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This book is dedicated to highlighting some relevant advances in the field of thin films and coatings based on two-dimensional crystals and layered nanomaterials. Due to their layered structure, graphene and a variety of new 2D inorganic nanosystems, called “graphene analogues”, have all attracted tremendous interest due to their unprecedented properties/superior performance, and may find applications in many fields from electronics to biotechnology. These two-dimensional systems are ultrathin and, hence, tend to be flexible, also presenting distinctive and nearly intrinsic characteristics, including electronic, magnetic, optical, thermal conductivity, and superconducting properties. Furthermore, the combination of different structures and synergetic effects may open new and unprecedented perspectives, making these ideal advanced materials for multifunctional assembled systems. As far as the field of coatings is concerned, new layered nanostructures may offer unique and multifunctional properties, including gas barrier, lubricant, conductive, magnetic, photoactive, self-cleaning, and/or antimicrobial surfaces. This book contains new findings on the synthesis and perspectives of multifunctional films that are at the forefront of the science and coating technologies.
This book is dedicated to highlighting some relevant advances in the field of thin films and coatings based on two-dimensional crystals and layered nanomaterials. Due to their layered structure, graphene and a variety of new 2D inorganic nanosystems, called “graphene analogues”, have all attracted tremendous interest due to their unprecedented properties/superior performance, and may find applications in many fields from electronics to biotechnology. These two-dimensional systems are ultrathin and, hence, tend to be flexible, also presenting distinctive and nearly intrinsic characteristics, including electronic, magnetic, optical, thermal conductivity, and superconducting properties. Furthermore, the combination of different structures and synergetic effects may open new and unprecedented perspectives, making these ideal advanced materials for multifunctional assembled systems. As far as the field of coatings is concerned, new layered nanostructures may offer unique and multifunctional properties, including gas barrier, lubricant, conductive, magnetic, photoactive, self-cleaning, and/or antimicrobial surfaces. This book contains new findings on the synthesis and perspectives of multifunctional films that are at the forefront of the science and coating technologies.
Materials Science in Photocatalysis provides a complete overview of the different semiconductor materials, from titania to third-generation photocatalysts, examining the increasing complexity and novelty of the materials science in photocatalytic materials. The book describes the most recommended synthesis procedure for each of them and the suitable characterization techniques for determining the optical, structural, morphological, and physical-chemical properties. The most suitable applications of the photocatalysts are described in detail, as well as their environmental applications for wastewater treatment, gaseous effluents depollution, water splitting, CO2 ?xation, selective organic synthesis, coupling reactions, and other selective transformations under both UV light and visible-light irradiation. This book offers a useful reference for a wide audience from students studying chemical engineering and materials chemistry to experienced researchers working on chemical engineering, materials science, materials engineering, environment engineering, nanotechnology, and green chemistry. - Includes a complete overview of the different semiconductor materials used as photocatalysts - Describes methods of preparation and characterization of photocatalysts and their applications - Examines new possibilities to prepare effective photocatalysts
From a chemistry aspect, graphene is the extrapolated extreme of condensed polycyclic hydrocarbon molecules to infinite size. Here, the concept on aromaticity which organic chemists utilize is applicable. Interesting issues appearing between physics and chemistry are pronounced in nano-sized graphene (nanographene), as we recognize the importance of the shape of nanographene in understanding its electronic structure. In this book, the fundamental issues on the electronic, magnetic, and chemical properties of condensed polycyclic hyodrocarbon molecules, nanographene and graphene are comprehensively discussed.
Since the late 20th century, graphene-a one-atom-thick planar sheet of sp2-bonded carbon atoms densely packed in a honeycomb crystal lattice-has garnered appreciable attention as a potential next-generation electronic material due to its exceptional properties. These properties include high current density, ballistic transport, chemical inertness,
This book discusses the remediation process using graphene oxide as removal agent from a chemical point of view. State of the art, properties of graphene oxide and its preparation methods are reported in the introduction. Environmental issues and regulations are presented in view of applying graphene oxide dispersion to the purification of aqueous medium, especially for industrial wastewater. The remediation process, for removal organic molecules, inorganic/metallic ions, covers the last part of the book. Future prospective for graphene oxide in the environmental remediation approach is commented.
Polymer Nanocomposites Containing Graphene: Preparation, Properties and Applications provides detailed up-to-date information on the characterization, synthesis, processing, properties and application of these materials. Key topics that are covered in the book include: the methods of synthesis and preparation of graphene as well as different processes and methods of functionalization and modification of graphene for improving composite properties. The preparation techniques focus on which method is advantageous for getting improvements in properties along with their drawbacks. The structure and property relationships are also discussed in detail. The issues related to graphene dispersion in polymer matrices is also addressed as well as the use of graphene as reinforcement in thermoset resins. The different properties of the composites like mechanical, electrical, dielectric, thermal, rheological, morphology, spectroscopy, electronic, optical, and toxicity are reviewed from the geometrical and functional point of view. Applications cover electrical and electronic fields, flame and fire retardancy, structural, sensing and catalysis, membrane, in fuel cell and solar energy, hydrogen production, aerospace engineering, packaging, and biomedical/bioengineering fields. Up-to-date patents on graphene-polymer nanocomposites are also covered. Those working in graphene-based materials will benefit from the detailed knowledge presented in this book on graphene synthesis, composite preparation methods, and the related problems associated with them. The book will enable researchers to select the appropriate composite as per their respective field of application. Presents novel approaches for the preparation of graphene, its modification and nanocomposites with enhanced properties for state-of-the-art applications Special attention is given to how graphene is synthesized through different routes, their functionality, dispersion related matters and structural aspects controlling the composite properties for various applications All synthesis methodology and functionalization procedure for graphene is discussed
This book describes the rapidly expanding field of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes). It covers fundamental knowledge on synthesis, structure, and properties of these new materials, and a description of their processing, scale-up and emerging applications. The ways in which the quickly expanding family of MXenes can outperform other novel nanomaterials in a variety of applications, spanning from energy storage and conversion to electronics; from water science to transportation; and in defense and medical applications, are discussed in detail.
In the 1970s and the early 1980s there was an enormous volume of research and development into the subject of molybdenum disulphide lubrication, much of which was supported by national governments for the benefit of defence, aviation or space activities. There were already some well-established practical guidelines for deciding when and how to use molybdenum disulphide, but there was still a considerable lack of universally-accepted theoretical understanding of some of the important and fundamental aspects of molybdenum disulphide technology. However, the state of knowledge was growing rapidly.In the past fifteen years the situation with regard to the technology of molybdenum disulphide lubrication has stabilised in many respects, and a measure of consensus has been reached about some of the mechanisms involved. The use of molybdenum disulphide has become routine in some industries, and there are many well-established and reputable commercial products available. Except in the high-technology field of physical deposition techniques, especially sputtering, the output of new research publications has fallen from perhaps two hundred a year in the 1970s to fewer than ten a year in the 1990s. In spite of this maturing of the subject, it is clear that there are still many aspects in which disagreements persist about the mechanisms involved, and which as a result are unclear or misunderstood among current, and perhaps even more importantly, potential users.One of the primary objectives of this book is to analyse the various aspects of molybdenum disulphide lubrication technology about which there are still disagreements or controversy, and to attempt to come to firm conclusions about some of the mechanisms involved. In particular, it will place emphasis on the importance and effects of burnishing and film consolidation.