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This important publication provides a comprehensive summary of data and information on the metabolism and chemical degradation of agrochemicals in soils, plants and animals. Part 1, Herbicides and Plant Growth Regulators, and Part 2, Insecticides and Fungicides, together provide a major bibliography, as each entry is fully referenced. Contents include metabolic products, pathways and mechanisms, together with useful details on physico-chemical properties and mode of action. Both parts are organised by class of chemical for easy reference. There are separate entries for each pesticide, covering most commercially available chemicals in use today. In addition, an overview of the metabolism of each major class provides the reader with an informed summary of key similarities and significant differences between individual chemicals. Information is based primarily on literature from the past 40 years of research, together with some important, previously unpublished work provided by the agrochemical companies. Presented in a systematic, easy-to-read style, with extensive indexing to facilitate the rapid location of required information and the comparison of related compounds, Metabolic Pathways of Agrochemicals is an invaluable reference for chemists, biochemists and biologists working in the discovery, development and registration of agrochemicals, as well as scientists in related areas such as design and mode of action of pharmaceuticals.
CONTENTS General Information Use of Herbicides and Plant Growth Regulators -- Biology of Plants -- Characteristics of Herbicides and Plant Growth Regulators -- Hazards to Non-Target Organisms Selecting, Using, Storing, and Disposing of Herbicides Selecting Herbicides -- Using Herbicides -- Storing Herbicides -- Disposing of Herbicides Vegetation Control in Semi-Improved and Unimproved Grounds Methods of Vegetation Control -- Controlling All Vegetation -- Controlling Woody Vegetation -- Controlling Vegetation in Special Areas Weed Control in Improved Grounds-Turf and Horticultural Plantings Controlling Weeds in Turf -- Renovating Turf and Treating New Seedings -- Controlling Weeds in Horticultural Plantings -- Controlling Vegetation Around Structures Plant Growth Regulators (PGR) General Information -- Using PGRs Determining the Cost-Effectiveness of PGR General Discussion -- Determining Costs -- Determining Cost-Effectiveness Controlling Aquatic Weeds General Considerations -- Construction Aids -- Management Practices -- Mechanical Removal -- Biological Control Fish -- Using Herbicides Application Equipment General Information -- Ground Spraying Equipment -- Granule Application Equipment -- Aquatic Application Equipment -- Aerial Spraying Equipment -- Fumigation Equipment -- Cleaning Equipment and Preparing It for Storage Mixing Materials, Calibrating Equipment, and Calculating Aquatic Herbicide Requirements Determining Tank Capacity -- Mixing Procedures The Importance of Calibration -- Boom-Type Power Sprayers -- Boom-Type Hand Sprayers -- Single-Nozzle Hand Sprayers -- Aerial Sprayers -- Dry Granule Spreaders Applications Based on Water Surface Area -- Applications Based on Water Volume -- Applications Based on Concentration -- Applications in Flowing Water
Classification, discovery and uses of herbicides. Plant growth regulators. The absorption and translocation of foliage-applied herbicides. The absorption and translocation of soil-applied herbicides. Biochemical mechanisms of action. Metabolism of herbicides. Herbicides and the environment.
The classification of herbicides and types of toxicity; Determination of herbicides and plant growth regulators; Herbicide behaviour in the plant; Herbicide behaviour in the soil; Herbicide behaviour in the soil; Growth responses to herbicides; Morphogenetic effects of herbicides; Abscission responses to herbicides; Effects of herbicides on plant composition and metabolism; Responses of plants to sublethal concentration of 2,4-D, without and with added minerals; The effects of herbicides on endogenous regulator systems; The effects of herbicides on biophysical processes in the plant; Suscepltibility: factors in the plant modifyng the of given species to treatment; Herbicide selectivity in relation to formulation and application methods; The behaviour of herbicides in the plant in relation to selectivity; The design of herbicides.
Chemistry of Plant Protection, Volume 7, provides critical review articles on new aspects of herbicide resis- tance, serving the needs of research scientists, pesticide manufacturers, government regulators, agricultural practitioners.
Natural growth controlagents; General growth control agents; Control agents for tobacco; Control agents for cereals and grasses; Growth regulators for soybeans; Growth controls for cotton plants; Growth controle for sugar cane and sorghum.
As agriculture becomes more mechanized and science increases the possibilities for using inputs to enhance production, the role of PGRs becomes more vital. Plant Growth Regulators in Agriculture and Horticulture provides agriculture professionals and researchers with the information needed to effectively tap these versatile resources to enhance crop production. Through discussions of the “classical five” phytohormones--gibberellins, cytokinins, ethylene, abscisic acid, and auxins--and the growing number of nontraditional PGRs such as oligosaccharins and brassinosteroids, Plant Growth Regulators in Agriculture and Horticulture reviews past and present uses of PGRs in managing crop yield and offers some speculation on future directions. Detailed discussions on the use of PGRs in, for example, grain, ornamental, and citrus crops, introduce readers to strategies for enhancing crop quantity and quality, for improving the postproduction quality of life of perishable plants, and for crop load management, respectively. The book also includes informative visuals, such as tables of common, chemical, and trade names of different commercially available PGRs; diagrams of various PGR processes; as well as before-and-after pictures illustrating the effects of PGRs. Plant Growth Regulators in Agriculture and Horticulture is a comprehensive text covering the role of plant growth regulators in: root formation manipulating yield potential plant stress protection ornamental horticulture postharvest life of ornamentals manipulating fruit development and storage quality citriculture reducing fruit drop bloom-thinning strategies If the history of agriculture, which is over 10,000 years old, was condensed into a twenty-four-hour span, science-based plant breeding would be only about fifteen minutes old. Still, the role of PGRs in agriculture is modest compared to other agrochemicals, such as fungicides, herbicides, and insecticides. Plant Growth Regulators in Agriculture and Horticulture is an invaluable guide to the varied roles filled by PGRs in the attainment of higher-quality, better-yielding crops.
Analytical Methods for Pesticides and Plant Growth Regulators, Volume XI: Updated General Techniques and Additional Pesticides covers the techniques in the automated pesticide analytical laboratory. The book discusses the application of quantitative thin layer chromatography to pesticide analysis; as well as analytical methods for formulations and residues of developed pesticides following the order of insecticides and acaricides, fungicides, and herbicides and plant growth regulators. The text also describes the analysis of N-nitroso compounds; the analysis of ethylenebisdithiocarbamate fungicides and degradation products; and the analytical methods for the toxicologically important degradation product ethylene thiourea. Toxicologists and people involved in the study of pesticides will find the book invaluable.