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Charles Chatman believed he would die in a Texas prison. He was sent there at age 21, convicted of raping a 52 year old white woman in his neighborhood, and sentenced to 99 years. The victim had picked his picture out of a line-up and the jury had ignored the testimony of his witnesses, that he was at work when the rape occurred. His court-appointed attorney made feeble efforts to defend him. He had served 27 years when Michelle Moore, a public defender working with the Innocence Project of Texas arranged a DNA test which proved him innocent, and District Judge John Creuzot ordered him released from prison. Richard Miles was more fortunate. After he had served 14 years of a 40 year sentence for murder, investigators for Centurion Ministries discovered police reports which had been hidden from him and his attorney, Ed Gray. A new trial was ordered, then the sole witness who had identified Miles recanted his testimony and claimed that he had been instructed to lie by a Dallas prosecutor. Over 250 prisoners in the U.S. have been exonerated in the last 20 years, some on death row and others serving long sentences. DNA testing has freed the majority, proof of false identification and misconduct by police and prosecutors the others. Dallas County, with one percent of the U.S. population, has accounted for 25 wrongful convictions, ten percent of the total. Henry Wade, Dallas County District Attorney for 32 years, ran the most aggressive and successful prosecutor's office in the country. Ed Gray, as Assistant District Attorney and criminal defense attorney had a ringside seat to the Henry Wade era. In these pages he explains how some of the innocent were convicted. TOUGH JUSTICE is the first book which attempts to portray the career and the history of Henry Wade, the most famous prosecutor in the history of Texas and perhaps the United States. After graduating from the University of Texas Business School and Southern Methodist University School of Law, Ed Gray was a civil law firm associate when he was appointed to represent an indigent defendant in Dallas District Court in 1969. In his first trial, Ed won a Not Guilty verdict and a job offer from District Attorney Henry Wade. He was quickly promoted to Felony Court, where he led the Dallas D. A.'s office in trials and convictions for the next four years. He was lead counsel in 15 murder trials, 13 attempted murder and aggravated assault trials, 8 rape trials, and 49 robbery trials resulting in sentences as high as death and 1200 years and only one Not Guilty verdict. Ed Gray has been a board certified criminal defense attorney since 1975, and has tried 525 criminal jury trials in state and federal courts.
How states are making their legal systems more equitable, seen through the story of a Black man falsely imprisoned for thirty years for murder. In 1987, Ben Spencer, a twenty-two-year-old Black man from Dallas, was convicted of murdering white businessman Jeffrey Young—a crime he didn’t commit. From the day of his arrest, Spencer insisted that it was “an awful mistake.” The Texas legal system didn’t see it that way. It allowed shoddy police work, paid witnesses, and prosecutorial misconduct to convict Spencer of murder, and it ignored later efforts to correct this error. The state’s bureaucratic intransigence caused Spencer to spend more than half his life in prison. Eventually independent investigators, new witness testimony, the foreman of the jury that convicted him, and a new Dallas DA convinced a Texas judge that Spencer had nothing to do with the killing, and in 2021 he was released from prison. As Spencer’s fight to clear himself demonstrates, our legal systems are broken: expedience is more important than the truth. That is starting to change as states across the country implement new efforts to reduce wrongful convictions, and one of the states leading the way is Texas. Award-winning journalist Barbara Bradley Hagerty has spent years digging into this issue, and she has immersed herself in Spencer’s case. She has combed police files and court records, interviewed dozens of witnesses, and had extensive conversations with Spencer, and in Bringing Ben Home she threads together two narratives: how an innocent Black man got caught up in and couldn’t escape a legal system that refused to admit its mistakes; and what Texas and other states are doing to address wrongful convictions to make the legal process more equitable for everyone. By turns fascinating and enraging, personal and provocative, Bringing Ben Home is the powerful story of one innocent man who refused to admit that he was guilty of murder, and how his plight became part of a paradigm shift in how the legal system thinks about innocence as it institutes new methods to overturn wrongful convictions to better protect people like Ben Spencer.
The publication of Prayer Man: More Than a Fuzzy Picture represents an unprecedented examination of a decade long research of Lee Harvey Oswald’s last 48 hours. Bart Kamp has presented a huge body of work which delves into Lee Harvey Oswald and the other Texas School Book Depository employees inside the building during and shortly after President Kennedy was assassinated on November 22nd 1963. Kamp’s detailed research also delves into the period of Oswald’s incarceration and interrogations. It presents an entirely new and deep perspective of how the law enforcement agencies gathered their evidence that weekend. It reveals a dramatic new context in relation to understanding Lee Harvey Oswald's innocence. Within these pages are many new and never before published revelations that contrast the altered accounts that were represented before the Warren Commission and challenges many commonly accepted assumptions and interpretations. Prayer Man: More Than a Fuzzy Picture is Kamp’s debut on the JFK Assassination.
NEW YORK TIMES EDITORS’ CHOICE • A deeply reported, searingly honest portrait of the death penalty in Texas—and what it tells us about crime and punishment in America “If you’re one of those people who despair that nothing changes, and dream that something can, this is a story of how it does.”—Anand Giridharadas, The New York Times Book Review WINNER OF THE J. ANTHONY LUKAS AWARD In 1972, the United States Supreme Court made a surprising ruling: the country’s death penalty system violated the Constitution. The backlash was swift, especially in Texas, where executions were considered part of the cultural fabric, and a dark history of lynching was masked by gauzy visions of a tough-on-crime frontier. When executions resumed, Texas quickly became the nationwide leader in carrying out the punishment. Then, amid a larger wave of criminal justice reform, came the death penalty’s decline, a trend so durable that even in Texas the punishment appears again close to extinction. In Let the Lord Sort Them, Maurice Chammah charts the rise and fall of capital punishment through the eyes of those it touched. We meet Elsa Alcala, the orphaned daughter of a Mexican American family who found her calling as a prosecutor in the nation’s death penalty capital, before becoming a judge on the state’s highest court. We meet Danalynn Recer, a lawyer who became obsessively devoted to unearthing the life stories of men who committed terrible crimes, and fought for mercy in courtrooms across the state. We meet death row prisoners—many of them once-famous figures like Henry Lee Lucas, Gary Graham, and Karla Faye Tucker—along with their families and the families of their victims. And we meet the executioners, who struggle openly with what society has asked them to do. In tracing these interconnected lives against the rise of mass incarceration in Texas and the country as a whole, Chammah explores what the persistence of the death penalty tells us about forgiveness and retribution, fairness and justice, history and myth. Written with intimacy and grace, Let the Lord Sort Them is the definitive portrait of a particularly American institution.
The media and the CSI craze -- Motion pictures, popular television dramas, news reports -- Wars on crime and junkies -- Wars on sex offenders and poverty -- Terrorism and the war on immigrants -- Crime scene investigations, forensics, and junk science -- Prosecutors -- Wrongful convictions -- The death penalty -- Methodology and findings -- Recommendations to reduce wrongful convictions and eliminate capital punishment.
We first meet Larry Wright in 1960. He is thirteen and moving with his family to Dallas, the essential city of the New World just beginning to rise across the southern rim of the United States. As we follow him through the next two decades—the civil rights movement, the Vietnam War, the devastating assassinations of John F. Kennedy, Robert Kennedy, and Martin Luther King, Jr., the sexual revolution, the crisis of Watergate, and the emergence of Ronald Reagan—we relive the pivotal and shocking events of those crowded years. Lawrence Wright has written the autobiography of a generation, giving back to us with stunning force the feelings of those turbulent times when the euphoria of Kennedy’s America would come to its shocking end. Filled with compassion and insight, In the New World is both the intimate tale of one man’s coming-of-age, and a universal story of the American experience of two crucial decades.
Now in an expanded paperback edition, Innocence Project attorney M. Chris Fabricant presents an insider’s journey into the heart of a broken, racist system of justice and the role junk science plays in maintaining the status quo. "Fierce and absorbing . . . Fabricant chronicles the battles he and his colleagues have fought to unravel a century of fraudulent experts and the bad court decisions that allowed them to thrive." —Washington Post From CSI to Forensic Files to the celebrated reputation of the FBI crime lab, forensic scientists have long been mythologized in American popular culture as infallible crime solvers. Juries put their faith in "expert witnesses" and innocent people have been executed as a result. Innocent people are still on death row today, condemned by junk science. In 2012, the Innocence Project began searching for prisoners convicted by junk science, and three men, each convicted of capital murder, became M. Chris Fabricant's clients. Junk Science and the American Criminal Justice System chronicles the fights to overturn their wrongful convictions and to end the use of the "science" that destroyed their lives. Weaving together courtroom battles from Mississippi to Texas to New York City and beyond, Fabricant takes the reader on a journey into the heart of a broken, racist system of justice and the role forensic science plays in maintaining the status quo. At turns gripping, enraging, illuminating, and moving, Junk Science is a meticulously researched insider's perspective of the American criminal justice system. Previously untold stories of wrongful executions, corrupt prosecutors, and quackery masquerading as science animate Fabricant’s true crime narrative. The paperback edition features a brand-new index as well as an updated introduction and final chapter chronicling the Innocence Project’s continued fight against junk science in courtrooms across America.
With the popularity of crime dramas like CSI focusing on forensic science, and increasing numbers of police and prosecutors making wide-spread use of DNA, high-tech science seems to have become the handmaiden of law enforcement. But this is a myth,asserts law professor and nationally known expert on police profiling David A. Harris. In fact, most of law enforcement does not embrace science—it rejects it instead, resisting it vigorously. The question at the heart of this book is why. »» Eyewitness identifications procedures using simultaneous lineups—showing the witness six persons together,as police have traditionally done—produces a significant number of incorrect identifications. »» Interrogations that include threats of harsh penalties and untruths about the existence of evidence proving the suspect’s guilt significantly increase the prospect of an innocent person confessing falsely. »» Fingerprint matching does not use probability calculations based on collected and standardized data to generate conclusions, but rather human interpretation and judgment.Examiners generally claim a zero rate of error – an untenable claim in the face of publicly known errors by the best examiners in the U.S. Failed Evidence explores the real reasons that police and prosecutors resist scientific change, and it lays out a concrete plan to bring law enforcement into the scientific present. Written in a crisp and engaging style, free of legal and scientific jargon, Failed Evidence will explain to police and prosecutors, political leaders and policy makers, as well as other experts and anyone else who cares about how law enforcement does its job, where we should go from here. Because only if we understand why law enforcement resists science will we be able to break through this resistance and convince police and prosecutors to rely on the best that science has to offer.Justice demands no less.
WHY WE NEED THE TRUTH, THE WHOLE TRUTH, AND NOTHING BUT THE TRUTH The noise from both Washington and the media is deafening, the deeds of our lawmakers alarming. America needs a break from the posturing and the politicking. We need information: how we got here and where we are headed. Catherine Crier, one of the most respected figures in television journalism, presents an incisive, unbiased analysis of America’s political crisis—delivering a message we cannot afford to ignore. America must move beyond political parties to invest in our nation’s future. Not just with money, but with vision, wisdom, and reason. Looking back at the foundations of our country, from Adam Smith to Alexander Hamilton, from Jefferson to Roosevelt, Crier cuts through the nonsense to show what really works and doesn’t work for our nation today, including: • The staggering disconnect between the financial health of corporations and the well-being of consumers that defies everything Adam Smith wrote about free enterprise. • The role that government must play in regulations and job creation—and how the Republican Party’s anti-government rhetoric would appall the founders of American conservatism. • Why our health care system is not the best in the world, but the most mismanaged and bloated, and how to change it. • How today’s vitriolic, partisan politics are in direct opposition to the very democracy on which our country is founded. *** Americans love our country deeply, and when told we’re losing it, nothing can stop us from fighting. But there seems to be a lot of confusion these days about the mission. What exactly did the Founders establish? What is now at risk, and what must be done to preserve the Republic? . . . Our Founders created a constitutional government that would protect and promote a free and diverse society. Those who argue otherwise are misleading you intentionally or are ignorant of historical facts. As a patriot, I believe that our founding principles and system of governing are not negotiable. We must recognize the difference between honest debate over policies and philosophy and those measures that skew or upend our extraordinary system for partisan advantage. Such tactics may produce short-term gains, but in the end, everyone loses. —From Patriot Acts