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Project Report from the year 2013 in the subject American Studies - Comparative Literature, grade: A-, University of Bedfordshire, course: MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION IN HEALTHCARE & HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT, language: English, abstract: This theory into practice report is intend for exploration of influence of globalisation on the healthcare delivery in Indian Medical Tourism industry. The scope of this report is broad as it critically analyse Indian Medical Tourism industry with the means of theoretical frameworks and case studies based on 3 famous Indian Hospitals. The core objective of this report is to determine the impact of globalisation on the Indian Medical Tourism sector, It has been discovered that India is regarded as the most favourite destination from the perspective of medical tourists and all this possible due to several factors (low treatment cost, capitalisation of superior medical technology and highly skilled paramedical and medical staff who got initial training from Developed countries). The globalisation of healthcares services had been began after the signing of General Agreement on Trade Services (GATS) which thereafter directed Indian economy towards the opening up especially in relation to inflow of advanced medical equipment, pharmaceuticals and implants from other countries and also resulted in the enhancement of quality standards which were guided through the development of clinical governance and competitive benchmarking system. Indian Medical Tourism sector has been offering qualitative and comparatively affordable healthcare services through highly skilled personnel, increasing Indian foreign revenue, expanding job opportunities within healthcare sector, augmenting the global standing of India, encouraging investors to make more investment with healthcare sector and corresponding is promoting reverse brain drain. The major challenge which is a threat to Indian healthcare services due to the globalisation factor is the increasing inequity between Indian public and private sector and is hence resulted in the form of brain drain. The second challenge is related with ethical issues in response to certain procedures (reproductive tourism & organ transplantation). Professionals of Indian public healthcare sector should come up with regulatory policies in the align with strict governance policies for India private healthcare in order to overcome certain challenges occur after the brain drain of doctors from public healthcare to private sector.
India has a comprehensive Healthcare system comprising government and private service providers. Indian healthcare sector comprise of both allopathy & Alternative systems of medicine i.e. AYUSH. Indian Healthcare industry is worth Rs. 730 billion, and occupies 4 per cent of country’s GDP. In India, the Healthcare system is organised into primary, secondary and tertiary levels of delivery system. Healthcare ServicesDuring 2010-11, sales of the industry had grown by 25.4 per cent. During 2011-12 and 2012-13, transactions are expected to grow by a healthy 18.6 per cent and 20.5 per cent respectively. The National Health Policy (NHP)in light of the Directive Principles of the constitution of India recommends "universal, comprehensive primary health care services which are relevant to the actual needs and priorities of the community at a cost which people can afford". Globally, health expenditure as a proportion of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) ballooned in the second half of the 20th century, experiencing an almost threefold increase from 3 per cent in the 1950s to 8.5 per cent by 2014. According to the OECD, key drivers of greater health spending include: Rising incomes; Demographic trends; Ageing Population; Epidemiological trends; and Development and diffusion of new technologies and drugs. The four modes of cross-border delivery of services under GATS can be summarized as follows: Services supplied from one country to another; Consumers or firms making use of a service in another country; A foreign company setting up subsidiaries or branches to provide services in another country; and Individuals travelling from their own country to supply services in another country. Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) in the hospitals and diagnostic center segment has reached a new high in India. India is already charged in this route as evident from the 100% allowance of FDI in the hospital segment under automatic route, since January 2000. There is also an increasing interest among private equity funds, domestic and international financial institutions, venture capitalists, and banks to examine investment opportunities across an extensive range of segments. A developing country like India can adopt a mechanism for healthcare delivery for medical tourists to strengthen its economy by Creating an efficient and economic human resource pool (skilled medical and paramedical professionals), offer competitive costs and high quality of care to medical tourists.
This book examines the global influence and scope of medical tourism with an emphasis on the city of Kolkata in Eastern India as an emerging destination at the regional scale. Through a geographical research perspective, the book discusses the importance of the phenomenon of medical tourism including recent trends, policies, and scale studies to develop sustainable strategies for medical tourism at particular micro destinations. In nine chapters, readers will become familiar with the multi-billion dollar industry of medical tourism and the problems currently associated with medical tourism at multiple scales. The trends of medical tourism in and around the city of Kolkata are used to demonstrate the roles of infrastructure and stakeholders in implementing feasible and sustainable medical tourism in an emerging destination. The first two chapters of the book provide an introduction to medical tourism and the methodologies of this study. Then chapters three through nine focus on medical tourism in the case of Kolkata to discuss the regional applications and developments of medical tourism. Topics addressed include medical tourism facilities, stakeholders and tourists, guest-host relationships, an assessment of development versus risk, and an evaluation of strategies to manage rising medical tourism in Kolkata. The concluding chapter discusses future strategies that could be used to implement the potentialities of a metropolitan city as a medical tourism destination, based on studies done in Kolkata. Readers who will find this work of interest include students, practitioners, geographers, and researchers and policymakers engaged in the medical tourism industry.
Western patients are increasingly travelling to developing countries for health care and developing countries are increasingly offering their skills and facilities to paying foreign customers. The potential and implications of this international trade in medical services is explored in this book through analysis of the market.
Adequate healthcare access not only requires the availability of comprehensive healthcare facilities but also affordability and knowledge of the availability of these services. As an extended responsibility, healthcare providers can create mechanisms to facilitate subjective decision-making in accessing the right kind of healthcare services as well various options to support financial needs to bear healthcare-related expenses while seeking health and fulfilling the healthcare needs of the population. This volume brings together experiences and opinions from global leaders to develop affordable, sustainable, and uniformly available options to access healthcare services.
Health and Wellness Tourism takes an innovative look at this rapidly growing sector of today¿s thriving tourism industry. This book examines the range of motivations that drive this diverse sector of tourists, the products that are being developed to meet their needs and the management implications of these developments. A wide range of international case studies illustrate the multiple aspects of the industry and new and emerging trends including spas, medical wellness, life-coaching, meditation, festivals, pilgrimage and yoga retreats. The authors also evaluate marketing and promotional strategies and assess operational and management issues in the context of health and wellness tourism. This text includes a number of features to reinforce theory for advanced students of hospitality, leisure and tourism and related disciplines.
The era of globalization allows for more connectivity between nations and cultures. This increase in international association gives citizens more availability to take advantage of opportunities in other nations, such as medical assistance and accompanying services. Current Issues and Emerging Trends in Medical Tourism focuses on the emerging phenomena of international travel by patients in search of improved healthcare services and treatment, wellness programs, and complementary recreational activities. Including extensive coverage and case studies focusing on patient mobility and new opportunities for health services across borders, this authoritative reference source is essential to the needs of healthcare providers, nonprofit organizations, students, and medical professionals seeking relevant research on the relationship between global travel and access to healthcare. This publication features innovative, research-based chapters spanning the spectrum of medical travel issues including, but not limited to, customer perceptions, ethical considerations, reproductive medicine, social media use, family caregivers, organ transplants, human trafficking, and surrogacy concerns.
"Today Singapore ranks sixth in the world in healthcare outcomes well ahead of many developed countries, including the United States. The results are all the more significant as Singapore spends less on healthcare than any other high-income country, both as measured by fraction of the Gross Domestic Product spent on health and by costs per person. Singapore achieves these results at less than one-fourth the cost of healthcare in the United States and about half that of Western European countries. Government leaders, presidents and prime ministers, finance ministers and ministers of health, policymakers in congress and parliament, public health officials responsible for healthcare systems planning, finance and operations, as well as those working on healthcare issues in universities and think-tanks should know how this system works to achieve affordable excellence."--Publisher's website.
The era of globalization allows for more connectivity between nations and cultures. This increase in international association gives citizens the ability to take advantage of opportunities in other nations, such as medical assistance and accompanying services. Medical Tourism: Breakthroughs in Research and Practice is a comprehensive reference source for the latest scholarly material on trends, practices, and emerging phenomena of international travel by patients for medical treatment and examines the benefits and challenges of these services. Highlighting a range of pertinent topics such as hospitality management, reproductive medicine, and ethical considerations, this multi-volume book is ideally designed for the needs of healthcare providers, nonprofit organizations, students, and medical professionals seeking relevant research on the relationship between global travel and access to healthcare.
Tourism is a global phenomenon. Because it is an important, even vital, source of income for many countries in the world. Its importance was recognized in the Manila Declaration on World Tourism of 1980 as “an activity essential to the life of nations because of its direct effects on the social, cultural, educational, and economic sectors of national societies and on their international relations and its indirect effects on the development of allied industries like transport, hotel etc.”.Medical Tourism is one form of tourisms and which means a journey that patients take from one country to another country to get cost effective and efficient medical treatment, followed by a great vacation at some of the most beautiful locations. India is one of the major players in this industry. Currently, it hosts about 1.27 million medical tourists from industrialized countries like UK, USA and Canada and from its neighboring countries such as Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and China. Its foreign exchange earnings from medical tourism are estimated to be around US $ 1.8 billion. The estimated number of medial tourists in India in 2015 would be between 1.21 million and 2.78 million. The estimated revenue would lie between US $ 1719 million to US $ 3964 million in 2015. Medical tourism industry in India has potential to contribute around 25 percent to the country’s Gross Domestic Product in the next five years, if fully tapped.The present book titled Sociology of Medical Tourism highlights various dimensions, identifies different issues and suggests further development of this multimillion dollar industry in India in an in-depth manner. Medical Tourism is one of the most important trust areas which emerge in the past century and because of its multiple level of use it also become subject matter of research in various subjects including Sociology. It is hoped that this book, with its wide-ranging and in-depth content, critical insights and detailed analysis of the concept, prove to be immensely resourceful to the readers. I also assure that this book should be proven an informative referral for those who are working and doing research in the field of medical tourism.