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Boundary layer transition was measured in zero, favorable, and adverse pressure gradients at Mach 8 using heat transfer. Models consisted of 7 degrees half angle forecones 0.4826 m long, followed by flared or ogive aft bodies 0.5334 m long. The flares and ogives produced constant pressure gradients. For the cases examined, favorable pressure gradients delay transition and adverse pressure gradients promote transition, but transition zone lengths are shorter in favorable pressure gradient. Results of the effect of adverse pressure gradient on transition zone lengths were inconclusive.
This volume contains a selection of the papers presented at the Eighth Symposium on Turbulent Shear Flows held at the Technical University of Munich, 9-11 September 1991. The first of these biennial international symposia was held at the Pennsylvania State Uni versity, USA, in 1977; subsequent symposia have been held at Imperial College, London, England; the University of California, Davis, USA; the University of Karlsruhe, Ger many; Cornell University, Ithaca, USA; the Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France; and Stanford University, California, USA. The purpose of this series of symposia is to provide a forum for the presentation and discussion of new developments in the field of turbulence, especially as related to shear flows of importance in engineering and geo physics. From the 330 extended abstracts submitted for this symposium, 145 papers were presented orally and 60 as posters. Out of these, we have selected twenty-four papers for inclusion in this volume, each of which has been revised and extended in accordance with the editors' recommendations. The following four theme areas were selected after consideration of the quality of the contributions, the importance of the area, and the selection made in earlier volumes: - wall flows, - separated flows, - compressibility effects, - buoyancy, rotation, and curvature effects. As in the past, each section corresponding to the above areas begins with an introduction by an authority in the field that places the individual contributions in context with one another and with related research.
The results of a detailed experimental investigation of the compressible turbulent boundary layer in a favorable-pressure-gradient flow are presented for zero, moderate and severe heat-transfer conditions. The studies were conducted on a flat nozzle wall at momentum thickness Reynolds numbers from 6,700 to 56,000 and at three wall-to-adiabatic-wall temperature ratios. An attempt was made to hold values of Clauser's pressure-gradient parameter constant. Complete profile measurements were taken with Pitot pressure probes and conical-equilibrium and fine-wire temperature probes. (Modified author abstract).