted by these natural systems, and vigorous study and advancement in the fields of biomineralization, molecular biology, and DNA technology, for instance, have brought increasing understanding of such control in ever expanding fashion. This knowledge has been quickly transferred into the design and development of synthetic materials that mimic their biological counterparts. In this context, an explosion in research in the past few years has centered on the identification and synthesis of 1) unique ceramics or composites for biomaterials, magnetic and optical use, 2) self-assembled biopolymeric systems for biomaterials and biosensor application, and 3) colloidal and amphiphilic systems for relevance in biomedicine, nanotechnology, and biosensor fabrication. Therefore, new nanocrystalline composites, nanofibers, biosteel fibers, novel biosensors, distinctive drug-delivery systems, exceptional tissue engineering scaffolds, exclusive molecular imprinting matrices, and innovative photonic crystals are suddenly available. Given this backdrop, the papers in this volume involve biology, medicine, engineering, physics, chemistry, and materials science. Topics include biomineralization and the structure and mechanical, magnetic, and optical properties of biominerals; implant materials for dental, maxillofacial, orthopaedic, urological, and ophthalmic applications; tissue adhesives and cements; material degradation and implant failure; organic modification of surfaces and their biocompatibility; tissue engineering with cells and scaffolding to generate extracellular matrices for tissue regeneration; emerging technologies in tissue engineering, including application of stem cells and gene therapy; in situ and ex situ characterization techniques and imaging of biomaterials; pharmaceutical crystallization and materials for drug and gene delivery; supramolecular and biological self assembly; and structure and dynamics of organic/inorganic interfaces.
The MRS Symposium Proceeding series is an internationally recognised reference suitable for researchers and practitioners. This book, first published in 2005, offers a scientific and technical discussion and analysis of modifications induced by extreme conditions of the space environment.