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This book examines how Massachusetts Normal Art School became the alma mater par excellence for generations of art educators, designers, and artists. The founding myth of American art education is the story of Walter Smith, the school’s first principal. This historical case study argues that Smith’s students formed the professional network to disperse art education across the United States, establishing college art departments and supervising school art for industrial cities. As administrative progressives they created institutions and set norms for the growing field of art education. Nineteenth-century artists argued that anyone could learn to draw; by the 1920s, every child was an artist whose creativity waited to be awakened. Arguments for systematic art instruction under careful direction gave way to charismatic artist-teachers who sought to release artistic spirits. The task for art education had been redefined in terms of living the good life within a consumer culture of work and leisure.
The ideas, people, and events that developed art education are described and analyzed so that art educators and educators in general will have a better understanding of what has happened (and is happening) to visual art in the schools. Peter Smith raises the issue of art education's inordinate emphasis on Eurocentric art. He challenges the often expressed notion that the field of education is the cause of art education's problems and proposes that confused conceptions within the art world are just as much a root of the difficulty. No other book in art education history gives such close and analytical attention to the careers of women in the field. The materials on Germanic cultural and historical influences are unequaled as is the scholarly treatment of Viktor Lowenfeld, probably the most influential single figure in 20th-century American art education.
How can lasting change be made in the way art is taught in America's schools? This was the challenge facing the six regional professional development consortia sponsored by the Getty Education Institute for the Arts. The Quiet Evolution documents this remarkable change effort, which is unique because it has affected thousands of students and teachers in hundreds of school districts. This report provides a compelling history of the evolution of arts education practice and theory in the institutes, including a detailed and richly anecdotal account of how each professional development institute built a coherent, comprehensive approach to arts education. Education policy makers, educators, and community members interested in school reform will find The Quiet Evolution an invaluable guide to the many strategies developed by the regional consortia to change the schools they serve.