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For the first time ever, this book gives a full view of Harappan architecture and engineering. It begins with the history of the discovery of the Indus Civilisation, from Alexander Cunninghan, through Marshall to Wheeler and recent excavators. It delineates the genesis and growth of urban architecture of the Harappans through the various discoveries from about twenty sites in the Indian subcontinent. It discusses the Harappan settlement pattern, its distribution in different ecological zones, and the regional variation in their architectural edifices. The architectural genius of the Harappans has been elucidated by a thorough treatment of the various aspects of town planning, fortification, gateways, streets, lanes, houses, drainage system, bathing floors, platforms for houses. The outstanding buildings such as the Great Bath, the granaries at Mohenjodaro and Harappa and the College Building at Mohenjodaro have been discussed in great detail.
This book, the first of two volumes, explores India’s economic development from 5000BC through to the India’s independence period from 1947AD to 2022AD. The specific characteristics of economic development in India are examined to help determine development paths India can pursue to create sustainable development in the 21st century. The transition from the primary section to the secondary sector, through the process of industrialisation and in turn the move towards the services sector, is discussed in relation to climate change and the pressure on resources posed by population growth. This book aims to contextualise India’s economic development within the political economy of trade, sustainable development and culture with a particular focus on the institutions that have emerged in the Indian sub-continent since 5000BC. It will be relevant to students and researchers interested in economic history, development economics, and the political economy.
The Indian subcontinent was the scene of dramatic upheavals a few thousand years ago. The Northwest region entered an arid phase, and erosion coupled with tectonic events played havoc with river courses. One of them disappeared. Celebrated as -Sarasvati' in the Rig Veda and the Mahabharata, this river was rediscovered in the early nineteenth century through topographic explorations by British officials. Recently, geological and climatological studies have probed its evolution and disappearance, while satellite imagery has traced the river's buried courses and isotope analyses have dated ancient waters still stored under the Thar Desert. In the same Northwest, the subcontinent's first urban society"the Indus civilization"flourished and declined. But it was not watered by the Indus alone: since Aurel Stein's expedition in the 1940s, hundreds of Harappan sites have been identified in the now dry Sarasvati's basin. The rich Harappan legacy in technologies, arts and culture sowed the seeds of Indian civilization as we know it now. Drawing from recent research in a wide range of disciplines, this book discusses differing viewpoints and proposes a harmonious synthesis"a fascinating tale of exploration that brings to life the vital role the -lost river of the Indian desert' played before its waters gurgled to a stop.
This book comprises select proceedings of the International Conference on Emerging Technologies for Farming – Energy & Environment – Water (ITsFEW 2018). The contents are divided into three parts viz., (i) Developments in Farming, (ii) Energy and Environment, and (iii) Water Conservation and Management. The book aims to provide timely solutions, using innovative and emerging technologies, to the global challenges in agriculture, energy, environment, and water management. Some of the topics covered in this book include remote sensing for smart farming, GIS, irrigation engineering, soil science and agronomy, smart grids, renewable energy, energy management systems, energy storage technologies, biological water treatment, industrial waste water treatment, watershed management and sustainability. Given the wide range of topics discussed, the book will be very useful for students, researchers and practitioners interested in agricultural and environmental engineering.
This book provides insights into health, disease, and healing in the Indus Civilisation during the third to early second millennia BCE. Based on original research, it examines skeletal remains, material culture, and environmental factors. The book sheds light on diseases, healing practices, and public health in this ancient civilization.
An Introduction to the History of Architecture, Art & Design chronicles the times in which major works of architecture, art and design were created, and is compact with features and images of major artworks from each art and design period. The best examples from each period are illustrated together with their famous creators, alongside timelines that track the evolution of the artistic disciplines throughout history.
A general perception exists that ancient Indian literature on economic matters is fatalistic and an admixture of sacred and secular thoughts. Economic Sutra provides a comprehensive perspective on the elements of Indian economic thought leading up to and after the Arthashastra. Economic Sutra is a perception-correction initiative to distil the Indian mind in the realm of economic thoughts and behaviour as brought out by the ancient Indian authors. It highlights the broader spread of economic ideas both prior to and sometime after Kautilya, giving insights into the purpose, actions and vision of our forefathers.
Explores the problems for studying art and religion in Eurasia arising from ancestral, colonial and post-colonial biases in historiography.