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The annealing of deformed materials is of both technological importance and scientific interest. The phenomena have been most widely studied in metals, although they occur in all crystalline materials such as the natural deformation of rocks and the processing of technical ceramics. Research is mainly driven by the requirements of industry, and where appropriate, the book discusses the extent to which we are able to formulate quantitative, physically-based models which can be applied to metal-forming processes.The subjects treated in this book are all active research areas, and form a major part of at least four regular international conference series. However, there have only been two monographs published in recent times on the subject of recrystallization, the latest nearly 20 years ago. Since that time, considerable advances have been made, both in our understanding of the subject and in the techniques available to the researcher.The book covers recovery, recrystallization and grain growth in depth including specific chapters on ordered materials, two-phase alloys, annealing textures and annealing during and after hot working. Also contained are treatments of the deformed state and the structure and mobility of grain boundaries, technologically important examples and a chapter on computer simulation and modelling. The book provides a scientific treatment of the subject for researchers or students in Materials Science, Metallurgy and related disciplines, who require a more detailed coverage than is found in textbooks on physical metallurgy, and a more coherent treatment than will be found in the many conference proceedings and review articles.
The effect of microstructure on mechanical properties of metastable beta titanium alloys was investigated, with emphasis on the influence of alpha-phase precipitation on tensile strength and ductility. A commercial alloy, Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Mo-4Zr (Beta-C) has been aged to produce both Type 1 alpha (obeying the Burgers orientation relation) and 2 alpha (not obeying the Burgers relation) as hardening precipitates in the beta matrix. Although a direct comparison of Types 1 and 2 alpha could not be made, there did not seem to be any direct correlation between precipitate type and mechanical properties. Rather, it has been found that overaging to produce a coarse distribution of relatively large (>1000 A) non-coherent alpha precipitates provides the best combination of strength and ductility. The same strength can be achieved with much finer distribution of small (approximately 100-200 A) coherent alpha precipitates, but with much reduced ductility.
This handbook is an excellent reference for materials scientists and engineers needing to gain more knowledge about these engineering materials. Following introductory chapters on the fundamental materials properties of titanium, readers will find comprehensive descriptions of the development, processing and properties of modern titanium alloys. There then follows detailed discussion of the applications of titanium and its alloys in aerospace, medicine, energy and automotive technology.
This book contains the Proceedings of the 13th World Conference on Titanium.
Beta titanium alloys are one of the most rapidly developing areas of materials technology. As a group, beta alloys provide a wider range of processing, physical, chemical and mechanical properties than any other titanium alloys.
Titanium alloys, due to unique physical and chemical properties (mainly high relative strength combined with very good corrosion resistance), are considered as an important structural metallic material used in hi-tech industries (e.g. aerospace, space technology). This book provides information on new manufacturing and processing methods of single- and two-phase titanium alloys. The eight chapters of this book are distributed over four sections. The first section (Introduction) indicates the main factors determining application areas of titanium and its alloys. The second section (Manufacturing, two chapters) concerns modern production methods for titanium and its alloys. The third section (Thermomechanical and surface treatment, three chapters) covers problems of thermomechanical processing and surface treatment used for single- and two-phase titanium alloys. The fourth section (Machining, two chapters) describes the recent results of high speed machining of Ti-6Al-4V alloy and the possibility of application of sustainable machining for titanium alloys.
The beta Titanium alloy Ti-23niobium-11aluminum (at. pct.) differs from other beta Ti alloys in that it is age-hardenable due to the formation of lath-like, alpha-two precipitates based on Ti3Al. This study reports the room temperature deformation and slip behavior of the Ti-23Nb-11Al alloy as a function of heat treatment. The results indicate that the formation of the alpha-two precipitates results in not only a large increase in yield stress but also can induce a change in slip mode from inhomogeneous to uniform slip.