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A guide to the important records of Westminster Abbey, from the tenth century to the present day.
The British Archaeological Association’s 2013 conference was devoted to the study of Westminster Abbey and the Palace of Westminster. It also embraced Westminster School, which was founded at the Reformation in the Abbey precinct. Collectively, these institutions occupy a remarkable assemblage of medieval and later buildings, most of which are well documented. Although the Association had held a conference at Westminster in 1902, this was the first time that the internationally important complex of historic buildings was examined holistically, and the papers published here cover a wide range of subject matter. Westminster came into existence in the later Anglo-Saxon period, and by the mid-11th century, when Edward the Confessor’s great new abbey was built, it was a major royal centre two miles south-west of the City of London. Within a century or so, it had become the principal seat of government in England, and this series of twenty-eight papers covers new research on the topography, buildings, art-history, architecture and archaeology of Westminster’s two great establishments — Abbey and Palace. Part I begins with studies of the topography of the area, an account of its Roman-period finds and an historiographical overview of the archaeology of the Abbey. Edward the Confessor’s enigmatic church plan is discussed and the evidence for later Romanesque structures is assembled for the first time. Five papers examine aspects of Henry III’s vast new Abbey church and its decoration. A further four cover aspects of the later medieval period, coronation, and Sir George Gilbert Scott’s impact as the Abbey’s greatest Surveyor of the Fabric. A pair of papers examines the development of the northern precinct of the Abbey, around St Margaret’s Church, and the remarkable buildings of Westminster School, created within the remains of the monastery in the 17th and 18th centuries. Part II part deals with the Palace of Westminster and its wider topography between the late 11th century and the devastating fire of 1834 that largely destroyed the medieval palace. William Rufus’s enormous hall and its famous roofs are completely reassessed, and comparisons discussed between this structure and the great hall at Caen. Other essays reconsider Henry III’s palace, St Stephen’s chapel, the king’s great chamber (the ‘Painted Chamber’) and the enigmatic Jewel Tower. The final papers examine the meeting places of Parliament and the living accommodation of the MPs who attended it, the topography of the Palace between the Reformation and the fire of 1834, and the building of the New Palace which is better known today as the Houses of Parliament.
Using a wide range of rich original sources, this unique reference guide provides a remarkable picture of England's medieval Jewry. Following an extensive introduction, the dictionary includes illustrations, maps, and over 40 topographic, 30 biographic and 80 general entries, including texts of key legislation.
For centuries, Westminster Abbey has inspired and challenged poets to try to capture and contain the spirit of its haunting beauty and worship-full reverence. This anthology includes poems written between 1413 to the present day, poems which contribute to the greatest epic imaginable in English, Westminster Abbey.
This revised translation of the classic 1998 Une histoire de l’archivistique provides a wide-ranging international survey of developments in archival practices and management, from the ancient world to the present day. The volume has been substantially updated to incorporate recent scholarship and provide additional examples from the English-speaking world. These new additions complement the original text and offer a broad and up-to-date survey, with examples spanning Europe, Africa, Asia and North and South America. The bibliography has also been updated with new material and supplementary English language sources, making it an accessible and up-to-date resource for those working and researching in the field of archives and archival history. This book is an essential reference volume for both archivists and historians, as well as anyone interested in the history of archives.
Following the normal practice in Benedictine monasteries, the obedientiaries of Westminster Abbey kept two quite different kinds of record, and for distinct purposes. Their charters, together with the cartularies and registers where these documents were so often copied, made it possible for them to defend the Abbey's properties and privileges when these were challenged by lay or ecclesiastical opponents. Their financial records - the subject-matter of this book - assisted good housekeeping within their several departments and enabled them to survive the audit which each faced once a year at the hands of fellow-monks; only the abbot and prior were tacitly exempted from this testing experience. The core of the collection of financial records consists of the so-called final accounts prepared each year by obedientiaries, other than the abbot and prior, for scrutiny at the audit. Nearly 2,000 of these survive, not counting second copies. In the course of the year, however, obedientiaries made use of many other forms of financial record. Without these subsidiary records, it would have been difficult or impossible to compile the final accounts, and we can be confident that many were on the table at the audit and owe their survival to this circumstance.
Westminster Abbey contains a unique and important group of effigies, some familiar, many little-known, including kings, queens, statesmen and national heroes, ranging in time from the middle ages to the early nineteenth century. They derive from a time when an effigy of the dead monarch, statesman or national hero played an important part in funeral ritual, offering a visible likeness as a focus to the ceremonial of the funeral. This richly illustrated book, which is the first substantial publication on the effigies since 1936, is both a history of the collection and of the origins and development of the funeral effigy, and a full descriptive catalogue of the twenty-one examples in the Abbey. Copyright © Libri GmbH. All rights reserved.
The Chapel of St Nicholas is the chapel at the east end of the South Ambulatory of the Abbey. It does not feature on the Abbey’s audio guide, but is of interest for several of the individuals buried here. The only family entitled as of right to be buried in the Abbey is the family of the Duke of Northumberland. The entrance to the Northumberland vault is situated in this chapel. The vault holds 30 members of the family including the father of the founding donor of the Smithsonian Institution and the most recent arrival, the widow of the 10th Duke of Northumberland, who died in 2012. Other families well represented here are the Seymours and the Cecils. The first ‘resident’ to arrive was Philippa de Mohun, Duchess of York, who died in 1431.
The King's Felons examines the subtle but intentional development of criminal confinement as an alternative to capital punishment in early Tudor England. As the judicial establishment looked for ways to enhance law and order without provoking political opposition, they increasingly turned to two traditional mitigations of criminal punishment: benefit of clergy and sanctuary. Often reviled as corrupt clerical rights which served to undermine secular authority and the rule of law, benefit of clergy and sanctuary in fact provided the justices with room to manoeuvre, allowing them to punish a larger number of felons less harshly while avoiding political scrutiny. The King's Felons explores the evolution of this approach over a period of sixty years, allowing us to see not only the internal development of both law and process, but the ways in which the judicialsystem responded to external pressures.The dissolution of the monasteries between 1536 and 1540, together with the steady erosion of the wealth and power of the bishops, meant that the institutional and financial foundations on which the justices built this system began to crumble as it was reaching fruition. Over the next two decades they scrambled, with limited success, to secure some small vestiges of the system they had built. The epilogue connects the state of the system in the aftermath of this collapse to our existingunderstanding of the system in the later part of the century.Providing the first detailed study of criminal justice in the early Tudor period, The King's Felons highlights the role of the Church in the administration of criminal justice and reframes our understanding of many significant acts of the Reformation parliament. This book is a must-read for students and scholars of Tudor history, legal historians and those interested in the role of the church with regard to politics, law, and crime.