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Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2006 im Fachbereich Geowissenschaften / Geographie - Bevölkerungsgeographie, Stadt- u. Raumplanung, Note: 2,3, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: Bevor ich die Frage nach Global Cities in Lateinamerika behandeln werde, möchte ich zuerst den Begriff der Global City, wie er nach seinen „Begründern“ S. Sassen und J. Friedmann definiert wurde, erörtern. Die Global City als Gegenstand wissenschaftlicher Betrachtung wurde erstmals in den 1980er Jahren von J. Friedmann behandelt, da die früheren Werke von Hall (1966) et al. noch keine Theorie der Global City im heutigen Sinne thematisierten, sondern sich mit World Cities etc. und demnach mit einem völlig anderen Kriterienkatalog befassten. Als Definition für eine Global City lassen sich hier die „Auswahlkriterien für Global Cities“ von J. Friedmann1anführen: Wichtiges Finanzzentrum, Headquarters von transnationalen Unternehmen, internationale Institutionen√rapider Anstieg des Dienstleistungssektors√wichtiges Produktionszentrum, wichtiger Transportknotenpunkt, Bevölkerungsgröße. Erweitert wird diese Definition durch S. Sassens „Neue Funktionsweisen von Global Cities“: hoch konzentrierte Kommandozentralen in der Organisation der Weltwirtschaft, Schlüsselstandorte für Finanzwesen und hoch spezialisierte Dienstleistungen, Orte der Produktion einschliesslich Innovationen in führenden Industriezweigen, Märkte für produzierte Güter und Innovationen Nach dieser Hypothese ist eine Global City also ein urbanes Zentrum globaler Bedeutung, das sich durch eine herausragende wirtschaftliche und administrative Stellung sowohl im nationalen als auch im globalen Kontext definiert. Für die Klassifikation von Global Cities werden dementsprechend verschiedenste Daten herangezogen, wie etwa die Summe der ausländischen Direktinvestitionen (ADIs), die Anzahl an Direktflügen in Triadenländer (Europa - Nordamerika - Japan), die Präsenz ausländischer Banken oder auch die Ausprägung des FIRE - Sektors (Finance - Insurance - Real Estate / Finanzdienstleistungen - Versicherungen - Immobilien). Wichtiger für die Einstufung einer Global City ist jedoch vor allem ihre Vernetzung mit anderen Global Cities bzw. ihre Rolle im globalen Wirtschaftssystem.
New Global Cities in Latin America and Asia: Welcome to the Twenty-First Century proposes new visions of global cities and regions historically considered “secondary” in the international context. The arguments are not only based on material progress made by these metropolises, but also on the growing social difficulties experienced (e.g., organized crime, drug trafficking, slums, economic inequalities). The book illustrates the growth of cities according to these problems arising from the modernity of the new century, comparing Latin American and Asian cities. This book analyzes the complex relationships within cities through an interdisciplinary approach, complementing other research and challenging orthodox views on global cities. At the same time, the book provides new theoretical and methodological tools to understand the progress of “Third World” cities and the way of understanding “globality” in the 21st century by confronting the traditional views with which global cities were appreciated since the 1980s. Pablo Baisotti brings together researchers from various fields who provide new interpretative keys to certain cities in Latin America and Asia.
El lector encontrará estudios sobre morfología, infraestructuras o nuevas formas de crecimiento urbano en distintas ciudades de Brasil, México, Argentina y Perú, heredero de las grandes civilizacions precolombinas y del modelo de ciudad regular europeo desarrollado por castellanos i portugueses.
This book contains chapters on each of Latin America's six large cities (Mexico City, São Paulo, Buenos Aires, Rio de Janeiro, Lima, and Santa Fé de Bogotá). It has four thematic chapters. the first discusses the demography of urban growth in the region and the other three focus on what are particularly sensitive issues in very large cities : public administration, transportation, and land, housing, and infrastructure. (Adapté du résumé de l'éditeur).
Monograph examining economic implications and social implications of capitalist urbanization in Latin America - discusses trends in urban development and underdevelopment during historical colonialism, industrialization, rural migration and change in the agrarian structure, etc., and analyses social stratification and social mobility, interdependence between the modern industrial sector and the informal sector (small scale industry), poverty and working class marginality, etc. Bibliography pp. 178 to 199 and statistical tables.
For millennia, urban centers were pivots of power and trade that ruled and linked rural majorities. After 1950, explosive urbanization led to unprecedented urban majorities around the world. That transformation--inextricably tied to rising globalization--changed almost everything for nearly everybody: production, politics, and daily lives. In this book, seven eminent scholars look at the similar but nevertheless divergent courses taken by Mexico City, Rio de Janeiro, Buenos Aires, Montreal, Los Angeles, and Houston in the twentieth century, attending to the challenges of rapid growth, the gains and limits of popular politics, and the profound local effects of a swiftly modernizing, globalizing economy. By exploring the rise of these six cities across five nations, New World Cities investigates the complexities of power and prosperity, difficulty and desperation, while reckoning with the social, cultural, and ethnic dynamics that mark all metropolitan areas. Contributors: Michele Dagenais, Mark Healey, Martin V. Melosi, Bryan McCann, Joseph A. Pratt, George J. Sanchez, and John Tutino.
Many cities in Latin America and the Caribbean are experiencing a water crisis as sources become exhausted or degraded. Urbanization, deteriorating infrastructures with a lack of funds for repairs, and inadequate polices are conspiring to cause water shortages. People are becoming concentrated in megacities, such as Mexico City with a population of almost 23 million, that have outgrown their water-supply systems. Urban areas are increasingly incapable of supplying water and sewer systems for their populations. By the year 2020, more than 500 million inhabitants of Latin America (two-thirds of.
This edited volume analyzes how migration, the conformation of urban areas, and globalization impact Latin American geopolitics. Globalization has decisively influenced Latin American nationhood and it has also helped create a global region with global cities that are the result of the urbanization process. Also, globalization and migration are changing Latin America's own vision as a collective community. This book tackles how migration triggers concerns about security, which lead to policies based on the protection of borders as a matter of national security. The contributors argue that economic regionalization-globalization promotes changes in the social and economic geography which refer to social phenomena, the dynamic of social classes and their spatial implications, all of which may impact economic growth on the region. The project will appeal to a wider audience including political scientists, scholars, researchers, students and non-academics interested in Latin American geopolitics.
This classic work chronicles how New York, London, and Tokyo became command centers for the global economy and in the process underwent a series of massive and parallel changes. What distinguishes Sassen's theoretical framework is the emphasis on the formation of cross-border dynamics through which these cities and the growing number of other global cities begin to form strategic transnational networks. All the core data in this new edition have been updated, while the preface and epilogue discuss the relevant trends in globalization since the book originally came out in 1991.
By the dawn of the 21st century, more than half of the world's population was living in urban areas. This volume explores the implications of this unprecedented expansion in the world's most urbanized region, Latin America, exploring the new urban reality, and the consequences for both Latin America and the rest of the developing world.