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La noción y amplitud de las Asociaciones Público-Privadas (APP), introducidas en nuestra legislación por la Ley 1508 de 2012, son inciertas no solo en nuestro derecho nacional sino también en el derecho comparado y en el comunitario europeo. Concebida en ocasiones como el género, frente a la concesión, esta figura, que traspasa fronteras y regímenes jurídicos diversos, se estructura en torno a la participación del capital y gestión privados para la realización de diversos proyectos públicos a largo plazo, con un esquema contractual flexible en el que se procura una distribución técnica de los riesgos entre las partes contratantes, para favorecer la viabilidad del proyecto mismo, creando estímulos a la disponibilidad de la infraestructura y a la calidad del servicio prestado, subordinando la remuneración del contratista a su realización. Los estudios comprendidos en esta publicación analizan distintas facetas de este modelo contractual, desde su concepción histórica, a partir de los años ochenta, hasta su aplicación en nuestro país: la posibilidad de calificación de APP de diversos modelos concesionales, así como la posibilidad de introducir criterios ambientales modernos para la selección de contratistas. Igualmente, se plantean exigencias particulares de control y seguimiento de estos proyectos así como particularidades de las reglas presupuestales para la programación de desembolsos públicos a lo largo de los numerosos años del proyecto. Los estudios aquí presentados resumen aspectos esenciales de la amplitud posible de estos proyectos, al igual que críticas a su regulación normativa nacional, como una contribución al entendimiento de esta novedosa variable contractual que tanta expectativa ha generado.
Benchmarking has become a key tool in the water industry to promote and achieve performance targets for utilities. The use of this tool for performance improvement through systematic search and adaptation of leading practices, has expanded globally during the past decade. Many ongoing projects worldwide aim to address different needs and objectives, in varying contexts, with outstanding results and impact. Benchmarking Water Services provides valuable information to everyone interested in benchmarking in the water industry. The text is aimed at utilities considering joining a benchmarking project, experienced practitioners in charge of organizing a benchmarking exercise, consultants, regulators and researchers. The document is presented with a clear practice oriented approach and can be used as a how-to-benchmark guide presented from different perspectives (participants, organizers, supervising bodies). Readers will gain practical insight on real life benchmarking practices and will benefit from the experiences gained in some of the leading benchmarking projects of the water industry (including the IWA-WSAA benchmarking efforts, the European Benchmarking Co-operation and the several benchmarking projects carried out in Austria and Central Europe). The manual also presents the new IWA Benchmarking Framework, which aims to harmonize the terms used to describe benchmarking and performance indicators practices in the water industry, guaranteeing a more fluent and efficient communication. This Manual of Best Practice is edited by the IWA Specialist Group on Benchmarking and Performance Assessment, and co-published by AWWA and IWA Publishing. Praise for Benchmarking Water Services: "The continual trend of conceptual to specifics throughout the book provides for an educational experience each time the book is either casually perused or carefully studied." "The authors (Cabrera, Haskins and Fritiz) diligently pursue the focus of improvement." "Benchmarking Water Services is an in depth and practical ‘must have’ guide for any utility currently engaged in or planning to develop a benchmarking process" - Gregory M. Baird (2012) Benchmarking: An International Journal 19:2. More information about the book can be found on the Water Wiki in an article written by the author: http://www.iwawaterwiki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Articles/TheNewIWABenchmarkingFramework A Spanish language version of this book is available as a free eBook: http://www.iwawaterwiki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Articles/eBookTitlesfromIWAPublishingFreetoDownload-Volume2#HBenchmarkingParaServiciosdeAgua
Coordinadores: Juli Ponce Solé / Agustí Cerrillo i Martínez Autores: Irene Araguàs Galcerà / Oscar Capdeferro Villagrasa / Agustí Cerrillo i Martínez / María De Benedetto / Genny Lucidi / Tomás Ramón Fernández / Paula Ortí Ferrer / Juli Ponce Solé / Sofia Ranchordas / Marcos Vaquer Caballería. Tal y como hoy en día se pone de relieve de forma cada vez más creciente, el Derecho, y concretamente la regulación adecuada y de calidad, puede ser un elemento que permita e incentive la innovación en la sociedad o, por el contrario, la dificulte y la desincentive. La innovación es clave para la competitividad y el crecimiento económico de los países, tanto en los niveles micro como macro. Se trata de un complejo concepto, que puede referirse tanto a iniciativas sociales, a la denominada economía colaborativa o a nuevas tecnologías, para tomar nuevas ideas y traducirlas en resultados sociales o económicos que mejoren el bienestar de los consumidores Contenido: Reseña biográfica de los autores. Capítulo I. Introducción: innovación, buena regulación y prevención de la corrupción (Juli Ponce Solé y Agustí Cerrillo i Martínez). Capítulo II. El control judicial del poder discrecional y el derecho a una buena administración (Tomás-Ramón Fernández). Capítulo III. Regulation or Reputation? Innovation-Friendly Rules for the Sharing Economy (Sofia Ranchordas). Capítulo IV. La ciencia cognitiva en el sector de la regulación energética. El caso de la AEEGSI italiana (Genny Lucidi). Capítulo V. La comprensión y la prevención de la corrupción:un enfoque regulatorio* (María De Benedetto). Capítulo VI. Innovación para la calidad normativa al servicio del buen gobierno y la buena administración (Juli Ponce Solé). Capítulo VII. Una visión de la evaluación ex post de las normas jurídicas: el ejemplo de la Ley catalana 19/2014, de Transparencia, Acceso a la Información y Buen Gobierno (Agustí Cerrillo i Martínez). Capítulo VIII. Auge y problemas de la metarregulación: la iniciativa legislativa y la potestad reglamentaria en la Ley de Procedimiento Administrativo Común (Marcos Vaquer Caballería). Capítulo IX. Nuevas tendencias de futuro en la calidad regulatoria. La participación ciudadana en la elaboración de disposiciones generales ( Irene Araguàs Galcerà). Capítulo X. Reforma del procedimiento normativo e implantación de instrumentos para una buena regulación: el caso de Cataluña (Paula Ortí Ferrer). Capítulo XI. La lucha contra la corrupción mediante la modificación regulatoria de las medidas cautelares en la jurisdicción contencioso-administrativa (Oscar Capdeferro Villagrasa).
Contiene una sistematización de las distintas herramientas legales e incentivos diseñados e implementados para promover y dar seguridad jurídica a las iniciativas de conservación privadas y comunitarias en Bolivia, Brasil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Guayana Francesa, Peru, Surinam y Venezuela.
4% of Latin America and the Caribbean’s GDP comes from the extractive sector. This figure is equivalent to the amount generated by agriculture in the same region. An effective engagement between governments, companies, and civil society is required to propel sustainable development. With this regional diagnosis of countries rich in natural resources like Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, and the Dominican Republic, the IDB seeks to shed light on best practices among stakeholders of the extractive sectors. It focuses in actions of information, dialogues, consultations, collaborations, and partnerships that are driving development in the region. From the findings of the diagnosis, 3 roadmaps were drafted, to guide the stakeholders in strengthening their engagement.
Protected Area Governance and Management presents a compendium of original text, case studies and examples from across the world, by drawing on the literature, and on the knowledge and experience of those involved in protected areas. The book synthesises current knowledge and cutting-edge thinking from the diverse branches of practice and learning relevant to protected area governance and management. It is intended as an investment in the skills and competencies of people and consequently, the effective governance and management of protected areas for which they are responsible, now and into the future. The global success of the protected area concept lies in its shared vision to protect natural and cultural heritage for the long term, and organisations such as International Union for the Conservation of Nature are a unifying force in this regard. Nonetheless, protected areas are a socio-political phenomenon and the ways that nations understand, govern and manage them is always open to contest and debate. The book aims to enlighten, educate and above all to challenge readers to think deeply about protected areas—their future and their past, as well as their present. The book has been compiled by 169 authors and deals with all aspects of protected area governance and management. It provides information to support capacity development training of protected area field officers, managers in charge and executive level managers.
It is in the best interest of all concerned that tourism become sustainable and environmentally compatible. This need for "sustainable development" is and more by the responsible parties. Moreover, in the being recognised more search for solution strategies the realisation is gaining ground that tourism must be viewed as a worldwide phenomenon whose development must be co-ordinated in a co-operative effort spanning regions and continents. That the preservation of biological diversity also requires global co operation has been confirmed by over 170 countries which have already acceded to the "Convention on Biological Diversity". It is thus an important task to provide the foundations for joint action. Germany, one of the largest source countries of international tourism, must feel particularly obligated in this regard. The report published here is the result of a research project com missioned by the German Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. The study pursued and examined the thesis that the Convention on Biological Diversity be used as a central instrument for arriving at international principles and regulations for combining nature conservation and tourism which could lead to a sustainable development of tourism. To further the discussion, the authors brought the study to a logical conclusion by working out a proposal for a "tourism protocol" additional to the existing Convention on Biodiversity. Such a protocol additional to the Convention would entail the stipulation of internationally binding implementation and regulations for achieving sustainable tourism.