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During the two decades that preceded the publication of the first edition of this book, the Gelfand-Kirillov dimension had emerged as a very useful and powerful tool for investigating non-commutative algebras. At that time, the basic ideas and results were scattered throughout various journal articles. The first edition of this book provided a much-needed reliable and coherent single source of information. Since that time, the book has become the standard reference source for researchers. For this edition, the authors incorporated the original text with only minor modifications. Errors have been corrected, items have been rephrased, and more mathematical expressions have been displayed for the purpose of clarity. The newly added Chapter 12 provides broad overviews of the new developments that have surfaced in the last few years, with references to the literature for details. The bibliography has been updated and accordingly, almost double the size of the original one. The faithful revision and contemporary design of this work offers time-honored expertise with modern functionality. A keenly appealing combination. So, whether for the classroom, the well-tended mathematical books collection, or the research desk, this book holds unprecedented relevance.
Sobolev spaces are a fundamental tool in the modern study of partial differential equations. In this book, Leoni takes a novel approach to the theory by looking at Sobolev spaces as the natural development of monotone, absolutely continuous, and BV functions of one variable. In this way, the majority of the text can be read without the prerequisite of a course in functional analysis. The first part of this text is devoted to studying functions of one variable. Several of the topics treated occur in courses on real analysis or measure theory. Here, the perspective emphasizes their applications to Sobolev functions, giving a very different flavor to the treatment. This elementary start to the book makes it suitable for advanced undergraduates or beginning graduate students. Moreover, the one-variable part of the book helps to develop a solid background that facilitates the reading and understanding of Sobolev functions of several variables. The second part of the book is more classical, although it also contains some recent results. Besides the standard results on Sobolev functions, this part of the book includes chapters on BV functions, symmetric rearrangement, and Besov spaces. The book contains over 200 exercises.
This book offers a comprehensive introduction by three of the leading experts in the field, collecting fundamental results and open problems in a single volume. Since Leavitt path algebras were first defined in 2005, interest in these algebras has grown substantially, with ring theorists as well as researchers working in graph C*-algebras, group theory and symbolic dynamics attracted to the topic. Providing a historical perspective on the subject, the authors review existing arguments, establish new results, and outline the major themes and ring-theoretic concepts, such as the ideal structure, Z-grading and the close link between Leavitt path algebras and graph C*-algebras. The book also presents key lines of current research, including the Algebraic Kirchberg Phillips Question, various additional classification questions, and connections to noncommutative algebraic geometry. Leavitt Path Algebras will appeal to graduate students and researchers working in the field and related areas, such as C*-algebras and symbolic dynamics. With its descriptive writing style, this book is highly accessible.
The book is devoted to the combinatorial theory of polynomial algebras, free associative and free Lie algebras, and algebras with polynomial identities. It also examines the structure of automorphism groups of free and relatively free algebras. It is based on graduate courses and short cycles of lectures presented by the author at several universities and its goal is to involve the reader as soon as possible in the research area, to make him or her able to read books and papers on the considered topics. It contains both classical and contemporary results and methods. A specific feature of the book is that it includes as its inseparable part more than 250 exercises and examples with detailed hints (50 % of the numbered statements), some of them treating serious mathematical results. The exposition is accessible for graduate and advanced undergraduate students with standard background on linear algebra and some elements of ring theory and group theory. The professional mathematician working in the field of algebra and other related topics also will find the book useful for his or her research and teaching. TOC:Introduction 1. Commutative, Associative and Lie Algebras: Basic properties of algebras; Free algebras; The Poincaré-Birkhoff-Witt theorem. 2. Algebras with Polynomial Identities: Definitions and examples of PI-Algebras; Varieties and relatively free algebras; The theorem of Birkhoff. 3. The Specht Problem: The finite basis property; Lie algebras in characteristic 2. 4. Numerical Invariants of T-Ideals: Graded vector spaces; Homogeneous and multilinear polynomial identities; Proper polynomial identities. 5. Polynomial Identities of Concrete Algebras: Polynomial identities of the Grassmann algebra; Polynomial identities of the upper triangular matrices. 6. Methods of Commutative Algebra: Rational Hilbert series; Nonmatrix polynomial identities; Commutative and noncommutative invariant theory. 7. Polynomial Identities of the Matrix Algebras: The Amitsur-Levitzki theorem; Generic matrices; Central polynomials; Various identities of matrices. 8. Multilinear Polynomial Identities: The codimension theorem of Regev; Algebras with polynomial growth of codimensions; The Nagata-Higman theorem; The theory of Kemer. 9. Finitely Generated PI-Algebras: The problems of Burnside and Kurosch; The Shirshov theorem; Growth of algebras and Gelfand-Kirillov dimension; Gelfand-Kirillov dimension of PI-Algebras. 10. Automorphisms of Free Algebras: Automorphisms of groups and algebras; The polynomial algebra in two variables; The free associative algebra of rank two; Exponential automorphisms; Automorphisms of relatively free algebras. 11. Free Lie Algebras and Their Automorphisms: Bases and subalgebras of free Lie algebras; Automorphisms of free Lie algebras; Automorphisms of relatively free Lie algebras. 12. The Method of Representation Theory: Representations of finite groups; The symmetric group; Multilinear polynomial identities; The action of the general linear group; Proper polynomial identities; Polynomial identities of matrices.
These two volumes contain selected papers presented at the international conference on group theory held at St. Andrews in 1989. The themes of the conference were combinatorial and computational group theory; leading group theorists, including J.A. Green, N.D. Gupta, O.H. Kegel and J.G. Thompson, gave courses whose content is reproduced here. Also included are refereed papers presented at the meeting.
This volume contains the proceedings of the Amitsur Centennial Symposium, held from November 1–4, 2021, virtually and at the Israel Institute for Advanced Studies (IIAS), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel. Shimshon Amitsur was a pioneer in several branches of algebra, the leading algebraist in Israel for several decades who contributed major theorems, inspiring results, useful observations, and enlightening tricks to many areas of the field. The fifteen papers included in the volume represent the broad impact of Amitsur's work on such areas as the theory of finite simple groups, algebraic groups, PI-algebras and growth of rings, quadratic forms and division algebras, torsors and Severi-Brauer surfaces, Hopf algebras and braces, invariants, automorphisms and derivations.
Combinatorial Algebra: Syntax and Semantics provides comprehensive account of many areas of combinatorial algebra. It contains self-contained proofs of more than 20 fundamental results, both classical and modern. This includes Golod–Shafarevich and Olshanskii's solutions of Burnside problems, Shirshov's solution of Kurosh's problem for PI rings, Belov's solution of Specht's problem for varieties of rings, Grigorchuk's solution of Milnor's problem, Bass–Guivarc'h theorem about growth of nilpotent groups, Kleiman's solution of Hanna Neumann's problem for varieties of groups, Adian's solution of von Neumann-Day's problem, Trahtman's solution of the road coloring problem of Adler, Goodwyn and Weiss. The book emphasize several ``universal" tools, such as trees, subshifts, uniformly recurrent words, diagrams and automata. With over 350 exercises at various levels of difficulty and with hints for the more difficult problems, this book can be used as a textbook, and aims to reach a wide and diversified audience. No prerequisites beyond standard courses in linear and abstract algebra are required. The broad appeal of this textbook extends to a variety of student levels: from advanced high-schoolers to undergraduates and graduate students, including those in search of a Ph.D. thesis who will benefit from the “Further reading and open problems” sections at the end of Chapters 2 –5. The book can also be used for self-study, engaging those beyond t he classroom setting: researchers, instructors, students, virtually anyone who wishes to learn and better understand this important area of mathematics.
These lecture notes treat polynomial identity rings from both the combinatorial and structural points of view. The greater part of recent research in polynomial identity rings is about combinatorial questions, and the combinatorial part of the lecture notes gives an up-to-date account of recent research. On the other hand, the main structural results have been known for some time, and the emphasis there is on a presentation accessible to newcomers to the subject.
The volume is almost entirely composed of the research and expository papers by the participants of the International Workshop "Groups, Rings, Lie and Hopf Algebras", which was held at the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NF, Canada. All four areas from the title of the workshop are covered. In addition, some chapters touch upon the topics, which belong to two or more areas at the same time. Audience: The readership targeted includes researchers, graduate and senior undergraduate students in mathematics and its applications.
The volume is almost entirely composed of the research and expository papers by the participants of the International Workshop "Groups, Rings, Lie and Hopf Algebras", which was held at the Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NF, Canada. All four areas from the title of the workshop are covered. In addition, some chapters touch upon the topics, which belong to two or more areas at the same time. Audience: The readership targeted includes researchers, graduate and senior undergraduate students in mathematics and its applications.