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Diluted bitumen has been transported by pipeline in the United States for more than 40 years, with the amount increasing recently as a result of improved extraction technologies and resulting increases in production and exportation of Canadian diluted bitumen. The increased importation of Canadian diluted bitumen to the United States has strained the existing pipeline capacity and contributed to the expansion of pipeline mileage over the past 5 years. Although rising North American crude oil production has resulted in greater transport of crude oil by rail or tanker, oil pipelines continue to deliver the vast majority of crude oil supplies to U.S. refineries. Spills of Diluted Bitumen from Pipelines examines the current state of knowledge and identifies the relevant properties and characteristics of the transport, fate, and effects of diluted bitumen and commonly transported crude oils when spilled in the environment. This report assesses whether the differences between properties of diluted bitumen and those of other commonly transported crude oils warrant modifications to the regulations governing spill response plans and cleanup. Given the nature of pipeline operations, response planning, and the oil industry, the recommendations outlined in this study are broadly applicable to other modes of transportation as well.
If your organization was subject to the thousands of federal, state, and local environmental laws and regulations in effect in the U.S. at the turn of the century, the Environmental Compliance Handbook should be within easy reach. Thousands of professionals have benefited from the bestselling classic. This practical, comprehensive book simplifies t
Oil Pollution Prevention - Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure Plan Requirements - Amendments, December 26, 2006 (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition) The Law Library presents the complete text of the Oil Pollution Prevention - Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure Plan Requirements - Amendments, December 26, 2006 (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition). Updated as of May 29, 2018 The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA or the Agency) is amending the Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure (SPCC) Plan requirements by: first, providing the option for owners and operators of facilities that store 10,000 gallons of oil or less and meet other qualifying criteria to self-certify their SPCC Plans in lieu of review and certification by a Professional Engineer; second, providing an alternative to the general secondary containment requirement without requiring a determination of impracticability for facilities that have particular types of oil-filled equipment; third, defining and exempting particular vehicle fuel tanks and other on-board bulk oil storage containers used for motive power; and fourth, exempting mobile refuelers from the sized secondary containment requirements for bulk storage containers. The Agency also is removing and reserving the SPCC requirements for animal fats and vegetable oils that are specific to onshore oil production facilities, onshore oil drilling and workover facilities, and offshore oil drilling, production, or workover facilities. Finally, the Agency is extending the SPCC compliance dates for farms. These changes significantly reduce the burden imposed on the regulated community for complying with the SPCC requirements, while maintaining protection of human health and the environment. In a separate document in this Federal Register, the Agency is proposing to extend the compliance dates for all facilities. This book contains: - The complete text of the Oil Pollution Prevention - Spill Prevention, Control, and Countermeasure Plan Requirements - Amendments, December 26, 2006 (US Environmental Protection Agency Regulation) (EPA) (2018 Edition) - A table of contents with the page number of each section