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This revised doctoral dissertation examines the sociopolitical and economic transformations that took place during the transition from the Bronze to Iron Age in Southern Britain. Based on three study areas (South Downs, Wessex and East Anglia) Greis develops models for understanding the degree of complexity, social integration, centralisation, the nature of agricultural and subsistence practices, and the development of hierarchies, during this period.
This volume seeks to re-assess the significance accorded to the body of stone and flint axe-heads imported into Britain from the Continent which have until now often been poorly understood, overlooked and undervalued in Neolithic studies.
Folklore and archaeology are traditionally seen as taking very different approaches to the interpretation of the past. This book explores the complex relationship between the disciplines to show what they might learn from each other.
The objective of this edited volume is to bring together a diverse set of analyses to document how small-scale societies responded to paleoenvironmental change based on the evidence of their lithic technologies. The contributions bring together an international forum for interpreting changes in technological organization - embracing a wide range of time periods, geographic regions and methodological approaches.​ ​As technology brings more refined information on ancient climates, the research on spatial and temporal variability of paleoenvironmental changes. In turn, this has also broadened considerations of the many ways that prehistoric hunter-gatherers may have responded to fluctuations in resource bases. From an archaeological perspective, stone tools and their associated debitage provide clues to understanding these past choices and decisions, and help to further the investigation into how variable human responses may have been. Despite significant advances in the theory and methodology of lithic technological analysis, there have been few attempts to link these developments to paleoenvironmental research on a global scale.
It is nearly 25 years since the last major survey of the archaeology of the London region was written. In that quarter-century some of the most extraordinary evidence of our past has come to light: a 9,000-year-old hunting camp in Uxbridge, a 2-mile-long prehistoric bank-and-ditch cursus monument at Stanwell, the spectacular Roman heart of the City, the Saxon trading emporium on the Strand, the largest medieval cemetery excavated in Europe at Spitalfields, and Shakespeare's Rose Theatre at Bankside. This book, completed with the substantial support of English Heritage and the City of London Archaeological Trust, represents the latest and most comprehensive attempt to place these treasures in their context. It also draws together the knowledge of specialists and experts to provide a framework within which future archaeological discoveries and research may be considered. The result is an accessible and fascinating insight into the rich diversity of human experience that has combined over the last half-million years into the metropolis of Greater London today.The Archaeology of Greater London is presented in 10 period-based chapters, with 13 accompanying full-colour maps and an extensive bibliography and gazetteer of sites end finds.
In this book an analysis of over 300 animal bone assemblages from English Saxon and Scandinavian sites is presented. The data set is summarised in extensive tables for use as comparanda for future archaeozoological studies. Animals in Saxon and Scandinavian England takes as its core four broad areas of analysis. The first is an investigation of the diet of the population, and how food was used to establish social boundaries. Increasingly diverse diets are recognised, with high-status populations distinguishing themselves from other social sectors through the way food was redistributed and the diversity of taxa consumed. Secondly, the role of animals in the economy is considered, looking at how animal husbandry feeds into underlying modes of production throughout the Saxon period. From the largely self-sufficient early Saxon phase animal husbandry becomes more specialised to supply increasingly urban settlements. The ensuing third deliberation takes into account the foodways and interactions between producer and consumer sites, considering the distribution of food and raw materials between farm, table and craft worker. Fundamental changes in the nature of the Saxon economy distinguish a move away from food renders in the middle Saxon phase to market-based provisioning; opening the way for greater autonomy of supply and demand. Finally, the role of wics and burhs as centres of production is investigated, particularly the organisation of manufacture and provisioning with raw materials.
Includes proceedings of the annual general meetings of the Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Society.